• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.514-517
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• 2002

We investigated response characteristics of twisted nematic (TN) cell with different nematic liquid crystals (NLCs) and cell gap d on a rubbed polyimide (PI) surface. High transmittance and fast response time of the TN cell on the rubbed PI surface were achieved by using high birefringence (${\Delta}n$) and low cell gap d. The response time of TN cell on the rubbed PI surface was measured 5.1 ms. The transmittance and response time of the TN cell on the rubbed PI surface decreased with decreasing ${\Delta}nd$.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.808-811
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• 2002

We investigated response characteristics of twisted nematic (TN) cell with different nematic liquid crystals (NLCs) and cell gap d on a rubbed polyimide (PI) surface. High transmittance and fast response time of the TN cell on the rubbed PI surface were achieved by using high birefringence (Δn) and low cell gap d. The response time of TN cell on the rubbed PI surface was measured 5.1 ms. The transmittance and response time of the TN cell on the rubbed PI surface decreased with decreasing Δnd.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.173-178
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• 2007

Background: We studied the role for expression of CD40 and CD40L by CD4 and CD8 T cells in the generation of CD8 T cell response to minor histocompatibility antigen, H60. H60 is a cellular antigen to which CD8 responses require CD4 T cell help. Methods: CD40- or CD40L-deficient mice were adoptively transferred with normal CD4 or CD8 T cells or with memory CD4 or CD8 T cells, and were immunized with male H60 congenic splenocytes to induce CD8 T cell response to H60. Peripheral blood CD8 T cell from the immunized mice were stained with the H60 tetramer. Results: CD8 T cell response to H60 was not induced in both CD40- and CD40L-deficient mice. Adoptive transfer of $CD40^{+/+}$ CD8 T cells into CD40-deficient mice did not compensate the defect in inducing CD8 T cell response to H60, while the H60-specific CD8 T cells were activated in the CD40-deficient mice that were adoptively transferred with $CD40^{+/+}$ CD4 T cells. Adoptive transfer of $CD40L^{+/+}$ CD4 T cells into CD40L-deficient mice induced primary CD8 T cell response for H60 and the presence of $CD40L^{+/+}$ CD4 T cells was required even for memory CD8 T cells response to H60. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the CD40-CD40L interaction mediates the delivery of CD4 T cell help to naive and memory H60-specific CD8 T cells. While the expression of CD40L by CD4 T cells is essential, signaling through CD40 on CD8 T cells is not required for the induction of CD8 T cell response to H60.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.99-101
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• 2005

Host cell death occurs during many, but not all, interactions between plants and the pathogens that infect them. This cell death can be associated with disease resistance or susceptibility, depending on the nature of the pathogen. The most well-known cell death response in plants is the hypersensitive response (HR) associated with a resistance response. HR is commonly regulated by direct or indirect interactions between avirulence proteins from pathogen and resistance proteins from plant and it can be the result of multiple signaling pathways. Ion fluxes and the generation of reactive oxygen species commonly precede cell death, but a direct involvement of the latter seems to vary with the plant-pathogen combination. Exciting advances have been made in the identification of cellular protective components and cell death suppressors that might operate in HR. In this review, recent progress in the mechanisms by which plant programmed cell death (PCD) occurs during disease resistance will be discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.498-501
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• 2003

We investigated response characteristics of twisted nematic (TN) cell with different nematic liquid crystals (NLCs) and cell gap d on a rubbed polyimide (PI) surface. High transmittance and fast response time of the TN cell on the rubbed PI surface were achieved by using high birefringence (${\Delta}n$) and low cell gap d. The transmittance and response time of the TN cell on the rubbed PI surface decreased with decreasing ${\Delta}nd$. The fast response time of TN cell using high birefringence with ${\Delta}nd=0.363$ on the rubbed PI surface was measured 5.1 ms.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.549-552
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• 1999

We have developed an novel vertical-alignment (VA) - $\pi$ cell mode that provides a wide viewing angle and fast response times for negative dielectric anisotropy nematic liquid crystal (NLC) on a homeotropic polyimide (PI) surfaces. We had the good voltage-transmittance curves and low driving voltages were achieved with the novel VA - $\pi$ cell mode without negative compensation film. Iso-viewing angle characteristics using the novel VA - $\pi$ cell mode without negative compensation film of NLC was also successfully observed. As well a fast response time of 31.7ms for the novel VA - $\pi$ cell mode was measured. Consequently, It is seen that by using the novel VA - $\pi$ cell mode the iso-viewing angle, fast response time, and low driving voltage characteristics can be achieved.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.173-180
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• 2011

Recent trends in generating multiple, large-scale datasets provide new challenges to manipulating the relationship of different types of components, such as gene expression and drug response data. Integrative analysis of compound response and gene expression datasets generates an opportunity to capture the possible mechanism of compounds by using signature genes on diverse types of cancer cell lines. Here, we integrated datasets of compound response and gene expression profiles on NCI60 cell lines and constructed a network, revealing the relationship for 801 compounds and 341 gene probes. As examples, obtusol, which shows an exclusive sensitivity on a small number of colon cell lines, is related to a set of gene probes that have unique overexpression in colon cell lines. We also found that the SLC7A11 gene, a direct target of miR-26b, might be a key element in understanding the action of many diverse classes of anticancer compounds. We demonstrated that this network might be useful for studying the mechanisms of varied compound response on diverse cancer cell lines.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.510-513
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• 2004

This paper represents the response surface model for the cell gap on the flexible liquid crystal display (LCD) process. Using response surface methodology (RSM). D-optimal design is carried out to build the design space and the cell gap is characterized by the quadratic model. The statistical analysis is used to verify the response surface model. This modeling technique can predict the characteristics of the desired response, cell gap, varying with process conditions.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.118-125
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• 2012

CD40-CD40L-mediated help from CD4 T cells is essential to induce primary CD8 T cell responses specific to the non-inflammatory cell-based antigen H60. In this study, using H60 as a model antigen, we generated recombinant vaccinia viruses (rVVs) expressing the H60 CD8 epitope and investigated whether CD4 help was required to activate the CD8 T cell response specific to the virally expressed H60. The immune response after infection with rVVs expressing H60 was similar to that after immunization with H60 congenic splenocytes, with a peak frequency of H60-specific CD8 T cells detected in the blood on day 10 post-infection. A CD8 T cell response specific for virally derived H60 was not induced in CD4-depleted mice, but was in CD40-deficient mice. These results provide insights into the characterization of the CD8 T cell response specifically for antigens originating from cellular sources compared to viral sources.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.389-398
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• 1999

In the biological immunity, the immune system of organisms regulates the antibody and T-cells to protect the attack from the foreign materials which are virus, germ cell, and other antigens, and supports their stable state. It has similar characteristics that has the adaptation and robustness to overcome disturbances and to control the plant of engineering application. In this paper, we build a model of the T-cell regulated immune response mechanism. We have also designed an immune response controller(IRC) focusing on the T-cell regulated immune response of the biological immune system that include both a help part to control the response and a suppress part to adjust system stabilization effect. We show some computer simulation to control the vibration of building structure system with strong wind forces excitation also demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed controller for applying a practical system even with existing nonlinear terms.