• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.377-384
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• 2008

The root of Vitis labrusca, is used as a source of health promoting drug in Korean traditional medicine. It has been reported that root of Vitis labrusca has antioxidant, anti lipid peroxidation and anti-reactive nitrogen species (RNS) activities. The aim of this study was to elucidate the molecular changes of apoptotic signaling pathways in phorbol 12-myristate 13 acetate (PMA)-induced human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (Hep G2). The root of Vitis labrusca, ethanol extract (RVLEE) was tested for cell viability on Hep G2 cell using the MTT assay. RVLEE exhibited weak cytotoxic activity. However, treatment of Hep G2 cells with RVLEE suppressed PMA-induced cell proliferation. Also, dramatic changes of cell death signals in cellular molecules such as Chk2/Cds1, CIDE-B, CLIMP-63, Bax, Bcl-xL, C-myc, Bcl-2, Bric-5, NIP-3, TRAF2 and BAR but not CIDE-B and DR4. Futhermore, our results showed that the treatment of Hep G2 cells with 25 and $50\; {\mu}g/ml$ of RVLEE suppressed PMA-induced COX-2 gene activity. These data suggest that RVLEE have inhibitory effect of cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis and, thus, may offer therapeutic potential in Hep G2.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권10호
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• pp.3660-3665
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• 2011

CO-tolerant PtMo/C alloy electrocatalyst was prepared by a colloidal method, and its electrocatalytic activity toward CO oxidation was investigated. Electrochemical study revealed that the alloy catalyst significantly enhanced catalytic activity toward the electro-oxidation of CO compared to Pt/C counterpart. Cyclic voltammetry suggested that Mo plays an important role in promoting CO electro-oxidation by facilitating the formation of active oxygen species. The effect of Mo on the electronic structure of Pt was investigated using X-ray absorption spectroscopy to elucidate the synergetic effect of alloying. Our in-depth spectroscopic analysis revealed that CO is less strongly adsorbed on PtMo/C catalyst than on Pt/C catalyst due to the modulation of the electronic structure of Pt d-band. Our investigation shows that the enhanced CO electrooxidation in PtMo alloy electrocatalyst is originated from two factors; one comes from the facile formation of active oxygen species, and the other from the weak interaction between Pt and CO.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.311-317
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• 2006

식물생육을 촉진하고 고추역병균을 방제하는 다기능 PGPR 균주 Bacillus subtilis AH18 항진균성 cellulase 유전자를 PCR을 이용해 pUC18과 재조합 후 E. coli DH5$\alpha$에 cloning하여 E. coli내에 발현시켰으며, 그 형질전환 균주를 E. coli DH5$\alpha$(pCM 41)이라 명명하였고, 발현된 cellulase를 ce/H라 하였다. E. coli DH5$\alpha$(pCM 41)의 inset 부위는 B. subtilis AH18의 1,582 bp 유전자를 포함하며 cellulase의 유전자는 1,524 bp로 508개의 amino acid가 암호화된 것으로 추정되었고, CMC를 함유한 SDS-PAGE의 방법으로 약 55 kDa의 분자량을 확인하였다. B. subtilis AH18이 가지는 ce/H는 3종의 대표적인 Bacillus spp.들의 cellulase 유전자의 DNA와 아미노산 배열이 98% 이상 유사하였으며, CMC(carboxymethyl-cellulose) 뿐만 아니라, 불용성 섬유소인 Avicel, filter paper(Whatman No. 1) 특히 고추역병균인 Phytophthora capsici의 건조 cell wall도 분해하였다. 또한 colH의 cellulase는 $50^{\circ}C$에서 효소활성이 가장 높았으며, 최적 pH는 pH 6.0이었다. 그리고 $AgNO_3$ 또는 $CoCl_2$ 첨가시 활성이 1.7배, 2배 정도 증가하였고 $HgC1_2$ 첨가시는 활성이 20%까지 떨어졌다. 또한 여러 화학 저해제들 중 Sodium azide 또는 Hydroxy urea는 효소 활성을 증가시켰으며, CDTA 또는 EDIA는 섬유소분해능을 감소시켰다. 이들의 결과는 고추역병균 P. capsici의 생육을 억제하는 B. subtilis AM18의 진균세포벽 용해성 cellula의 효소학적 특성을 구명한 것이라고 할 수 있다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제37권9호
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• pp.699-704
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• 2014

Themetastasis-associated gene 1 (MTA1) oncogene hasbeen suggested to be involved in the regulation of cancer progression. However, there is still no direct evidence that MTA1 regulates cisplatin (CDDP) resistance, as well as cancer stem cell properties. In this study, we found that MTA1 was enriched in CNE1/CDDP cells. Knock down of MTA1 in CNE1/CDDP cells reversed CSCs properties and CDDP resistance. However, ectopic expression of MTA1 in CNE1 cells induced CSCs phenotypes and CDDP insensitivity. Interestingly, ectopic overexpression of MTA1-induced CSCs properties and CDDP resistance were reversed in CNE1 cells after inhibition of PI3K/Akt by LY294002. In addition, MTA1 expression and Akt activity in CNE1/CDDP cells was much higher than that in CNE1 cells. These results suggested that MTA1 may play a critical role in promoting CDDP resistance in NPC cells by regulatingcancer stem cell properties via thePI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Our findings suggested that MTA1 may be a potential target for overcoming CDDP resistance in NPC therapy.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.137-143
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• 2016

Hair is a dermal adjunctive organ that protects the body from external physical and chemical stimuli; hair undergoes anagen, catagen, and telogen phases, with hair-loss occurring during the telogen phase. Alopecia is a condition wherein a person undergoes hair-loss far exceeding the normal amount, owing to diverse external factors. Wild beans are rich in isoflavone and amino acids known to prevent hair-loss; compared to cultivated beans, many wild bean species have higher protein content. This study aimed to develop a hair growth promoting solution, with superior hair growth promoting effects and fewer side effects, using naturally obtained Glycine soja Siebold et Zucc (GSSZ) extracts. Seven-week-old C57BL/6N male mice were classified into different experimental groups. Hair growth was observed in GSSZ-treated mice, and compared against that seen in 3 % minoxidil (MXD, positive control)-treated mice. Visual observations revealed a greater reduction in hair-loss in MXD and GSSZ application groups, compared to that in TXN group (hair loss induction using 1 % testosterone). Evaluation using an image analysis software revealed that compared to the positive control, TXN + GSSZ group showed the highest hair growth. TXN + MXD and control groups exhibited similar follicular cell growth, while the hair growth promotion patterns were similar in the negative control (normal), TXN + GSSZ, and TXN groups, as observed via histological analysis. GSSZ did not induce cytotoxicity (even at 2 mg/mL) in keratinocytes and dermal papilla cells; alternately, dermal papilla cell proliferation was activated in a (GSSZ) concentration-dependent manner. Therefore, the GSSZ extract promoted hair growth and increased hair growth-related cell activity, and could therefore be utilized in alopecia treatment.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.119-129
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• 2021

Bladder cancer is one of the most common types of cancer. Most gene mutations related to bladder cancer are dominantly acquired gene mutations and are not inherited. Previous comparative transcriptome analysis of urinary bladder cancer and control samples has revealed a set of genes that may play a role in tumor progression. Here we set out to investigate further the expression of two candidate genes, centromere protein U (CENPU) and mitochondrial ribosomal protein s28 (MRPS28) to better understand their role in bladder cancer pathogenesis. Our results confirmed that CENPU is up-regulated in human bladder cancer tissues at mRNA and protein levels. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function studies in T24 human urinary bladder cancer cell line revealed a hierarchical relationship between CENPU and MRPS28 in the regulation of cell viability, migration and invasion activity. CENPU expression was also up-regulated in in vivo nude mice xenograft model of bladder cancer and mice overexpressing CENPU had significantly higher tumor volume. In summary, our findings identify CENPU and MRPS28 in the molecular pathogenesis of bladder cancer and suggest that CENPU enhances the progression of bladder cancer by promoting MRPS28 expression.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.215-223
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• 2000

To understand immunopharmacologic effects on Cervi Pantotrichum Cornu, Morindae Officinalis Radix, Cistanches Herba, Curculginis Rhizoma, Epimedii Herba, Eucommiae Cortex, we investigated chinese experimental documents, and we could reach conclusions as follows : 1. The effects on cell-mediated immune system were as follows. 1) The effects on macrophage (1) The herbal medicines promoting to increase the number of WBC in the peripheral blood were Morindae Officinalis Radix, Epimedii Herba and that promoting to reinforce the phagocytic functions of neutrophil was Curculginis Rhizoma. (2) The herbal medicines promoting the phagocytic functions of mononuclear, macrophage were Cervi Pantotrichum Cornu, Cistanches Herba, Eucommiae Cortex. 2) The herbal medicines stimulating the activities of T lymphocytes were Cervi Pantotrichum Cornu, Curculginis Rhizoma, Epimedii Herba, Eucommiae Cortex. 2. The effects on humoral immune system were as follows. 1) The herbal medicines increasing the activity of complement receptor were Cervi Pantotrichum Cornu, Curculginis Rhizoma. 2) The herbal medicines reinforcing immunity of spleen cells were Cervi Pantotrichum Cornu, Cistanches Herba, Epimedii Herba. 3) The herbal medicines promoting proliferation of spleen cells that produce antibody after having been immunized by SRBC were Cervi Pantotrichum Cornu, Cistanches Herba, Epimedii Herba. 3. The herbal medicines, reinforcing immunity on delayed type hypersensitivity were Cervi Pantotrichum Cornu, Cistanches Herba, Eucommiae Cortex. As you know in the many bibliological documents, the studies on the effects of Drugs for Tonifying Yang were started along right lines. Recently the studies on those were accomplished more rapidly and applied many immune diseases. We thought that Drugs for Tonifying Yang could be important immunopotentiators. Therefore we can apply those herbal medicines not only to immune diseases but also inflammatory diseases, senile infirmity and all sorts of tumor.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.374-379
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• 2017

Hair loss affects interpersonal relationships and causes psychological stress. In this study, we investigated the antioxidant activity of Cynanchi Wilfordii Radix (CWR) and its effects on dermal papilla (DP) cells. Antioxidant efficacy was examined by ABTS assay. To confirm the effect on cell activity, MTS assay was performed and cell count was directly measured by hemocytometer. The mRNA expression of genes involved in hair formation and hair loss formation was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR. CWR has a strong antioxidant activity. Cell viability of DP cells was increased to 118.5% by treatment of 0.5 mg/ml CWR for 24 hours, but the effect on the cell number was insignificant. These results suggest that CWR increases mitochondrial activity without promoting cell proliferation. Treatment of DP cells with 0.5 mg/ml CWR resulted in 48.5% reduction of mRNA expression of type 2 $5{\alpha}$-reductase, a major cause of male hair loss. In addition, mRNA expression of bone morphogenetic pretein (BMP), fibroblast growth factor (FGF)7, and FGF10, which are closely related to hair growth, was also decreased. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) acts as a cause of hair loss. The excellent antioxidant efficacy of CWR is thought to be able to effectively remove ROS. The dihydrotestosterone produced by type 2 $5{\alpha}$-reductase in DP cells is a potent inducer of male pattern hair loss. The inhibitory effect of type 2 $5{\alpha}$-reductase mRNA on DP cells induced by CWR may induce a positive therapeutic effect of male pattern hair loss.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.17-21
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• 2004

경작지 근권토양에서 식물생장촉진물질인 auxin라 항진균물질을 동시에 생산하는 농업용 미생물제제로 사용할 PGPR 균주를 선발하고 동정하였다. 경북 경산 일대의 다수확 밭토양의 근권토양에서 균주를 선발하고 그 중 auxin 생산성이 높은 2균주 K36, N21를 분리하였다. 이들 균주를 동정한 결과 K36은 Pantoea agglomerans이고 N21은 Pseudomonans fulva로 동정되었다. 선발된 균주의 식물생장촉진능을 in vivo 녹두발아촉진검사법으로 확인하였으며, 식물병원진균에 대한 길항력을 확인하였다. 배양조건에 따른 auxin 생산성을 조사한 결과 K36 균주는 $pH\;7.5,\;35^{\circ}C$, 37시간에서 최대로 나타났고, N21균주는 $pH\;7.5,\;35^{\circ}C$, 20시간에서 최대값을 나타내었다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.12-29
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• 2006

Background and Aims : Even though various strategies for cancer treatment have advanced with the remarkable development of genomic information and technology, it is far from giving relief to cancer patients. Recently there is accumulating evidence that the immune system is closely connected to anti-tumor defense mechanisms in a multistage process. This includes tumorigenesis, invasion, growth and metastasis. Cordyceps Militaris, a well-known oriental herbal medicine, is a parasitic fungus that has been used as an immune enhancing agent for a long period of time. However, little is known about the cancer-related immunomodulatory effects and anti-tumor activities. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of Cordyceps Militaris extract (CME) on immune modulating and anti-tumor activity. Materials and Methods : To elucidate the effects of CME on macrophage and natural killer (NK) cell activity, we analyzed nitric oxide (NO) production, NK cytotoxicity and gene expression of cytokines related with macrophages and NK cell activity. Results and Conclusions : CME activated and promoted macrophage production of NO. It also enhanced gene expression of IL-1 and iNOS in RAW 264.7 cells. CME promoted cytotoxicity of NK cells against YAC-1 cells and enhanced NK cell related gene expression such as IL-1, IL-2, IL-12, iNOS, IFN-${\gamma}$ and　TNF-${\alpha}$ in mice splenocytes. It also Promoted protein expression of IL-10, IL-12, IFN-${\gamma}$ and TNF-${\alpha}$ in mice splenocytes and inhibited lung tumor metastasis induced by CT-26 cell line compared with the control group. From these results, it could be concluded that CME is an effective herbal drug for modulating the immune system and anti-cancer treatment by promoting macrophage and NK cell activity.