• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2010년도 춘계 학술대회 제22권1호
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• pp.317-318
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• 2010

At the latest industry develops, heavy metals or sludge contaminated surrounding farm land and rivers. In this study, wished to solve problem by saying contaminated sludge and tailing and heavy metals to do solidification using Magnesia phosphate cement. Confirmed through above experiment that magnesia is effect in solidification and stabilization of chromium and lead.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2001

A few study has been performed on the durability of subbase treated with geo-cement for the farm road although many papers for the road treated with soil-cement were published. The objectives of the study are to develop the stabilizing method of subbase using additives of cement groups and 2nd additives such as gypsum and MgO, etc. A series of test was performed to investigate possible mixing ratios with geo-cement A, B, C, D and 2nd additives on the various soft soils from the rice paddy. Based on test results, durability index was greatly affected by geo-cement D which was mainly composed with gypsum. Compressive strength of clayey soil such as Soil I was less than threshold strength(30kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$) but the strength was increased as addition of gypsum and MgO. It is recommended that geo-cement for soil stabilization has to be carefully chosen because strength characteristics of subbase are varied not only with soils but also with addition of geo-cement and 2nd additives. The developed method in this study can be used subbase treatment of low-cost agricultural roads.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.60-74
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• 1980

Soil-cement mixtures involve problems in it's durability in grain size distribution and mineral composition of the used soils as well as in cement content, compaction energy, molding water content, and curing. As an attempt to solve the problems associated with durability of weathered granite soil with cement treated was investigated by conducting tests such as unconfined compression test, it's moisture, immers, wet-dry and freeze-thaw curing, mesurement of loss of weight with wet-dry and freeze-thaw by KS F criteria and CBR test with moisture curing on the five soil samples different in weathering and mineral composition. The experimental results are summarized as follows; The unconfined compressive strength was higher in moisture curing rather than in the immers and wet-dry, while it was lowest in freeze-thaw. Decreasing ratio of unconfined compressive strength in soil-cement mixtures were lowest in optimum moisture content or in the dry side rather than optimum moisture content with freeze-thaw. The highly significant ceofficient was obtained between the cement content and loss of weight with freeze-thaw and wet-dry. It was possible to obtain the durability of soil-cement mixtures, as the materials of base for roads, containing above 4 % of cement content, above 3Okg/cm$_2$ of unconfined compressive trength with seven days moisture curing or 12 cycle of freeze-thaw after it, above 100% of relative unconfined compressive strength, 80% of index of resistance, below 14% of loss of weight with 12 cycle of wet-dry and above 1. 80g/cm$_2$ of dry density.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.95-108
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• 2023

Soft soil ground is a crucial factor limiting the development of the construction of transportation infrastructure in coastal areas. Soft soil is characterized by low strength, low permeability and high compressibility. However, the ordinary treatment method uses Portland cement to solidify the soft soil, which has low early strength and requires a long curing time. Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) is an emerging method to address geo-environmental problems associated with geotechnical materials. In this study, a method of bio-cementitious mortars consisting of MICP and cement was proposed to stabilize the soft soil. A series of laboratory tests were conducted on MICP-treated and cement-MICP-treated (C-MICP-treated) soft soils to improve mechanical properties. Microscale observations were also undertaken to reveal the underlying mechanism of cement-soil treated by MICP. The results showed that cohesion and internal friction angles of MICP-treated soft soil were greater than those of remolded soft soil. The UCS, elastic modulus and toughness of C-MICP-treated soft soil with high moisture content (50%, 60%, 70%, 80%) were improved compared to traditional cement-soil. A remarkable difference was observed that the MICP process mainly played a role in the early curing stage (i.e., within 14 days) while cement hydration continued during the whole process. Micro-characterization revealed that the calcium carbonate filling the pores enhanced the soft soil.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제39권12호
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• pp.1138-1142
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• 2002

유해 중금속을 함유하고 있는 제철 폐기물 슬러지를 안전하게 처리하기 위하여 고로 수쇄 슬래그와 포틀랜드 시멘트를 이용한 중금속 고화용 슬래그 시멘트, 고황산염 시멘트를 제조하여 폐슬러지의 고화를 시도하였다. 고로 수쇄 슬래그와 보통포틀랜드 시멘트를 6:4로 혼합하고 여기에 자극제로서 CaO를 10% 가한 슬래그 시멘트 재료를 사용한 경우, STS 슬러지는 C-S-H 그리고 ettringite와 monosulfate 등의 수화물이 생성되면서 강도가 지속적으로 증가함을 보여주고 있지만 성상과 성분이 다른 BF 슬러지와 COREX 슬러지에 적용하였을 때는 강도 발현이 좋지 않았다. 하지만 고화처리용 슬래그 시멘트를 이용하여 STS에 BF 및 COREX 슬러지를 각각 5:5로 혼합한 혼합슬러지에 적용한 경우 고화체의 강도는 슬래그 시멘트를 이용한 경우 폐기물 고화 처리 기준을 상회하는 충분한 강도를 보였다. 한편, 수쇄슬래그, 반수석고, 보통 포틀랜드 시멘트에 자극제를 혼합한 폐기물 처리용 고황산염계 시멘트를 이용하여 고화가 힘들었던 COREX 슬러지에 적용한 결과, 3일 강도가 이미 고화처리기준을 상회하는 좋은 결과를 얻어, 이 시멘트 재료로서 COREX 슬러지의 고정/안정화도 가능함을 보여주고 있다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.669-680
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• 2013

This paper unveils a new computer based stabilization methodology for automated modeling analysis and its experimental verification for corrosion in reinforced concrete structures under the effect of varying oxygen concentration. Various corrosion cells with different concrete compositions under four different environmental conditions (air dry, submerged, 95% R.H and alternate wetting-drying) have been investigated under controlled laboratory conditions. The results of these laboratory tests were utilized with an automated computer-aided simulation model. This model based on mass and energy stabilization through the porous media for the corrosion process was coupled with modified stabilization methodology. By this coupling, it was possible to predict, maintain and transfer the influence of oxygen concentration on the corrosion rate of the reinforcement in concrete under various defined conditions satisfactorily. The variation in oxygen concentration available for corrosion reaction has been taken into account simulating the actual field conditions such as by varying concrete cover depth, relative humidity, water-cement ratio etc. The modeling task has been incorporated by the use of a computer based durability model as a finite element computational approach for stabilizing the effect of oxygen on corrosion of reinforced concrete structures.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2005년도 지반공학 공동 학술발표회
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• pp.425-428
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• 2005

To resolve land demand by the development of various industries and the cityward tendency of population, the construction of ultra-soft ground that is unused in the past has been progressing with activity. The ultra-soft ground has very small shear strength and large deformation, so leads to many problems in ground improvement in construction. In order to dispose of these problems, it is necessary to develope the chemical materials that can be applied to the surface stabilization of ultra-soft ground. In this study, the new ground treatment that is using cement and SCS is compared, analyzed with existing ground treatment. In addition, through the laboratory tests that check the characteristic of congealment and strength, the application of SCS in field is affirmed.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.408-415
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• 2001

Hardening agent has been the traditional material for surface soil stabilization of soft ground. The aim of this study if to determine optimal mixture ratio of hardening agent in accordance with the required design specifications. Hardening agent consists of fly ash, gypsum, slag and cement for the ettringite hydrates and if effective for early stabilization of unconsolidated soil. The raw ground material is the clay that is widely found here and there in Korea. In this study, preliminary tests were performed to get optimal mixture ratio of stabilizer ingredient and marine clay in Jinhae was used to get physical and chemical properties. Laboratory tests of 50 stabilized soils were performed to get optimal mixture ratio for 16-stabilizer materials of 6 types, and mixture ratio of stabilizer ingredient and marine clay was determined.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.1005-1016
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• 2018

This paper presents an investigation on the properties of two types of cement kiln dust (CKD)-stabilized dredged sediments, silt and clay with a comparison to hydrated lime stabilization. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and California bearing ratio (CBR) tests were conducted to examine the optimal stabilizer content and classify the type of highway material. A strength development model of treated dredged sediments was performed. The influences of various stabilizer types and sediment types on UCS were interpreted with the aid of microstructural observations, including X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analysis. The results of the tests revealed that 6% of lime by dry weight can be suggested as optimal content for the improvement of clay and silt as selected materials. For CKD-stabilized sediment as soil cement subbase material, the use of 8% CKD was suggested as optimal content for clay, whereas 6% CKD was recommended for silt; the overall CBR value agreed with the UCS test. The reaction products calcium silicate hydrate and ettringite are the controlling mechanisms for the mechanical performance of CKD-stabilized sediments, whereas calcium aluminate hydrate is the control for lime-stabilized sediments. These results will contribute to the use of CKD as a sustainable and novel stabilizer for lime in highway material applications.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.159-165
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• 2002

일반 흙에 시멘트, 물 등을 배합하는 소일시멘트는 보수, 보강이 쉬우며, 경제적이고, 자연 친화적이기 때문에 도로포장, 사면보호, 흙막이 벽체, 연약지반 개량 등 여러 분야에 활용되고 있으며, 최근에는 소일시멘트의 강도를 증가시키기 위해 특수 혼화재료를 섞어서 사용하는 경우가 많아졌다. 이 연구에서는 혼화재료인 NSC(New Soil Chemical)를 섞은 소일시멘트의 일축압축강도를 측정하는 실험을 수행하였으며, 흙 종류, 시멘트 함량, NSC 혼합비에 따른 일축압축강도의 변화 양상을 파악하고자 하였다. 연구결과 NSC 용액은 흙종류에 따라 차이는 있으나 일축압축강도를 상당히 증진시키는 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.