• 대한건축학회논문집:구조계
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• 제33권12호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2017

When industrial by-products like slag and fly ash are using in concrete with cement, it improves strength and durability against external deterioration factors by densifying the structure through potential hydraulic and pozzolanic reaction. But it has been pointed out that high dependence on the quality variation and the curing condition using a admixure material for concrete. In this study, the characteristics of internal micropore structure according to curing condition were analyzed for pastes and mortar specimens under using blast furnace slag powder. As a result, the variation of compressive strength and the internal microstructure were observed according to curing conditions by binder type. Particularly, using blast furnace slag powder, decrease in compressive strength were clearly observed in indoor and carbonation curing compared with water curing. The pore structure analysis also clearly observed the decrease of the gel pore existing in the CSH hydrate layer and the increase of the capillary pore in indoor and carbonation curing compared with water curing condition.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제31권12호
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• pp.1507-1512
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• 1994

High strength cement hardened body was prepared by ordinary portland cement, silica-fume, super-plasticizer and the industrial by-product powder such as tailing, paper sludge ash and granulated slag. These raw materials were mixed and formed with w/c=0.18. The cement hardened body is cured in the autoclave at 18$0^{\circ}C$, 10atm. These admixtures made the compressive strength of all specimens develope by 170~230%. The highest compressive strength could be obtained by 236 MPa when mix composition was 14 wt% of silica-fume and 26 wt% of granulated slag. The compressive strength increased with decreasing the average pore size and the amount of the poe over the size of 50 nm by which the appearance of high compressive strength of the cement hardened body were mainly influenced. In the result, the hydration products were C-S-H, tobermorite and ettringite and it was realized that the reason why the cement hardened body became dense and revealed the higher strength was that those hydrates were formed inside of the pore and filled in it and the unhydrated materials played the role of an inner-filler.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.365-371
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• 2009

It is well known that the properties of concrete such as the compressive strength, water permeability, water tightness and durability are affected by micro-structure in hardened cement paste. Especially, for durability of concrete, watertightness of cementitious materials is the most critical property among various properties. Recently, many types of materials as organic and/or inorganic materials are used for watertightness of concrete. In this study, The effect of Stearic Acid at $0.5\;wt%{\sim}3.0\;wt%$ adding ratios on the hydration and watertightness property of cement were investigated. And we also discussed the changing of microstructure in hardened cement paste by addition of Stearic Acid. Cement paste with Stearic Acid showed improvement of watertightness by reducing of cement total pore volume and decomposition of Stearic Acid.

• 공업화학
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.979-984
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• 1997

폴리머 혼화제로서 styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR)라텍스, ethylene-vinyl acetate(EVA)에멀젼 및 polyacrylic ester(PAE)에멀젼을 사용하여 동일한 스럼프에서 폴리머-시멘트비를 변화시켜 공시체를 제조하여, 압축과 휨강도시험, 흡수시험, 세공분포측정 및 미세구조 관찰 등을 실시하였다. 그 결과 폴리머-시멘트비의 증가와 더불어 압축과 휨강도 모두 향상되었고, 동해에 큰 영향을 주는 모세관 공극범위의 세공량은 감소되었으며, 폴리머 시멘트비 15wt% 이상에서 연속적인 폴리머필름이 형성되었다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.213-218
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• 2006

시멘트페이스트 공극 내 확장 메니스커스 영역을 초승달 영역, 박막 영역, 흡착 영역으로 구분하고 공극 크기에 따른 액막 두께, 흡착층 두께, 모세관 압력, 분리 압력을 압력 평형 방정식을 이용하여 산정하였다. 그 결과 공극 크기와 흡착층 두께와의 연관식을 도출할 수 있었으며, 공극 크기 $1nm{\sim}1{\mu}m$에 따른 흡착층 두께는 $0.299{\sim}2.700nm$로 나타났고 특히 10nm이하의 공극에서 흡착층 두께 감소에 따른 분리압력의 증가효과가 크게 나타났다. 따라서 시멘트페이스트의 자기 수축은 10nm이하의 공극이 생성되면서 크게 증가하는 것으로 판단된다. 이러한 분리 압력과 모세관 압력을 수축 구동력으로 적용한 자기 수축 예측치는 실험값에 비하여 재령 $1{\sim}4$일까지는 작게 이후부터는 큰 결과를 나타내었다. 이는 초기재령에서의 공극측정시 공극 손상과 이에 따른 수축구동력 과소평가와 불포화 개별공극 가정에 따른 수축구동력 과대평가의 상호작용으로 판단되므로 추후 이에 대한 보완점으로 수화도등의 공극 대체 모델과 불포화공극에 대한 고려사항이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 제20권1호
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• pp.537-540
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• 2008

RC 구조물은 반영구적인 재료로 인식되어 왔으나, 최근 RC 구조물의 조기 열화에 의한 문제가 보고되고 있다. 이중 내구성능 저하 요인으로서 탄산화에 의한 공극구조의 변화로 인하여 발생하는 문제에 대한 연구가 필요한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 물-결합재비율을 0.55로 고정하고 결합재로서 보통포틀랜드 시멘트만을 사용한 (OPC), 이성분계 콘크리트로서 결합재에 고로슬래그 미분말을 50% 치환한 (BFS50), 플라이애시를 15% 치환한 (FA15), 또한 삼성분계 콘크리트로서 플라이애시 15% 및 고로슬래그 미분말을 35% 치환한 (BFS35+FA15)로 배합을 설정하였다. 또한 탄산화에 진행에 의한 공극구조의 변화로 열화요인의 작용으로 인한 $CO_2$ 및 염화물 이온의 침투 특성을 단독열화 시험과 복합열화 시험을 통해 비교 연구하여 평가를 실시하였다. 그 결과 공극구조의 변화에 따른 영향으로 인하여 염화물 이온의 침투속도가 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.567-576
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• 2023

In this study, a 3D microstructure-based model is established to simulate the effective thermal conductivity of cement paste, covering varying influencing factors associated with microstructure and thermal transfer mechanisms. The virtual cement paste divided into colloidal C-S-H and heterogeneous paste are reconstructed based on its structural attributes. Using the two-level hierarchical cement pastes as inputs, a lattice Boltzmann model for heat conduction is presented to predict the thermal conductivity. The results suggest that due to the Knudsen effect induced by the nanoscale pore, the thermal conductivity of air in C-S-H gel pore is significantly decreased, maximumly accounting for 3.3% thermal conductivity of air at the macroscale. In the cement paste, the thermal conductivities of dried and saturated cement pastes are stable at the curing age larger than 100 h. The high water-to-cement ratio can decrease the thermal conductivity of cement paste.

• 공업화학
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.505-510
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• 2009

콘크리트의 내구성에 대한 대표적인 물리적 특성인 압축강도, 투수성능, 수밀성 등은 시멘트 재료의 미세구조에 의해 영향을 받는다. 특히 콘크리트의 내구성 향상을 위해서는 수밀성이 가장 중요하다 할 수 있다. 콘크리트의 수밀성 향상을 위한 재료는 유기 재료 및 무기질 재료가 다양하게 이용이 되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 불소계 에멀젼이 시멘트 수밀성능에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 불소계 에멀젼이 혼입된 시멘트 재료는 시멘트 계면 활성에 의한 수밀성능 개선 및 시멘트 pore 내에서 $CaF_2$ 미세 결정의 생성에 의해 시멘트 재료의 수밀성능을 개선시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2018

In this study, fabrication method of inorganic insulation were studied to reduce $CO_2$ from buildings. Main materials for inorganic insulation were used cement, blast furnace slag and aluminum powder as foaming agent. Mixing ratio of cement and slag was controlled and physical properties of inorganic insulation were analyzed. When inorganic insulation was fabricated using cement and slag, expanded slurries were not sunken and hardened normally. Pore size was 0.5 - 2 mm; mean pore size was about 1mm in inorganic insulation. Compressive strength of inorganic insulation increased with curing time and increased slightly with cement fineness. However, specific gravity decreased slightly with curing time; this phenomenon was caused by evaporation of adsorptive water. When inorganic insulation was dried at $60^{\circ}C$, compressive strength was higher than that of undried insulation. The highest compressive strength was found with a mixture of cement (50%) and slag (30%) in inorganic insulation. Compressive strength was 0.32 MPa, thermal conductivity was 0.043 W/mK and specific gravity was $0.12g/cm^3$.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1991년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.11-14
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• 1991

Apparent diffusion coefficients of Cl-ions through hardened cement paste(HCP), which were partly substituted blending materials, were determined. Also, pore solution was extracted from HCP which were immersed in NaCl solution, and Cl- concentration of the solution were analyzed. Partly substitution of pozzolanic materials considerably reduced the diffusion rate for Cl-ions and Cl- concentration of pore solution. Binding capacity of Cl- is related to the content of Al2O3 and pozzolanic reactivity.