• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 1986

The water content, physical property and sensory of cigarette brands lave been studied from the view point of the individual and inner packages. It was found that the cigarettes had absorbed the moisture from alto more than 56% of a relative humidity (RH) and lost it under RH, 56%. The critical moisture contents for the optimum quality of cigarette maintenance were 7.7% through 14.595 in the range of equilibrium relative humidity (ERH) 52.2%-63.5%. The ERH at the initial moisture content of 12.1% showed 58.8% When cigarettes were storaged in 9095 of RH and 4$0^{\circ}C$, the shelf life of the Inner package was respectively shown 18.8 days In cellophane, 33.3 days In PET(25u), 69.8 days in OPP and 73.5 days in OPP film coated with PVDC. As shown above, the longest life time was found in the OPP film coated with PVDC. In the individual packages, the shelf life of packaging materials used above was significantly short in the same conditions as of the inner packages. Each shelf life of the individual packages was same In order comparing with that of the inner Packages.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.206-211
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• 1997

The optimal conditions for the production and regeneration of the protoplasts from Lentinula edodes were studied. Protoplast formation from the mycelia of L. edodes which were cultured in liquid medium showed a significantly high yield compared with that of the mycelia which were cultured on cellophane covered agar media. A mixture of Novozyme 234 (15 mg/ml) and Cellulase Onozuka R10 (10 mg/ml) in 0.6 M mannitol (pH 4) was optimal lytic enzyme for the protoplast release. The optimal incubation time and mycelia age were 3.5-4 hours at $30^{\circ}C$ and 6-8 days, respectively. Regeneration frequency was 0.18% plated onto a medium containing 0.6 M sucrose, and 0.08% plated onto a medium containing mannitol. But hardly any regeneration was observed in the media containing NaCl, KCl, or $MgSO_{4}$ More than 90% of the protoplasts contained nuclei and the nucleus number per protoplast was 1.1. The DNA content per nucleus was 5.1 pg. The diameter of the protoplast was $3-5{\mu}m$ and it had a well defined cell structure.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.375-378
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• 1993

The prevalence of Intestinal parasite Infections In Inhabitants at the reaches of the Hantan River, Chorwon-gun, Korea, was observed from August 12 to September 14, 1993. Of 465 people observed by cellophane thick smear and formalin-ether concentration method, 2 Ascots lumbricoides (unfertilized), 1 Trichwis Dichturn, 39 Clonorchis sinensis and 16 Metagonimus egg positive cases were found. After treatment, the Metogonimus egg positive cases passed out flukes of Metogonimus Mlyata type. Of 68 fish caught In the Hantan River, 14 (20.6%) were Infected with metacercanae of Metogontmn, while no metacercana of C. sinenis was found. At this area, soul-transmitted nematodes are very low, but clonorchlasis and metagonlmlasis are prevalent by modernate endemicity.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.63-67
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• 1990

This study was performed to evaluate the status of intestinal parasitic infections among the inhabitants in two islands (Chu-do and Doomi-do) of Tongyeong.gun, Kyeongsangnam-do (Province), from August to September, 1989. A total of 189 stool specimens was collected from the inhabitants of 3 villages and examined by Kato's cellophane thick smear and formalin.ether sedimentation techniques. Stoll's dilution egg counting technique was done for the quantitative examination of helminth eggs. The overall Positive rate of intestinal Parasites was 30.2%. The egg Positive rate of Ascaris lumbricoides was 2.1%, that of Trichuris trichiura 24.3%, hookworm 2.1%, Trichostrongylus orientazis 0.5%, Czonorchis sinensis 1.1%, heterophyid 1.6%, and Taenia species 2.6%. The cyst positive rate of Giardia lamblia was 1.6% and that of Entamoeba soli 0.5%. In T. trichiura infection, the egg Positive rate of females (29.9%) was much higher than that of males (17.2%). Among the age groups, 10~19 year group showed the highest inflection rate, 32.4%. It was revealed that the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among the inhabitants of remote islands should be still high in comparison with ever-reported ones in urban or rural areas.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.165-168
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• 1989

Ginseng plants in the 2nd year were grown under the shade (90-95%) of colored cellophane films at $15^{\circ}C$ in a natural light phytotron. Relative root grown (final/initial) was in decreasing order of blue, green, white, yellow and red. The growth of aerial part, especially stem length was poorest in blue light with relative root growth negatively correlated with stem length. In this relation each color showed specific domain. Stem length showed positive linear correlation with leaf area per plant in each and among light though it was not significant in red light. The content and ratio of chlorophyll a and b in leaf were in the decreasing order of White, Blue, Green, Red and Yellow. There is positive correlation between chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, and between total chlorophyll and chl:a/b ratio. Blue color shade is expected to be beneficial for ginseng production.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.33-36
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• 2000

A small-scale epidemiological survey was undertaken during 1997-1998 on the residents along the Osib-chon (Stream), Samchok-shi (City), Kangwon-do (Province), to evaluate the status of Metagonimus yokogawai infection. A total of 165 fecal samples was collected and examined by cellophane thick smear and formalin-ether sedimentation techniques. The egg Positive rate of M. yokogawai was 29.7%, showing a remarkable difference between males (46.6%) and females (16.3%). To obtain the adult flukes of M. yokogawai, 11 egg positive persons were treated with praziquantel and purged with magnesium sulfate. A total of 242,119 adult flukes (average 22,010 per person, 367 119,650 in range) was collected from diarrheic stools, all of which were identified as M. yokogawai. The results show that M. yokogawai is still highly endemic in this area.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.45 no.1 s.141
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• pp.69-74
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• 2007

Trichostrongylus eggs observed in cellophane-thick smears are difficult, in practice, to distinguish from hookworm eggs. In order to overcome these limitations, a molecular approach was conducted. A Trichostrongylus colubriformis adult worm was obtained from a human in Laos, which was identified morphologically. ITS-1 sequence of this worm was determined, and found to be most similar with that of T. colubriformis among the Trichostrongylus spp. reported so far. Then, this sequence was compared with those of human hookworm species, Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus, and species-specific oligonucleotide primers were designed. Polymerase chain reaction(PCR) using these primers evidenced specifically amplified PCR products of Trichostrongylus sp., A. duodenale and N. americanus from the eggs of each(520 bp, 690 bp, and 870 bp, respectively). A species-specific PCR technique can be developed in order to study the epidemiology of Trichostrongylus spp. and hookworms in endemic areas.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.47-52
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• 1988

The intradermal(ID) test has been widely used in Korea and several reports about the results of the ID test are known. We examined the egg of Clonorchis sinensis(C. s.) by ID test in 443, stool's egg-counting technique in 79 and direct smear(cellophane thick smear technique) in 1304 subjects. The results are as follows.: 1. The positive rate of C. s. was 3.8% out of 1304 persons. 2. The sensitivity of ID test was 82.1% out of 39 persons and, the specificity was 64.6% out of 404 persons. 3. The false positive of ID test 35.4% out of 404 persons and, the false negative was 17.9% out of 39 persons. Intradermal test is a rapid, sensitive and useful supplementary diagnostic tool for the detection of Clonorchiasis infection and must be used as screening test with direct smear of stool but cross reaction with other helminth infections and moderate false reaction are the main disadvantages in its practical application.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.80-89
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• 1982

In order to observe the endemic status of Clonrchis sinensis infection in Samrangjin eup, Milyang gun, Kyongsang nam do, a total number of 294 stool specimens were collected from the inhabitants who lived in the basin of the Nakdong river. The specimens were examined by cellophane thick smear technique and Stoll's egg dilution technique during the period from May to June 1983. The epidemiological status was analysed statistically by the regression equation and catalytic curv with the results obtained from this area. The results are as follows : 1) The infestation rate of Clonorchis sinensis in 294 was 49.0%. 2) No remarkable difference was observed between male (52.5%) and female (44.8%). 3) Average E.P.G. by Stoll's egg dilution technique in this area was 9,597. 4) The degree of the intensity of Clonorchis infection by E.P.G. count was distributed as 10.5% in very heavy infection, 14.7% in heavy infection, 47.4% in moderate infection, and 29.3% in light infection. 5) The intensity of endemicity in this area was represented with the regression equation calculated with the cumulative percentages of E.P.G. counts. Regression equation was y=3.40+1.23 log x and Cs. $D._{50}$ was 19.99. 6) The two stage catalytic model was applied and the calculation lead to the equation $y=1296(e^{-0.008t}-e^{-0.035t})$ ; a=0.035 > b=0.008 in this surveyed area. 7) Other helminthic infection rate in this area was 7.1% in A. lumbricoides, 9.5% in T. trichiura and 4.1% in E. vermicularis respectively.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2002

The endemic status of clonorchiasis and metagonimiasis along the Geum gang (River) in Okcheon-gun (County) in Korea was examined. From February to December 7000, stools of total 1,081 inhabitants living in 5 villages were examined. Each stool specimen was examined by both the cellophane thick smear method and the formalin-ether sedimentation technique. Egg-positive cases were further analyzed by Stoll's egg-counting technique. and praziquantel was administered to positive cases. The egg-positive rates for Clonorchis sinensis and Metafonimus species were 9.3% and 5.5%, respectively, and the double infection rate was 3.5%. The numbers of eggs per gram (EPG) of feces of C. sinensis and Metafoninus sp. were $918{\pm}1,463$ and $711{\pm}947$, respectively. The egg-positive rates for C. sinensis and Metagoninus sp. in the riverside area were 14.2% and 8.4%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the inland area (3.2% and 1.7%. respectively). The egg-positive rates of C. sinensis and Metagoninus sp. in males (16.7% and 10.0%) were significantly higher than those of females (3.5% and 1.8%) However, there were no significant differences of EPG values between localities and sexes. The prevalence of clonorchiasis and metagonimiasis in this survey was significantly lower than that in the previous reports. However. there is still a high prevalence of infection with C. sinensis and Metagoninus sp. in this region. especially in the riverside area.