• THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.33-46
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• 1999

To evaluate the antitumor and antimetastatic effects of Samiyeongeontanggamibang(SYTG), We have examined whether SYTG can inhibit the growth of several tumor cell lines, tumor cell adhesion, experimental tumor metastasis and increase survival rate of tumor-bearing mice by inhibition of DNA topoisomrase activity. The results were obtained as follows: 1. SYTG extracts revealed an efficient cytotoxicity against A549, SK-OV-3, B16-F10, and SK-MEL-2 cell lines. 2. SYTG extracts inhibited DNA topo-isomerase I from calf thymus. 3. The T/C% in S-180 bearing ICR mice treated with SYTG was 115.8% 4. SYTG extracts significantly inhibited adhesion of A549 cell to complex extracellular matrix. 5. In pulmonary colonization assay, SYTG suppressed lung metastases in tumor cell-injected mice. 6. In CAM assay, SYTG extracts inhibited angiogenesis at $15{\mu}g/egg$ concentration as compared with control. These results suggested that SYTG extracts might be a potent inhibitor of cancer.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.34 no.4 s.135
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• pp.293-296
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• 2003

This study was carried out to evaluate cytotoxic effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts on NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and KB cell lines. Disruptions in cell organelles were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The comparison of $IC_{50}$ of values of Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts in KB cell lines showed that their susceptibility to these extracts decreased in the following order: hexane extract > chloroform extract > methanol extract> dichloromethane extract > ethyl acetate extract>ethanol extract by the MTT method. The dried roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza was extracted several solvents, and then antimicrobial activity was investigated. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC's) of the extract against microorganisms were also examined. Amtimicrobial activity of ketoconazol as reference was compared to those of extracts of hexane, chloroform, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and methanol. The antimicrobial activity of all extracts from the sample had growth inhibition activity against gram-negative bacteria, gram-positive bacteria and fungi. These results suggest that the hexane and chloroform soluble extracts of Salvia miltiorrhiza may be a valuable choice for the studies on the tumor cell lines and growth inhibition activity.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.35-43
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to identify antiproliferative effects of Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix(SM) extracts against cancer cell lines. Methods : We used 2 kinds of cancer cell lines such as colon cancer cells(HT-29), human oral epitheloid carcinoma cells(KB). MTT assay was performed to examine the efficacy of SM extracts on the cytostaticity of cancer cells in proportion to time and doses. Apoptosis was evaluated by DNA laddering and DAPI nuclei staining. Results : The MTT absorbances against HT-29 and KB of SM extracts were significantly decresed. DNA ladders could be identified in KB of SM extracts. The morphological change were observed and number of cells were decreased by SM extracts. Conclusions : SM extracts is considered to be effective to induce apoptosis and inhibit cancer cell proliferation.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.162-173
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• 2006

The water-extracts of Scutellaria barbata Don (SBDE) were isolated from Chinese medicinal plant sources. The extracts showed strong growth-inhibitory activity and cancer chemopreventive activity on the growth and DNA incorporation of MG63 human osteosarcoma and K562 human leukemia cell lines. The growth of human cancer cells was inhibited in the presence of the extracts (20, 50 and 100 ${\mu}$g/ml), and the effects were concentration-dependent and incubation time-dependent up to 8 days. When 50 ${\mu}$g/ml of the extracts was added to the media of MG63 and K562, cell growth after 8 days or 6 days of incubation was retarded by 93.2 to 97.3% of the control group. Morphological changes of MG63 and K562 cell lines were observed. As the concentration of the extracts increased up to 50 ${\mu}$g/ml, degree of cell aggregation decreased. Moreover, the DNA incorporation of the cells which were labeled with [3H] thymidine was significantly reduced after 3 days of incubation at $37^{\circ}C$ with the extract. Therefore, it is suggested that the extract is highly effective on inhibition of cancer cell growth. The extract also inhibited gene expression of IGF-II in transcriptional level. Since IGF-II works as a mitogenic effector on MG63 and K562 cell lines, these results suggest that the growth inhibition is in part mediated through the inhibition of IGF-II gene expression.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.116-124
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• 2010

This study was aimed to clerify the cytotoxicity of some plant extracts such as Hosta longissima HONDA (HL), Hemerocallis fulva var. Kwanso REGL (HFVK), Hemerocallis fulva L (HF), Macrocapium officinale NAKAI (MO) and Mentha canadensis var. piperascens HARA (MCVP), the cultured NIH3T3 fibroblasts were treated with 25, 50, 100, 150 and $200{\mu}g/mL$ of five kinds of plant extracts for 48 hours, respectively. The cytotoxicity of plant extracts was measured by MTT and NR assays for the cell viability, and XTT assay for the cell adhesion activity. In this study, HL, MO and FHVK extracts showed the range of midtoxic-non toxic by the criteria of chemical cytotoxicity. While, the HF and MCVP extracts showed midtoxic. In the extract cytotoxicity, HL, MO and FHVK extracts showed non-toxic by the criteria of extract cytotoxicity. While, HF extract was determined as lower-toxic. In the responsive sensitivity of each plant extract on colorimetric assays, HF extract was sensitive to mitochondrial enzyme by MTT assay, lysosomal enzyme by NR assay and mitochondrial nucleus by XTT assay. While, MCVP extract was sensitive to mitochondrial enzyme by MTT assay and lysosomal enzyme by NR assay than other assays. While, HL, HFVK and MO extracts were most sensitive to NR assay. Cell culture is one of useful materials in the screening of cytotoxic and recovary effect on the putative chemical agents or plant extract. And also, colorimetric assay is regarded as very useful tools for quantitative measurement of cytotoxic effect on plant extracts in vitro.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.541-550
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) cell wall extract on the proliferation and cytokine production of immune cells to select suitable probiotics for space food. Ten strains of LAB (Lactobacillus bulgaricus, L. paracasei, L. casei, L. acidophilus, L. plantarum, L. delbruekii, Lactococcus lactis, Streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium breve, and Pedicoccus pentosaceus) were sub-cultured and further cultured for 3 d to reach 7-10 Log colony-forming units (CFU)/mL prior to cell wall extractions. All LAB cell wall extracts failed to inhibit the proliferation of BALB/c mouse splenocytes or mesenteric lymphocytes. Most LAB cell wall extracts except those of L. plantarum and L. delbrueckii induced the proliferation of both immune cells at tested concentrations. In addition, the production of T_H1 cytokine (IFN-γ) rather than that of T_H2 cytokine (IL-4) was enhanced by LAB cell wall extracts. Of ten LAB extracts, four (from L. acidophilus, L. bulgaricus, L. casei, and S. thermophiles) promoted both cell proliferating and T_H1 cytokine production. These results suggested that these LAB could be used as probiotics to maintain immunity and homeostasis for astronauts in extreme space environment and for general people in normal life.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.246-250
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• 1998

The cytotoxic activity of methanol extracts of 25 leguminous seeds in vitro was evaluated by sulforhodamine B assay, using the five human solid A549 lung, SK-OV-2 ovarian, SK-MEL-2 melanoma, XF-498 CNS and HCT-15 colon tumor cell lines. The responses varied with both cell line arid leguminous seed used. Extracts of Canavalia lineata and Glycine soja revealed potent cytotoxic activity against A549 arid SK-MEL-2 cell lines. Moderate activity was observed in the extracts of Cassia obtusifolia and Glyeine max var. chungtae, and C. lineata and Vigna angulasis against SK-MEL-2 and HCT-15 cell lines, respectively. The other seed extracts were ineffective against model tumor cell lines. Because of their potent cytotoxic activities, the activity of each solvent fraction from C. lineata and G. soja was determined and the potent activity was produced from their chloroform fractions. As a naturally occurring therapeutic agent, leguminous seeds described could be useful for developing new types of anti-tumor agents.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.291-298
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• 2011

Yam extracts (Dioscorea batatas) have been reported to possess a variety of functions. However, studies on its osteogenic properties are limited. In this study, we investigated the effect of ethanol and water extracts on osteoblast proliferation and bone matrix protein synthesis, type I collagen and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), using osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cell model. MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured with yam ethanol and water extracts (0~30 mg/L) within 39 days of osteoblast differentiation period. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay. Bone matrix proteins were assessed by the accumulation of type I collagen and ALP activity by staining the cell layers for matrix staining. Also, the secreted (media) matrix protein concentration (type I collagen) and enzyme activity (ALP) were measured colorimetrically. Yam ethanol and water extracts stimulated cell proliferation within the range of 15~30 mg/L at 15 day treatment. The accumulation of type I collagen in the extracellular matrix, as well as secreted collagen in the media, increased with increasing doses of yam ethanol (3~15 mg/L) and water (3~30 mg/L) extracts. ALP activity was not affected by yam ethanol extracts. Our results demonstrated that yam extracts stimulated osteoblast proliferation and enhanced the accumulation of the collagenous bone matrix protein type I collagen in the extracellular matrix. These results suggest that yam extracts may be a potential activator for bone formation by increasing osteoblast proliferation and increasing bone matrix protein type I collagen. Before confirming the osteogenic action of yam, further studies for clarifying how and whereby yam extracts can stimulate this ostegenesis action are required.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.534-542
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• 2006

The effects of ethanol fractions of three different rice grain extracts, Jakwangchalbyeo, Hwasunchalbyeo, and Ilpumbyeo, on apoptotic cell death in the rat hepatoma H4IIE cell line were investigated using the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] cell viability assay. One hundred mg/mL Jakwangchalbyeo extract significantly reduced cell viability to 69.5, 57.2, and 46.1% within 24, 48, and 72 hr, respectively. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analyses were also performed to characterize the cell death pattern caused by treatment with the rice grain extracts. Apoptotic cell death was clearly observed with time after treatment with the Jakwangchalbyeo extract. In Western blotting analysis, degradation of the 116 kDa poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) molecule was observed with concomitant formation of an 89 kDa product 24, 48, and 72 hr after treating cells with the Jakwangchalbyeo extract. This indicates that an apoptotic process caused cell death in these cells. In conclusion, red-pericarp Jakwangchalbyeo extract induced apoptotic cell death in H4IIE cells to a larger extent than the other rice extracts.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.512-519
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• 1997

RNA accumulating strain of Torulopsis versatilis MT-1 was cultured in molasses medium for higher contents of RNA in cell. Yeast cells were harvested at logarithmic phase on synchronous culture. Yield of cells on dry base to input sugar was 59.5%. Crude protein content was 55.1% in cell. RNA content was 13.9%. Some problems found in the process for the preparation of yeast extracts were improved by the addition of culture broth of Streptomyces faecalis MSF which secrete RNase (5' nuclease and 5' adenylic acid deaminase). When the culture broth of S. faecalis MSF was added in autolysis process 46% of RNA in cell was converted to I and G(5' inosinic acid and 5' guanylic acid) in extract. By addition of 3-7% culture broth of S.faecalis MSF in autolysis or enzymolysis process at the start or early stage, RNA in extract was converted easily to I and G and protein in cells was easily extracted and hydrolyzed to amino acid. Taste of those yeast extracts was delicious. The yeasty smell in yeast extracts was removed. And cell debris was easily removed from extract.