• 대한골관절종양학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.162-168
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• 2003

목적: 골격을 침해하는 원발성 악성종양으로는 골육종이나 연골육종 같은 간엽성육종과 유윙육종이나 림프종 같은 소원형세포성육종으로 나눈다. 골격육종을 진단하기 위해 관상골 육종은 MR검사를 편평골 육종은 CT검사를 주로 이용한다. MR과 CT는 공히 골파괴병소와 연조직종괴를 잘 나타내지만 무기질침착은 MR에서 식별되기 어렵다. 이에 본저자들은 관상골 MR과 편평골 CT검사의 골파괴 소견으로 간엽성육종과 소원형세포성육종을 감별하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 수술적 조직생검술에 의한 병리조직학적으로 진단되고 관상골 MR 또는 편평골 CT검사를 시행했던 간엽성육종 28례와 소원형세포성육종 26례를 대상으로 하였다. 관상골 MR검사 26례와 편평골CT검사 28례에서 골파괴 병소 소견을 각각 편심성과 중심성으로 나누어 비교 분석하였다. 결과: 관상골 MR검사에서 간엽성육종 16례중 12례(75.0%)가 편심성 골파괴 소견이였고 소원형세포육종 10례는 전례(100.0%)가 중심성 골파괴 소견이었다(p>.01). 편평골 CT검사에서 간엽성육종 12례중 10례(83.3%)에서 편심성 골파괴 소견이었고 소원형세포성육종 16례중 13례(81.3%)가 중심성 골파괴 소견을 보였다(p>.01). 결론: 관상골 MR검사든 편평골 CT검사든 골파괴 양상을 중심성과 편심성으로 나누는 방사선학적 소견은 간엽성육종과 소원형세포성육종을 감별 진단하는데 도움이 되는 소견이었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.4301-4306
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• 2013

Aim: Apoptosis has been considered as a fundamental component in cancer pathogenesis, and related genetic factors might play an important role in gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma (GCA) genesis. Methods: We conducted a hospital based case.control study to evaluate the genetic effects of functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): BCL2 rs17757541 C>G, BCL2 rs12454712 T>C, FAS rs2234767 G>A, FASL/FASLG rs763110 C>T, ERBB2 rs1136201 A>G and VEGFR2/KDR rs11941492 C>T on the development of GCA. A total of 243 GCA cases and 476 controls were recruited for the study and genotypes were determined using a custom-by-design 48-Plex SNPscan$^{TM}$ Kit. Results: The BCL2 rs17757541 C>G polymorphism was associated with increased risk of GCA. However, there was no significant associations with the other five SNPs. Stratified analyses indicated a significantly increased risk of GCA associated with the BCL2 rs17757541 C>G polymorphism among males, older patients and those with a history of smoking or drinking. Conclusion: These findings indicated that the functional polymorphism BCL2 rs17757541 C>G might contribute to GCA susceptibility. However, our results were limited by small sample size. Future larger studies are required to confirm our current findings.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.56-63
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• 2007

인슐린은 지방세포 또는 근육세포에서 포도당 흡수 조절 통로단백질이 함유되어 있는 소포제를 세포막으로의 이동을 촉진시킨다. 우리는 여기서 지방세포로의 분화는 인슐린에 의한 포도당 흡수에 대한 반응이 증가됨을 보였다. 반면에 지방세포로의 분화는 PDGF에 의한 포도당 흡수 반응이 감소됨을 보였다. 인슐린 수용체나 caveolae는 지방세포로의 분화과정 동안 발현이 증가된다. 또한 지방세포로의 분화는 인슐린에 의한 Akt의 활성을 증가시켰다. 하지만 PDGF에 의한 Akt의 활성은 크게 감소하였다. 하지만 인슐린은 지방세포 또는 섬유아 전구세포에서 ERK의 활성을 유도하지 않았다. PDGF에 의한 ERK 활성 또한 지방세포로의 분화과정에 따라 감소하였다. P13K의 저해제인 LY294002는 지방세포 뿐만 아니라 섬유아 전구세포에서 인슐린에 의한 포도당 흡수를 저해하였다. 마지막으로 인슐린 수용체, Akt, SHIP2, p85등이 lipid raft/caveolae에 존재함을 확인하였고 인슐린에 의해 이런 단백질들이 lipid raft/caveolae로 이동함을 관찰하였다. 이런 결과를 토대로 lipid raft는 포도당 홉수를 위한 인슐린의 기능적 작용을 하는데 매우 중요한 환경을 제공함을 주장한다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2006

Background: CM1 (Centrocyte/-blast Marker I) defined by a mAb developed against concanavalin-A activated PBMC, is expressed specifically on a subpopulation of centroblasts and centrocytes of human germinal center (GC) B cells. Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a tumor consisting of tumor cells with the characteristics of GC B cell. Previously we reported that CM1 ligation with anti-CM1 mAb induced apoptosis in Ramos $(IgM^{high})$ and Raji $(IgM^{low})$ cells. Methods & Results: In the present study, we observed that CM1 ligation with anti-CM1 mAb induced Fas ligand and Fas expression in Ramos cells, but not in Raji cells. Furthermore, anti-Fas blocking antibody, ZB4, blocked CM1-mediated apoptosis effectively in Ramos cells, but not in Raji cells. Increased mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, which was measured by $DiOC_6$, was observed only in Raji cells. In contrast to no significant change of Bax known as pro-apoptotic protein, anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was significantly decreased in Raji cells. In addition, we observed that CM1 ligation increased release of mitochondrial cytochrome c and upregulated caspase-9 activity in Raji cells. Conclusion: These results suggest that apoptosis induced by CM1-ligation is mediated by Fas-Fas ligand interaction in Ramos cells, whereas apoptosis is mediated by down-regulation of Bcl-2 and subsequent decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential in Raji cells.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.1188-1194
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• 2017

DSS로 대장염을 유도한 C57BL/6 마우스에게 잡곡(보리, 수수, 기장)과 죽염, 종균(AB, ABL)을 접종한 메주로 만든 고추장을 섭취시켰다. MG-AB와 MG-ABL을 섭취한 마우스는 control에 비교해 대장의 길이를 증가시키고, 무게/길이비율은 감소시켜 대장염의 염증반응을 억제시켰다. MG-ABL은 혈청에서 IL-6의 발현을 control과 MG-AB군에 비해 유의적으로 감소시켰고, apoptosis 관련 인자인 Bax와 Bcl-2의 발현을 조절하여 apoptosis를 유도하였다. 따라서 MG-ABL은 발효 시 첨가된 Lab. plantarum로 인해 대장조직의 손상을 억제하고 전염증성 사이토카인과 apoptosis 관련 인자를 조절하여 대장염을 억제하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.253-258
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• 1997

Ten, heretofore unreported, $ 5^I-methyl-5^I-[2-(5-substituted uracil-1-yl)ethyl)]-2^I-oxo-3^I$-methylenetetrahydrofurans (H, F, Cl, Br, I, $ CH_3$,$CF_3$,$CH_2CH_3$,$ CH=CH2$, SePh) (7a-j) were synthesized and evaluated against four cell lines (K-562, FM-3A, P-388 and U-937). For the preparation of ${\alpha}$-methylene-${\gamma}$-butyrolactone-linked to 5-substituted uracils (7a-j), the convenient Reformasky type reaction was employed which involves the treatment of ethyl ${\alpha}$-(bromomethyl)acrylate and zinc with the respective 1-(5-substituted uracil-1-yl)-3-butanone (6a-j). The 5-substituted uracil ketones (6a-j) were directly obtained by the respective Michael type reaction of vinyl methyl ketone with the $K_2CO_3$(or NaH)-treated 5-substituted uracils (5a-j) in the presence of acetic acid in the DMF solvent. The .alpha.-methylene-.gamma.-butyrolactone compounds showing the most significant antitumor activity are 7e, 7f, 7h and 7j (inhibitory concentration $(IC_50)$ ranging from 0.69 to $2.9 {\mu}g/ml$), while 7b, 7g and 7i have shown moderate to significant activity. The compounds 7a, 7c and 7d were found to be inactive. The synthetic intermediate compounds 6a-j were also screened and found marginal to moderate activity where compounds 6b and 6g showed significant activity $(IC_50:0.4~2.8 {\mu}g/ml)$.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.1390-1395
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• 1997

혈관내 림프종증(intravascular lymphomatosis, IVL)은 1959년 처음 보고되었으며, 주로 B 림프구의 혈관 내부에 국한된 악성 증식으로 발생하는 드문 악성 질환이다. IVL의 주된 침범 부위는 중추신경계이며 그 외 피부, 심장, 폐, 간 등 전신장기를 침범할 수 있다. IVL의 폐침범은 드문 경우로 주된 증상은 호흡곤란, 발열, 기침 등이며 방사선학적으로 간질성 침윤으로 나타난다. 최근 저자 등은 고열과 흉부 통증을 동반하여 발생한 폐를 침범한 혈관내 림프종증 1예를 경험하였기에 단순 흉부촬영에서 간질성 침윤을 동반하는 원인 미상의 발열과 호흡곤란의 드문 감별 진단의 하나로 이를 보고한다.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.72-78
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• 2015

Objectives: The stomach is a sensitive digestive organ that is susceptible to exogenous pathogens from the diet. In response to such pathogens, the stomach induces oxidative stress, which might be related to the development of both gastric organic disorders such as gastritis, gastric ulcers, and gastric cancer, and functional disorders such as functional dyspepsia. This study was accomplished to investigate the effect of Ganoderma lucidum pharmacopuncture (GLP) on chronic gastric ulcers in rats. Methods: The rats were divided into 4 groups of 8 animals each: the normal, the control, the normal saline (NP) and the GLP groups. In this study, the modified ethanol gastritis model was used. The rats were administrated 56% ethanol orally every other day. The dose of ethanol was 8 g/kg body weight. The normal group received the same amount of normal saline instead of ethanol. The NP and the GLP groups were treated with injection of saline and GLP respectively. The control group received no treatment. Two local acupoints CV12 (中脘) and ST36 (足三里) were used. All laboratory rats underwent treatment for 15 days. On last day, the rats were sacrificed and their stomachs were immediately excised. Results: Ulcers of the gastric mucosa appeared as elongated bands of hemorrhagic lesions parallel to the long axis of the stomach. In the NP and GLP groups, the injuries to the gastric mucosal injuries were not as severe as they were in the control group. Wound healings of the chronic gastric ulcers was promoted by using GLP and significant alterations of the indices in the gastric mucosa were observed. Such protection was demonstrated by gross appearance, histology and immunehistochemistry staining for Bcl-2-associated X (BAX), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-${\beta}1$). Conclusion: These results suggest that GLP at CV12 and ST36 can provide significant protection to the gastric mucosa against an ethanol induced chronic gastric ulcer.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권5호
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• pp.1126-1141
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• 2021

Recent evidence has shown that methionine (Met) supplementation can improve milk protein synthesis under hyperthermia (which reduces milk production). To explore the mechanism by which milk protein synthesis is affected by Met supplementation under hyperthermia, mammary alveolar (MAC-T) cells were incubated at a hyperthermic temperature of 42℃ for 6 h in media with different concentrations of Met. While the control group (CON) contained a normal amino acid concentration profile (60 ㎍/mL of Met), the three treatment groups were supplemented with Met at concentrations of 10 ㎍/mL (MET70, 70 ㎍/mL of Met), 20 ㎍/mL (MET80, 80 ㎍/mL of Met), and 30 ㎍/mL (MET90,90 ㎍/mL of Met). Our results show that additional Met supplementation increases the mRNA and protein levels of BCL2 (B-cell lymphoma-2, an anti-apoptosis agent), and decreases the mRNA and protein levels of BAX (Bcl-2-associated X protein, a pro-apoptosis agent), especially at an additional supplementary concentration of 20 ㎍/mL (group Met80). Supplementation with higher concentrations of Met decreased the mRNA levels of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9, and increased protein levels of heat shock protein (HSP70). The total protein levels of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and the mTOR signalling pathway-related proteins, AKT, ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 (RPS6KB1), and ribosomal protein S6 (RPS6), increased with increasing Met supplementation, and peaked at 80 ㎍/mL Met (group Met80). In addition, we also found that additional Met supplementation upregulated the gene expression of αS1-casein (CSN1S1), β-casein (CSN2), and the amino acid transporter genes SLC38A2, SLC38A3 which are known to be mTOR targets. Additional Met supplementation, however, had no effect on the gene expression of κ-casein (CSN3) and solute carrier family 34 member 2 (SLC34A2). Our results suggest that additional Met supplementation with 20 ㎍/mL may promote the synthesis of milk proteins in bovine mammary epithelial cells under hyperthermia by inhibiting apoptosis, activating the AKT-mTOR-RPS6KB1 signalling pathway, and regulating the entry of amino acids into these cells.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.494-502
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• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Reducing the number of adipocytes by inducing apoptosis of mature adipocytes as well as suppressing differentiation of preadipocytes plays an important role in preventing obesity. This study examines the anti-adipogenic and pro-apoptotic effect of red pepper seed water extract (RPS) prepared at $4^{\circ}C$ (RPS4) in 3T3-L1 cells. MATERIALS/METHODS: Effect of RPS4 or its fractions on lipid accumulation was determined in 3T3-L1 cells using oil red O (ORO) staining. The expressions of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and adipogenic associated proteins [peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-${\gamma}$ ($PPAR-{\gamma}$), CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins ${\alpha}$ (C/EBP ${\alpha}$), sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)] were measured in 3T3-L1 cells treated with RPS4. Apoptosis and the expression of Akt and Bcl-2 family proteins [B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated death promoter (Bad), Bcl-2 like protein 4 (Bax), Bal-2 homologous antagonist/killer (Bak)] were measured in mature 3T3-L1 cells treated with RPS4. RESULTS: Treatment of RPS4 ($0-75{\mu}g/mL$) or its fractions ($0-50{\mu}g/mL$) for 24 h did not have an apparent cytotoxicity on pre and mature 3T3-L1 cells. RPS4 significantly suppressed differentiation and cellular lipid accumulation by increasing the phosphorylation of AMPK and reducing the expression of $PPAR-{\gamma}$, C/EBP ${\alpha}$, SREBP-1c, FAS, and ACC. In addition, all fractions except ethyl acetate fraction significantly suppressed cellular lipid accumulation. RPS4 induced the apoptosis of mature adipocytes by hypophosphorylating Akt, increasing the expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins, Bak, Bax, and Bad, and reducing the expression of the anti-apoptotic proteins, Bcl-2 and p-Bad. CONCLUSIONS: These finding suggest that RPS4 can reduce the numbers as well as the size of adipocytes and might useful for preventing and treating obesity.