• 대한수의학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.53-60
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• 1987

This experiment was performed on mice to investigate the effects of an immunopotentiator, picibanil(PC), on the immune responses such as phagocytic activity of reticuloen-dothelial(RE) system, E rosette formation rate of splenic lmphocytes and morphological changes of lymph node tissue. Groups of mice were treated with a single(1KE/kg BW) or sequential(0.1, 0.25 and 0.5KE/kg BW for successive 3 days) intravenous injections of PC. PC treated and untreated control mice were sensitized with 50% sheep erythrocyte suspension(0.2ml/mouse) at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 days after PC treatment. Functional and morphological examinations were carried out 5 days after sensitization. The following results were obtained: The phagocytic activity of RE system and the weight of liver and spleen were increased significantly at 3rd, 5th and 7th day. The peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocyte and percent of lymphocyte and monocyte were slightly increased. The rates of E rosette formation of splenic lymphotytes, sequential PC treated groups were more increased at 3rd and 5th day in sequential PC treated groups than in single treated groups. Thereafter it returned gradually to the control level by the time of 10th day. Microscopically primary lymph follicles with indistinct germinal center (GC) were partially disrupted and the parafollicular areas were consisted of the pyroninophilic cells in control group. In PC treated group, the parafollicular areas were markedly proliferated and developments of secondary lymph follicles with enlarged and prominent GC were more pronounced in the sequential injected groups compared to single injected groups. These results indicate that PC affected not only parafollicular area of the T-cell area, but also GC of the B-cell area. It suggests that PC may potentiate both cell mediated immunity and humoral immunity.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.76-80
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• 2010

Although autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been thought to have a substantial genetic background, major contributing genes have yet to be identified or successfully replicated. Immunological dysfunction has been suggested to be associated with ASD, and T cell-mediated immunity was considered important for the development of ASD. In this study, we analyzed 163 ASD subjects and 97 normal controls by genomic quantitative PCR to evaluate the association between the copy number variation of the 7q34 locus, harboring the TCRB gene, and ASDs. As a result, there was no significant difference of the frequency distribution of TCRB copy numbers between ASD cases and normal controls. TCRB gene copy numbers ranged from 0 to 5 copies, and the frequency distribution of each copy number was similar between the two groups. The proportion of the individuals with <2 copies of TCRB was 52.8% (86/163) in ASD cases and 57.1% (52/91) in the control group (p=0.44). The proportion of individuals with >2 copies of TCRB was 11.7% (19/163) in ASD cases and 12.1% (11/91) in the control group (p=0.68). After the effects of sex were adjusted by logistic regression, ORs for individuals with <2 copies or >2 copies showed no significant difference compared with the diploid copy number as reference (n=2). Although we could not see the positive association, our results will be valuable information for mining ASD-associated genes and for exploring the role of T cell immunity further in the pathogenesis of ASD.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.903-914
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• 2022

Probiotics are currently considered as one of tools to modulate immune responses under specific clinical conditions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether oral administration of three different probiotics (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CJLP243, CJW55-10, and CJLP475) could evoke a cell-mediated immunity in immunodeficient mice. Before conducting in vivo experiments, we examined the in vitro potency of these probiotics for macrophage activation. After co-culture with these probiotics, bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs) produced significant amounts of proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) and co-stimulatory molecules (CD80 and CD86) were also upregulated in BMDMs after treatment with some of these probiotics. To establish an immunocompromised animal model, we intraperitoneally injected mice with cyclophosphamide on day 0 and again on day 2. Starting day 3, we orally administered probiotics every day for the last 15 d. After sacrificing experimental mice on day 18, splenocytes were isolated and co-cultured with these probiotics for 3 d to measure levels of several cytokines and immune cell proliferation. Results clearly indicated that the consumption of all three probiotic strains promoted secretion of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α. NK cell cytotoxicity and proliferation of immune cells were also increased. Taken together, our data strongly suggest that consumption of some probiotics might induce cell-mediated immune responses in immunocompromised mice.

• 생약학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.307-316
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• 1990

This study was undertaken to test the effects of Daturae Flos(DF) and Daturae Semen(DS) on the cellular and humoral immune responses, and the functions of the cells involved in immunoinflammation. Both extracts decreased the activity of superoxide dismutase, and the decrease was greater in the mouse group which was treated with DS. Both extracts decreased the phagocytic activity as measured by assessing the number of the latex particle within the phagocyte after incubation of peritoneal macrophages with fluorochrome-labelled latex particle and decreased natural killer cell activity as measured by enumerating the viable YAC-1 cells after treatment of target cells with splenic natural killer cells. Both extracts also decreased the cell-mediated immunity in vivo as assessed by measuring the ear thickness after sensitization and challenge with dinitrofluorobenzene, however, had no effects on the humoral immune responses as measured by checking hemolysin and hemagglutinin titers after immunization with sheep red blood cells(SRBC). Extracts of Semen caused decrease in the number of rosette forming cells between the splenic cells and SRBC. The results of this study suggested that both Daturae extracts could depress the immunoinflammation by affecting the various cell types involved in inflammation.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.293-301
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• 2019

Combination chemotherapy is more effective than mono-chemotherapy and is widely used in clinical practice for enhanced cancer treatment. In this study, we investigated the potential synergistic effects of acetaminophen, a common component in many cold medicines, and romidepsin, a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, in the A549 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line. The combination of acetaminophen and romidepsin also exerted significant cytotoxicity and apoptosis induced by activation of caspase-3 on tumor cells in vitro. Moreover, combination therapy significantly induced increased production of chemokines that stimulate migration of activated T-cells into tumor cells. This mechanism can lead to active T-cell mediated anti-tumor immunity in addition to the direct cytotoxic chemotherapeutic effect. Activated T-cells led to enhanced cytotoxicity in drug-treated A549 cells through interaction with tumor cells. These results suggested that the interaction between the two drugs is synergistic and significant. In conclusion, our data showed that the use of romidepsin and low concentrations acetaminophen could induce effective anti-tumor effects via enhanced tumor immune and direct cytotoxic chemotherapeutic responses. The combination of acetaminophen with romidepsin should be considered as a promising strategy for the treatment of lung cancer.

• 동국한의학연구소논문집
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.99-107
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• 1998

본 실험은 cyclosporin A(CsA)에 의한 시간의 경과에 따른 림프절에서의 세포성 면역억제를 조사하기 위해서 시행된 것으로 BALB/C계 생쥐에 10일동안 CsA(45mg/kg/day) 투여 후 림프절에서의 T 림프구, IL-2 수용기 그리고 자연살해(NK)세포의 분포 변화를 관찰하였다. 대조군의 림프절에서는 L3T4(CD4)에 양성반응을 보이는 도움 T림프구, Ly2(CD8)에 양성반응을 보이는 세포독성 T 림프구 그리고 CD25R에 양성반응을 보이는 IL-2 수용기를 가진 세포는 곁피질(paracortex)과 수질동(medullary sinus)에서 분포하였다. CsA 투여 후 처음 3일까지는 이들 양성반응세포의 분포 변화는 없었으며 양성반응성의 변화도 없었다. 그러나 CsA 투여 7일부터 양성반응 세포수의 감소와 양성반응성의 약화가 관찰되기 시작하였으며 이러한 변화는 시간이 경과하여 14일에 이르렀을 때 가장 큰 감소추세로 나타났다. 한편 NK1.1(CD56)에 양성반응을 보이는 자연살해세포는 피질과 수질에 분포하였으며 CsA 투여 후 시간의 경과에 따라 양성반응 세포수가 감소하였으며, 이러한 감소는 14일에서 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 미루어보아 CsA 투여는 림프절에서의 IL-2 분비저해를 통해 T 림프구와 NK세포의 활성을 차단하여 선택적이면서 효과적인 세포성 면역억제작용을 하고 있는 것으로 사료된다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.177-186
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• 1989

병원성이 강한 Naegleria fowleri ITMAP 359, 병원성이 약한 Naegleria jadini 0400, 비병원성인 Naegleria gruberi EGB를 ICR마우스에 각각 감염시켰을 때 세포매개 성 면역반응의 차이를 관찰하고 이들 아메바를 감염시킨 후 경과된 감염 시간에 따른 세포매개 성 면역반응과 혈청내 항체가의 변동을 관찰하였다. N. fowleri를 감염시킨 마우스의 사망률은 75.7%, N. jadini를 감염시킨 실험군에서는 6.2%, N. gruberi 감염에 의한 마우스의 사망은 전혀 관찰되지 않았다. 지연형 과민반응은 N. fowleri, 감염시에 감염 초부터 대조군에 비해 반응이 증가하였으나 7일 후에는 감소하였다. N. jadini 감염 시에도 감염 후 1일째부터 과민반응이 증가하였으며 감염기간이 지나갈수록 점차 감소하였다. 또 N. gruberi 감염시에는 대조군과 비교할 때 변화를 나타내지 않았다. 7림프구의 아세포화 정도는 N. fowleri 감염시 감염 10일 후 증가하였으나 대조군에 비해 유의한 차이는 없었다. N. jadini에 감염된 경우는 대조군과 차이가 없음을 알 수 있었고, N. gruberi 감염시에는 감염 후 감소하는 경향이 있었다. B림프구의 아세포화 정도는 N. fowleri 감염군, N. gadini 감염군 및 N. gruberi 감염군에서 대조군과 차이가 없었다. N. fowleri에 감염된 마우스의 혈청내 항체가는 감염 7일 후부터 증가하였고, N. jadini 감염시에는 14일 후 증가하였으며, N, gruberi게 감염된 마우스의 항체가는 대조군과 차이가 없었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.709-717
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• 2017

Mucosal tissues are the initial site through which most pathogens invade. As such, vaccines and adjuvants that modulate mucosal immune functions have emerged as important agents for disease prevention. Herein, we investigated the immunomodulatory mechanisms of the B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin type IIa ($LT-IIa-B_5$), a potent non-toxic mucosal adjuvant. Alternations in gene expression in response to $LT-IIa-B_5$ were identified using a genome-wide transcriptional microarray that focused on dendritic cells (DC), a type of cell that broadly orchestrates adaptive and innate immune responses. We found that $LT-IIa-B_5$ enhanced the homing capacity of DC into the lymph nodes and selectively regulated transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and cytokine receptors. These data are consistent with a model in which directional activation and differentiation of immune cells by $LT-IIa-B_5$ serve as a critical mechanism whereby this potent adjuvant amplifies mucosal immunity to co-administered antigens.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.2665-2669
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• 2015

CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a key role in regulation of immnue response and maintenance of self-tolerance. Studies have found Tregs could suppress tumor-specific T cell-mediated immune response and promote cancer progression. Depletion of Tregs can enhance antitumor immunity. Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells and capable of activating antigen-specific immune responses, which make them ideal candidate for cancer immunotherapy. Now various DC vaccines are considered as effective treatment for cancers. The aim of this study was to evaluate variation of Tregs in BALB/C mice with hepatocellular carcinoma and investigate the interaction between tumor-derived Tregs, effector T cells (Teff) and splenic DCs. We found the percentages of Tregs/CD4+ in the peripheral blood of tumor-bearing mice were higher than in normal mice. Tumor-derived Tregs diminished the up-regulation of costimulatory molecule expression on splenic DCs, even in the presence of Teff cells and simultaneously inhibited IL-12 and $TNF-{\alpha}$ secretion by DCs.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.194-199
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• 1996

Cryptococcosis is a rare in normal child and the majority of cases usually occur in patients with defective cell-mediated immunity. Infection is acquired by inhalation of organisms from the environment and disseminated via the blood stream to any organ of the body. We experienced a 7 year old girl who presented with fever, both cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly under the impression of lymphoma. However lymph node biopsy revealed cryptococcal budding and culture of lymph nodes yielded cryptococcus neoformans. The radiologic finding showed huge, multiple cervical lymph node enlargement spreading to mediastinum and abdomen. The immune fuction in term of T cell, B cell, serum immunoglobulin, complement and neutrophil function tests was normal. The patient was treated with amphotericin B and flucytosine for 6 weeks and responded to the treatment well. We report this case with brief review of the related literatures.