• Textile Coloration and Finishing
• /
• v.3 no.4
• /
• pp.13-16
• /
• 1991

C.I. Reactive Blue 19에 대한 hydroxylethylsulfonyl type의 수용액에서의 용해성과 안정성을 조사한 결과 이온강력 0.15, pH 5.8과 9.2에서 초기의 용해도를 4시간 동안 유지했으며, 이온강력을 증가시키면 용해도의 단정성이 감소했다. 그러나 용액의 교반하면 안정성이 증가하여 이온강력 0.30에서 초기용해도가 하루 동안 유지되었다. 셀로판 필름을 원주형태의 롤로 만들어 확산과 흡착 거동을 조사한 결과 hydroxylethylsulfonyl type의 용액 농도가 증가하면 표면농도, $C_0$가 증가했으나 확산계수, D는 일정한 값을 유지했다. Bis(arylsulfonylethyl)ether type의 셀룰로우스와의 반응성은 vinylsulfonyl type에 대해 겉보기 반응속도가 1/6 정도였다.

• Journal of Information Display
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.149-157
• /
• 2009

Reported herein is the architecture for a nonvolatile n-type memory paper field-effect transistor. The device was built via the hybrid integration of natural cellulose fibers (pine and eucalyptus fibers embedded in resin with ionic additives), which act simultaneously as substrate and gate dielectric, using passive and active semiconductors, respectively, as well as amorphous indium zinc and gallium indium zinc oxides for the gate electrode and channel layer, respectively. This was complemented by the use of continuous patterned metal layers as source/drain electrodes.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.501-506
• /
• 2001

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of supplemental unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) on fermentation characteristics, especially on gas production, cellulose degradation and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration by mixed ruminal microorganisms. In order to attain this objective, unsaturated fatty acids including oleic acid (C 18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2) and arachidonic acid (C22:4) were added at varying level. Mixed ruminal microbes used in this experiment were obtained from the rumen of a cannulated Holstein cow. Medium pH values after 7 d incubation were significantly affected by type and level of unsaturated fatty acids (p<0.01). All of UFA inhibited total gas production, and especially treatment of arachidonic acid at the levels of 0.01% gave the lowest gas. production after 7 d incubation (p<0.01). Comparison of the population of protozoa revealed that UFA did not have any significant effect on the total protozoa number. The addition of UFA did not effect dry matter degradation. Volatile fatty acid (VFA) composition of the culture was influenced little by UFA, although the considerable amount of iso-type VFA were detected in UFA supplemented incubations. The ratio of acetic acids to propionic acids, however, was lower than control in all the treatments after 7 d incubation (p<0.01).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
• /
• 2002.11a
• /
• pp.57.1-57
• /
• 2002

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.404-410
• /
• 1998

Three types of adsorbents were developed by immobilizing synthetic zeolite, Philipsite-Gismonine, in alginate, cellulose acetate and dialysis membrane for the in situ removal of ammonium ion which inhibits growth and productivity of animal cells such as CHO cells producing tPA. Ammonium ion removal efficiency and cell growth promoting effect with various immobilized adsorbents were evaluated and the membrane type was selected as an optimal immobilized adsorbent. The experiments were then simulated by adding 8mM ammonium chloride and immobilized adsorbent in order to validate the removal effect under high density cell cultures. The results showed increase in maximum cell density by three times, in cell viability, and in tPA productivity by 40%. And it was found that the promoting effects were more significant in case of high ammonium ion concentration system. It was also found that the optimum addition time for immobilized adsorbents was 48 hr in the absence of ammonium chloride addition and 72 hr in the presence of ammonium chloride addition.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.120-126
• /
• 2018

As a basic study for environment-friendly production of bacterial cellulose (BC) dressing with antimicrobial activity, we isolated and identified acetic acid bacteria which are resistant to silver ions and can biosynthesize silver nanoparticles. Furthermore, conditions of BC production by selected strain were also investigated. Strain G7 isolated from decayed grape skin was able to grow in the presence of 0.1 mM $AgNO_3$ which was identified as Acetobacter intermedius based on 16S rRNA gene analysis. BC production was the highest in a medium containing 2% glucose as a carbon source, 2% yeast extract as a nitrogen source, and 0.115% acetic acid as a cosubstrate. Structural properties of BC produced in optimal medium were studied using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometer, and it was found that BC produced was cellulose type I that was the same as a typical native cellulose. When strain G7 was cultured in an optimal medium containing 0.1 mM $AgNO_3$, the color of the culture broth turned into reddish brown, indicating that silver nanoparticles were formed. As a result of UV-Vis spectral analysis of the culture, it was found that a unique absorption spectrum of silver nanoparticles at 425 nm was also observed. Scanning electron microscopic observations showed that silver nanoparticles were formed on the surface and pores of BC membrane.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.29 no.8
• /
• pp.819-826
• /
• 2020

Production of Bacterial Cellulose (BC) by Gluconacetobacter sp. A5 was studied in shaken culture using different cost-effective carbon sources and its structural and mechanical properties were evaluated. Glycerol showed the highest level (7.26 g/l) of BC production, which was about three times higher than the yield in glucose medium. BC production depended not only on the decrease in pH, but also on the ability of Gluconacetobacter sp. A5 to synthesize glucose from different carbon sources and then polymerize it into BC. All BC produced from different carbon sources exhibited a three-dimensional reticulated structure consisting of ultrafine cellulose fibriles. Carbon sources did not significantly change the microfibrile structure of the resulting BC. BC produced from glucose medium had the lowest water-holding capacity, while BC from molasses medium had the highest. XRD data revealed that all BC were cellulose type I, the same as typical native cellulose. The crystalline strength of BC produced in glucose medium was the highest, and that in molasses medium was the lowest. Our results suggest that glycerol could be a potential low-cost substrate for BC production, leading to the reduction in the production cost, and also to produce BC with different mechanical properties by selecting appropriate carbon source.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.219-230
• /
• 1987

Two allelotypes of sMDH variation, namely A and B type, are known in the dark chub, Zacco temmincki. We attempted to clarify their probable functional enzymatic difEerence with temperature change. Two types of sMDH were purified separately by successive chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and blue 2-Sepharose amEnity columns, and their ensymatic activities to temperature change were measured. Q10 of Vmax and Vmax/Km were significantly different between two types, i.e. A type being higher in Q10 values than B type. Based on the result it is assumed that A type may be more sensitive to temperature change than B type.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.895-902
• /
• 2014

Bacterial cellulose (BC) has played important role as new functional material for food industry and industrial products based on its unique properties. The interest in BC from static cultures has increased steadily in recent years because of its potential for use in medicine and cosmetics. In this study, we investigated culture condition for BC production by Acetobacter sp. F15 in static culture. The strain F15, which was isolated from decayed fruit, was selected on the basis of BC thickness. The optimal medium compositions for BC production were glucose 7%, soytone 12%, $K_2HPO_4$ 0.2%, $NaH_2PO_4{\cdot}_2H_2O$ 0.2%, lactic acid 0.05% and ethanol 0.3%, respectively. The strain F15 was able to produce BC at $26^{\circ}C-36^{\circ}C$ with a maximum at $32^{\circ}C$. BC production occurred at pH 4.5-8 with a maximum at pH 6.5. Under these conditions, a maximum BC thickness of 12.15 mm was achieved after 9 days of cultivation; this value was about 2.3-fold higher than the thickness in basic medium. Scanning electron micrographs showed that BC from the optimal medium was more compact than plant cellulose and was reticulated structure consisting of ultrafine cellulose fibrils. BC from the optimal medium was found to be of cellulose type I, the same as typical native cellulose.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.91-95
• /
• 1994

EagBI is a type II restriction endonuclease from Enterobacter agglomerans strain CBNU45 isolated from soil. EagBI was partially purified by DEAE-cellulose, phosphocellulose P11 and hydroxylapatite column chromatography. EagBI recognizes and cleaves the sequence 5'-CGAT${\downarrow}$CG-3' and generates 2-base 3'-protruding cohesive ends. The optimal reaction conditions of EagBI are 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.8), 6-10 mM $MgCl_2$, at 37 ${\circ}C$. The enzyme is maximally active in the absence of NaCl, able to cleave both $dam^-$ and $dam^+$ DNAs, and sensitive to heat treatment (at 65 ${\circ}C$ for 10 min). Therefore, although EagBI is an isoschizomer of PvuI, it is more useful than PvuI in respect of the NaCl requirement and heat-stability.