• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2016년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.199-199
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• 2016

Commercially pure titanium (cp-Ti) and Ti alloys (typically Ti-6Al-4V) display excellent corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. Although the chemical composition and topography are considered important, the mechanical properties of the material and the loading conditions in the host have, conventionally. Ti and its alloys are not bioactive. Therefore, they do not chemically bond to the bone, whereas they physically bond with bone tissue. The electrochemical deposition process provides an effective surface for biocompatibility because large surface area can be served to cell proliferation. Electrochemical deposition method is an attractive technique for the deposition of hydroxyapatite (HAp). However, the adhesions of these coatings to the Ti surface needs to be improved for clinical used. Plasma electrolyte oxidation (PEO) enables control in the chemical com position, porous structure, and thickness of the $TiO_2$ layer on Ti surface. In addition, previous studies h ave concluded that the presence of $Ca^{+2}$ and ${PO_4}^{3-}$ ion coating on porous $TiO_2$ surface induced adhesion strength between HAp and Ti surface during electrochemical deposition. Silicon (Si) in particular has been found to be essential for normal bone and cartilage growth and development. Zinc (Zn) plays very important roles in bone formation and immune system regulation, and is also the most abundant trace element in bone. The objective of this work was to study electrochemical characteristcs of Zn and Si coating on Ti-6Al-4V by PEO treatment. The coating process involves two steps: 1) formation of porous $TiO_2$ on Ti-6Al-4V at high potential. A pulsed DC power supply was employed. 2) Electrochemical tests were carried out using potentiodynamic and AC impedance methoeds. The morphology, the chemical composition, and the micro-structure an alysis of the sample were examined using FE-SEM, EDS, and XRD. The enhancements of the HAp forming ability arise from $Si/Zn-TiO_2$ surface, which has formed the reduction of the Si/Zn ions. The promising results successfully demonstrate the immense potential of $Si/Zn-TiO_2$ coatings in dental and biomaterials applications.

• BMB Reports
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• 제53권9호
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• pp.478-483
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• 2020

Kudoa septempunctata is a myxozoan parasite that causes food poisoning in individuals consuming olive flounder. The present study aimed to investigate the currently insufficiently elucidated early molecular mechanisms of inflammatory responses in the intestine owing to parasite ingestion. After Kudoa spores were isolated from olive flounder, HT29 cells were exposed to spores identified to be alive using SYTO-9 and propidium iodide staining or to antigens of Kudoa spores (KsAg). IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α and NFKB1 expression and NF-κB activation were assessed using real-time PCR, cytokine array and western blotting. The immunofluorescence of FITC-conjugated lectins, results of ligand binding assays using Mincle-Fc and IgG-Fc, CLEC4E expressions in response to KsAg stimulation, and Mincle-dependent NF-κB activation were assessed to clarify the early immune-triggering mechanism. Inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, GM-CSF and TNF-α), chemokines (IL-8, CCL2, CCL5 and CXCL1) and NF-κB activation (pNF-κB/NF-κB) in HT29 cells increased following stimulation by KsAg. The immunofluorescence results of spores and lectins (concanavalin A and wheat germ agglutinin) suggested the importance of Mincle in molecular recognition between Kudoa spores and intestinal cells. Practically, data for Mincle-Fc and KsAg binding affinity, CLEC4E mRNA expression, Mincle immunofluorescence staining and hMincle-dependent NF-κB activation demonstrated the involvement of Mincle in the early immune-triggering mechanism. The present study newly elucidated that the molecular recognition and immune-triggering mechanism of K. septempunctata are associated with Mincle on human intestinal epithelial cells.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제29권10호
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• pp.1289-1295
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• 2000

Purpose : Recent evidence suggests a possible role for leukocytes in brain injury following ischemia and reperfusion. This study examined the temporal profile of ischemic tissue damage and leukocyte response after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) with reperfusion in the mouse. Methods : Focal cerebral ischemia was made by temporary occluding of the stem of the proximal MCA. Two groups of the mouse were investigated : (1) sham operation(n＝10), and (2)those having the arterial occlusion released after 90 minute(n＝20). By 4 hours(n＝10) and 24 hours(n＝10) after the onset of ischemia-reperfusion, fluorescein videoimages were under-taken in the pial venules of the mouse using a closed cranial window technique. Rhodamine 6G was administered as a $80-100{\mu}l/min$ i.v. loading dose and a $30-40{\mu}l/min$ i.v. maintenance dose in saline to selectively label circulating leukocytes. Neuropathologic evaluation for brain injury was accomplished using the histochemical stain 2,3,5-triphen-yltetrazolium chloride(TTC) and hematoxylin and eosin(H & E) stain. Results : The mean number of adherent leukocytes to cerebral venules in the 90 minutes MCAO and 24 hours reperfusion group were $306{\pm}24$ compared with $72{\pm}8$ in the sham operation group. In the TTC staining method, the cortical infarct affecting 34.8% of hemispheric volume were created in all of animals (n＝10) undergoing 90 minute MCAO with 24 hours reperfusion, but the infarcted area were not found in the other(sham operation and 90 minute MCAO with 4 hours reperfusion)groups. In the H & E stain, the brain tissue following 90 minute MCAO with 4 hours reperfusion revealed only a pyknosis of the nuclei with shrunken cytoplasm, but infiltrated leukocytes were not observed. After 24 hours of reperfusion, a many leukocytes were infiltrated within parenchyma and blood vessles. Conclusions : These findings demonstrate the feasiblity of continous in vivo monitoring of leukocyte adherence in cerebral venules and suggest that reperfusion induced leukocyte adherence to venular endothelium may contribute to tissue injury following focal cerebral ischemia.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.245-249
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• 2007

노화 과정 중에 일어나는 extracellular matrix (ECM)의 변성은 피부의 주름과 탄력 감소를 유발한다. 현재까지 항노화의 주요 타겟은 metalloproteases 혹은 콜라겐이나 엘라스틴 같은 구조 단백질에 집중되어 있지만, 최근 세포와 ECM 단백질(콜라겐, 피브릴린, 파이브로넥틴) 간의 상호작용이 세포의 생존과 증식, 조직의 재건에 중요한 역할을 한다고 알려졌다. 파이브로넥틴은 다른 ECM 단백질이나 인테그린 같은 세포 표면 수용체와 결합할 수 있는 부위를 가진 부착 단백질이다. 최근 보고에 따르면 세린 프로티아제들에 의해 분해된 파이프로넥틴 조각이 골아세포에서 MMPs 발현을 증가시킨다. 그러나 파이브로넥틴 조각의 사람 피부에서의 역할은 보고된 바 없다. 본 연구에서는 노인의 피부에서 파이브로넥틴 조각이 현저히 증가되어 있으며, 섬유아세포에 파이브로넥틴 조각을 처리하였을 시, MMP-1의 발현과 MMP-2의 활성이 증가한다는 것을 입증하였다. 이 결과는 파이브로넥틴 조각이 피부 노화를 유발하는 새로운 인자일 가능성을 제시하고 있다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.15-27
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of Ulmus davidiana Planch herbal acupuncture(UA) to inhibit nuclear $factor(NF)-{\kappa}B$ activation on type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice. Methods : Using an in vitro test, the synoviocytes picked out from the experimental CIA mice were subcultured. The synoviocyte cells were treated with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate(PMA) for 1 hour prior to the addition of indicated concentrations($0.4\;-\;1.0mg/m{\ell}$) of UA, and the cells were further incubated for 24 hours. The in vivo test, $NF-{\kappa}B$ p65, inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2), vascular cell adhesion molecule(VCAM)-1 production and apoptosis was observed by immunohistochemical staining. Results : The PMA-induced $I{\kappa}B$ kinase(IKK), iNOS and COX-2 mRNA expression were dose-dependently decreased in UA treated synoviocytes. Using the in vivo test, the number of eosinophils in mice treated with UA noticeably decreased in the the CIA group(P<0.05 using student t test). In mice treated with UA, there was less cartilage erosion. less bone destruction, mild synovial hyperplasia, mild fibrosis, and mild angiogenesis with less MIP-2 production. By immunohistochemical staining, suppression of $NF-{\kappa}B$ p65, iNOS production, inhibition of COX-2 production, inhibition of VCAM-1 production and inducing apoptosis were observed. Conclusions : These results suggest that UA might be applicable to the therapy of RA to suppress $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제41권
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• pp.52.1-52.8
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• 2019

Background: A compact passive oxide layer can grow on tantalum (Ta). It has been reported that this oxide layer can facilitate bone ingrowth in vivo though the development of bone-like apatite, which promotes hard and soft tissue adhesion. Thus, Ta surface treatment on facial implant materials may improve the tissue response, which could result in less fibrotic encapsulation and make the implant more stable on the bone surface. The purposes of this study were to verify whether surface treatment of facial implant materials using Ta can improve the biohistobiological response and to determine the possibility of potential clinical applications. Methods: Two different and commonly used implant materials, silicone and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE), were treated via Ta ion implantation using a Ta sputtering gun. Ta-treated samples were compared with untreated samples using in vitro and in vivo evaluations. Osteoblast (MG-63) and fibroblast (NIH3T3) cell viability with the Ta-treated implant material was assessed, and the tissue response was observed by placing the implants over the rat calvarium (n = 48) for two different lengths of time. Foreign body and inflammatory reactions were observed, and soft tissue thickness between the calvarium and the implant as well as the bone response was measured. Results: The treatment of facial implant materials using Ta showed a tendency toward increased fibroblast and osteoblast viability, although this result was not statistically significant. During the in vivo study, both Ta-treated and untreated implants showed similar foreign body reactions. However, the Ta-treated implant materials (silicone and ePTFE) showed a tendency toward better histological features: lower soft tissue thickness between the implant and the underlying calvarium as well as an increase in new bone activity. Conclusion: Ta surface treatment using ion implantation on silicone and ePTFE facial implant materials showed the possibility of reducing soft tissue intervention between the calvarium and the implant to make the implant more stable on the bone surface. Although no statistically significant improvement was observed, Ta treatment revealed a tendency toward an improved biohistological response of silicone and ePTFE facial implants. Conclusively, tantalum treatment is beneficial and has the potential for clinical applications.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.1715-1720
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• 2013

Background: The discovery that microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate proliferation, invasion and metastasis provides a principal molecular basis of tumor heterogeneity. Microvessel distribution is an important characteristic of solid tumors, with significant hypoxia occurring in the center of tumors with low blood flow. The distribution of miR-374a in breast tumors was examined as a factor likely to be important in breast cancer progression. Methods: Breast tissue samples from 40 patients with breast cancer were classified into two groups: a highly invasive and metastatic group (HIMG) and a low-invasive and metastatic Group (LIMG). Samples were collected from the center and edge of each tumor. In each group, six specimens were examined by microRNA array, and the remaining 14 specimens were used for real-time RT-qPCR, Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses. Correlation analysis was performed for the miRNAs and target proteins. Follow-up was carried out during 28 months to 68 months after surgery, and survival data were analyzed. Results: In the LIMG, the relative content of miR-374a was lower in the center of the tumor than at its edge; in the HIMG, it was lower at the edge of the tumor, and miR-374a levels were lower in breast cancer tissues than in normal tissues. There was no difference between VEGF-A and VCAM-1 mRNA levels at the edge and center of the tumor; however, we observed a significant difference between VEGF-A and VCAM-1 protein expression levels in these two regions. There was a negative correlation between miR-374a and target protein levels. The microvessel density (MVD) was lower in the center of the tumor than at its edge in HIMG, but the LIMG vessels were uniformly distributed. There was a significant positive correlation between MVD and the number of lymph node metastases (Pearson correlation, r=0.912, P<0.01). The median follow-up time was 48.5 months. LIMG had higher rate of disease-free survival (100%, P=0.013) and longer median survival time (66 months) than HIMG, which had a lower rate of 75% and shorter median survival time (54 months). Conclusions: Our data demonstrated miR-374a to be differentially distributed in breast cancer; VEGF-A and VCAM-1 mRNA had coincident distribution, and the distribution of teh respective proteins was uneven and opposite to that for the miR-374a. These data might explain the differences in the distribution of MVD in breast cancer and variation in breast cancer prognosis.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.12-19
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 김치에서 분리한 우점유산균인 Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11352P(LPpnu)와 Leuconostoc mesenteroides KCCM 11353P(LMpnu)의 프로바이오틱 효과를 프로바이오틱 효과가 높기로 잘 알려진 Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG(LRgg)의 효능과 비교하여 확인하였다. 그 결과 LPpnu는 Lab. rhamnosus GG(LRgg)보다 프로바이오틱 효과가 더 뛰어났으며, LMpnu 또한 LRgg와 거의 유사한 수준의 효능을 나타냈다. LPpnu와 LMpnu는 모두 내산, 내담즙성, 장 부착능, 열 안정성의 프로바이오틱의 기본 특성을 가지고 있었으며, 특히 LPpnu는 가장 높은 프로바이오틱 효과를 나타냈다. 또한 LMpnu 및 LRgg와 비교했을 때 LPpnu는 DPPH radical과 hydroxyl radical 소거능 측정에서 더 높은 항산화능을 보였고, Bcl-2 유전자 발현억제와 Bax 유전자 발현 증가를 통해 apoptosis를 유도함으로써 HT-29 human colon cancer cell에서 높은 암세포 성장 저해 효과를 나타냈다. 이를 통해 김치유래 LPpnu와 LMpnu는 프로바이오틱으로서 이용 가능성이 충분하다고 판단되며, 특히 LPpnu는 항산화 및 항암 활성에 뛰어난 효능을 나타내었기에 중요한 프로바이오틱 균주라고 하겠다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.73-82
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• 2008

치아우식은 주로 mutans streptococci에 의해 야기되는 감염성 질환으로서 주 원인균에는 streptococcus mutans가 있다. S. mutans가 치아우식을 유발하는 분자 생물학적 기전은 몇 가지 단계를 포함한다. 먼저 S. mutans는 AgI/II와 같은 세포 표면의 섬유성 단백질을 매개로 치면의 타액성 피막에 일차적으로 부착한다. 두번째 단계에서 자당의 존재하에 glucosyltransferase(GTF)는 glucan과 같은 다당체를 합성하게 된다. 마지막으로 이렇게 합성된 glucan은 glucan binding proteins와 상호작용하여 치면세균막을 형성해서 세균의 군집화를 가능하게 한다. 많은 실험과 임상연구에서 S. mutans의 주요 항원(Ag I/II, GTFs, GBPs)들이 치아우식 병리기전에 영향을 준다고 알려져 왔고, 따라서 이런 항원들이 면역계에 작용하여 치아우식을 막는 백신으로 이용 가능하다. 본 실험은 streptococcus mutans GS-5로부터, GTFb, GTFc, GTFd 유전자를 복제하고 염기서열분석을 하였으며, 이중 GTFd가 먼저 재조합 단백질 생산을 위해 발현 벡터에 클로닝 되었으며, 이로부터 단백질이 발현됨을 확인하였다. 이번 실험에서 얻은 순수 GTF 항원은 동물실험을 통해 특정 GTF 활성부위에 대한 항체 생산에 이용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국해양바이오학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.58-70
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• 2015

Injectable RGD-bioconjugated Mussel Adhesive Proteins (RGD-MAPs) composite hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) hydrogels provide local periodontal tissue for bone filling in periodontal surgery. Previously we developed a novel type of injectable self-supported hydrogel (2 mg/ml of RGD-MAPs/HPMC) based porcine nano hydroxyapatite (MPH) for dental graft, which could good handling property, biodegradation or biocompatibility with the hydrogel disassembly and provided efficient cell adhesion activity and no inflammatory responses. Herein, the aim of this work was to evaluate bone formation following implantation of MPH and collagen membrane in rabbit calvarial defects. Eight male New Zealand rabbits were used and four circular calvarial defects were created on each animal. Defects were filled with different graft materials: 1) collagen membrane, 2) collagen membrane with MPH, 3) collagen membrane with bovine bone hydroxyapatite (BBH), and 4) control. The animals were sacrificed after 2 and 8 weeks of healing periods for histologic analysis. Both sites receiving MPH and BBH showed statistically increased augmented volume and new bone formation (p < 0.05). However, there was no statistical difference in new bone formation between the MPH, BBH and collagen membrane group at all healing periods. Within the limits of this study, collagen membrane with MPH was an effective material for bone formation and space maintaining in rabbit calvarial defects.