• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.40-46
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• 2012

Cigarette smoking is known to be associated with various chronic pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases ranging from inflammation to cancer. Not only first-hand smoke but also second-hand smoke is suggested to be a factor of health risk. This study was to investigate whether Platycodi Radix extract administration would alter oxidative stress in lung leading to protection of cigarette smoke-induced lung damage. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups; Intact, Smoke+PR and Smoke+Vehicle. In Smoke+PR and Smoke+Vehicle group, the exposure to cigarette smoke was performed for 15 min/day for 4 weeks in ventilated smoking chamber. The Platycodi Radix extract and saline were orally administrated to Smoke+PR and Smoke+Vehicle group each. The rats of Intact group were just kept in ventilated chamber without cigarette smoke. After the experiment for 4 weeks, the lung tissues were collected for histological observation and immunohistochemistry. In Results, airspace enlargement and goblet cell hyperplasia were observed after 4 weeks' exposure to cigarette smoke. Whereas, the oral administration of Platycodi Radix extract for 4 weeks reduced airspace enlargement and goblet cell hyperplasia. Moreover, the alterations of BAX/Bcl-2 proteins in lung tissues were observed. These results suggest that Platycodi Radix extract ameliorates lung damage in cigarette smoke-exposed rats and has protective effects on second-hand smoke injury.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.278-281
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• 2009

Bilateral renal enlargement is a very rare manifestation as the primary presenting feature of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. We are reporting an unusual clinical picture of a 9-month-old male patient diagnosed as precusor B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia, who showed bilateral nephromegaly without any hepatosplenomegaly at the time of initial presentation.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.470-474
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• 2000

A Shih Tzu Puppy had clinical onset of anotexia crying and progression of neurological sings when enlargement of the cranial vault at 1 month old and died after showing clinical signs during 2 months period. Radiological and pathological examinations were performed. Radiological findings were homogeneous appearance of the calvaria with cortical thinning, loss of the normal convolutional skull markings and persistent fontanelles. Grossly enlargement of the cranial vault thinning of the bone and defective closure of the fontanelles were also observed. The entire subcortical area of the cerebral hemispheres with severe, dilatation of ventricles and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) wits absent. There was parenchyma atrophy affecting chiefly in the white mater and the cerebral cortices, axon degeneration and necrosis and gitter cell infiltration in the whiter matter and the subependymal area. Mononuclear perivacular cuffing in the cerebrum and the pons was shown. Based on the radiological, gross and histopathological findings, this case was believed to have congenital hydrocephalus with nonsuppurative encephahitis. Possible etiology on the case is also discussed.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.88-95
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• 2017

Effects of different soil water conditions on fruit characteristics were investigated in 5-year-old 'Nero' black chokeberry trees (Aronia melanocarpa). Three kinds of drought stresses, including low water deficit, severe water deficit, and very severe water deficit, due to decline of soil water decreased the fruit quality of weight of 10 berries, soluble solid content, and anthocyanin, compared with the control (consistent water supply) during the harvest period. After longer drought stress, supply of soil water could induce berry cracking because cell size of epidermis of fruits contracted, whereas cell size of sub-epidermis and flesh expanded. Thus periodic water supply using water supply facility is needed for yield and quality of 'Nero' black chokeberry fruits.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.127-132
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• 2013

An 11-year-old poodle bitch was presented for investigation of multicentric mammary masses. Abdominal sonography and radiography demonstrated abnormal enlargement of uterus and ovaries. Blood analysis revealed high progesterone concentration. The ovariohysterectomy and mastectomy were performed. Histopathologically, the mammary masses revealed complex carcinoma-tubulopapillary carcinoma with papillary pattern and tubule pattern. In the uterus, cystic endometrial hyperplasia was observed. Scattered inflammatory cells were observed in the endometrial stroma and mucinous material was protruded from endometrial surface. Also, in the ovaries, bilateral ovary granulosa cell tumor was detected. The bitch made a complete recovery following the ovariohysterectomy and mastectomy. This case was a very rare multiple tumor occurrence with bilateral ovary granulosa cell tumor and mammary complex carcinoma. High progesterone concentration was characterized clinically in the bitch.

• Proceedings of the Korean Biophysical Society Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.39-39
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• 2001

Many physiological processes of plant cells, such as nutrient uptake, salt tolerance, and cell enlargement, are mediated by ion transports across the plasma membrane. H$^{＋}$-ATPases on both plasma and vacuolar membranes play major roles on active transports and ion channels mediate passive transports of various ions. It has been known that these proteins involved in cellular osmotic regulation and salt tolerance in the salt-accumulated soils.(omitted)

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 1975

To investigate ultrastructural characteristics of cancer cell nucleus, 29 cases of malignant tumors of 9 different types were examined. The common findings were marked irregularity of nuclear membrane with pronounced infoldings, clumping of heterochromatin along inner nuclear membrane, enlargement and disturbance of configuration and composition of nucleolus, and frequent observations of nuclear bodies and nuclear inclusions. These findings confirm what have been observed by light microscopy, and are also the signes that can be observed in hyperactive cells. Thus, ultrastructural characteristics of cancerous nucleus are the great variability of nuclear size, shape and composition, but none of them appear to be specific.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.387-396
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• 2004

A scheme to evaluate the number of users and cell coverage of a WCDMA supporting multi-rate traffic is newly presented through calculation of the realizable Erlang capacity from a derived blocking probability and the path loss from the COST231 Walfisch-Ikegami(W) model. We evaluate the voice-data Erlang capacities at various data rates of 15 kbps to 960 kbps and it is shown that they have a linear relationship to each other. When the E$\_$b//N$\_$o/ is low from 4 ㏈ to 3 ㏈ in case of voice capacity of 50 Erlang at 8 kbps, the result shows the increase for the data capacity of 10 Erlang and the enlargement of 100 m for the cell coverage at low rate of 15 kbps, and the increase of 0.11 Erlang and the enlargement of 40 m at high rate of 960 kbps. The increase of the blocking probability results in the increase of the Erlang capacity, but not an effect on the cell coverage, and the increase of active users in a cell results in the decrease of the coverage.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.109-114
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• 2000

Amyloid golfer is a rare disease entity that is defined as a symptomatic mass or clinically detectable thyroid enlargement because of amyloid deposition. We present a case of amyloid golfer diagnosed in the fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC) in a 73-year-old Korean woman presented with nephrotic syndrome and thyroid enlargement. The thyroid function was in normal range. Thyroid scan showed a nodule, $4{\time}2cm$ in the right lobe with underlying diffuse golfer. Aspirates revealed benign looking follicular cells and scattered eosinophilic material. The sections of the cell block showed nodular deposit of eosinophilic hyalinized material in the interfollicular area. It showed apple-green birefringence under polarization with Congo red stain. The renal biopsy also exhibited deposition of eosinophilic materials in the glomeruli and interstitial vascular wall, which were confirmed as amyloidosis. This material was morphologically distinct from the colloid.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.269-275
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• 1987

Radiation-induced life shortening, carcinogenesis and other pathological changes were investigated in NIH(GP) mice after $^{60}Co-{\gamma}$ ray irradiation(100~700rads). The results were summarized as follows: 1. There were little difference in body weights, hematological examination and other clinical findings between normal and irradiated groups. 2. Mean survival time of the mice after irradiation were decreased dose-dependently. 3. Main gross findings of the mice irradiated were appeared as enlargement of spleen, thymus and lymph nodes, tumorous nodules of lung and cyst of ovary. Especially, enlargement of thymus was promineort in high dose group. 4. Microscopically, there were various findings including myeloid leukemia, thymic lymphoma, lung adenoma, adenosquamous cell carcinoma of pancreas, pneumonia and other pathological changes. Especially thymic lymphoma was highly frequent in the 700 rads group.