• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2003년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.923-927
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• 2003

The aim of this study is to investigate the characteristics and quantity of the noise reduction by pipe material, wrapped pipe with glass wool and installed pipe height The characteristics of noise emission from drain-pipes is as follows. The noise reduction pipe in PVC can reduce noise levels in 7-10㏈ and the cast-iron pipe can reduce in 14㏈compared with the normal PVC pipe. In these days, the glass wool was used for preventing the burst and the noise reduction. But the glass wool for wrapping pipe is not effective to the noise reduction. The characteristics of noise emission from various installed pipe height were measured As the ceiling space of the remodeled building was raised, the noise level was troubled by increasing of the vertical pipe length.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.165-175
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• 1996

Fourteen(14) large commercial buildings located in Seoul with friable sprayed-on surface insulation material on ceiling were investigated for fiber types in bulk material and for airborne fiber concentrations in buildings by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in order to compare the results with those by polarized light microscopy (PLM) and phase contrast microscopy (PCM). The results were as follows: 1. Chrysotile asbestos was found in one bulk sample out of total 14 bulk samples collected. Glass fiber and mineral wool were the two major constituents of the bulk samples. 2. The Na-Mg-Si-Ca-Fe-Al ratios of the EDX spectra which were normalized with the Si peak were 0-1.0-10-8.3-4.0-4.0 in mineral wool and 0-5-10-21-0-0 in chrysotile asbestos, respectively. 3. Airborne fiber concentrations were log-normalcy distributed and the geometric mean (geometric standard deviation) fiber concentrations by TEM in the underground parking lots and inside buildings were 0.0048 f/cc(1.93) and 0.0040 f/cc(2.27), respectively with no statistical difference. In the outdoor ambient air, statistically significantly lower concentration of 0.0018 f/cc(2.04) was measured. 4. The TEM/PCM ratios of airborne fiber concentrations ranged 0.5 - 2.0 for 80 % of airborne samples analyzed, end the regression equation between TEM and PCM was PCM=-0.2724+1.1355(TEM) with the coefficient of determination $R^2=0.52$. The results of this study confirmed that the sprayed-on surface insulation material found in some commercial buildings may possibly be contaminated with asbestos fiber. Since statistically significant relationship of fiber concentrations measured by PCM and TEM inside buildings and ambient air was found, previous results by PCM in ambient air could be used to estimate the ambient fiber concentrations in knowing the ratio of TEM/PCM.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제11권3로
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• pp.169-176
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 국내 2층 돈사 및 톱밥돈사를 조사하였으며 현재 양돈에 적용되고 있는 분뇨처리 형태, 사육형태, 환기방식 및 돈사건축비의 실태를 현장조사를 통하여 분석, 평가함으로써 이를 바탕으로 우리나라 기후와 조건에 적합한 분뇨처리와 돼지사육이 가능한 고상식 돈사의 건축모델에 적용 가능성을 고려할 목적으로 무창 2층 돈사와 개방식 톱밥돈사 농장을 방문 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 2층 돈사의 분뇨에 수분조절재로 톱밥, 수피, 왕겨를 사용하였다. 톱밥돈사는 톱밥만을 사용하였으며, 수분조절재의 사용깊이는 대체로 $30\~60cm$로, 이용기간은 평균 $3\~6$개월 정도 이용하였다. 2. 2층 돈사에서 돼지의 사육형태는 1층에서는 주로 임신돈 및 분만돈을 사육하였고 2층은 자돈과 육성돈을 사육하고 있었다. 3. 환기시스템은 기본적으로 2층 무창돈사는 기계적 환기(mechanical ventilation)시스템을 설치하였고 톱밥돈사는 자연환기(natural ventilation)시스템으로 조합되어 있었다. 4. 2층 돈사의 단열재는 블록, 칼라강판 및 샌드위치 판넬 등을 사용하였고 단열재두께는 지붕 $75\~100mm$, 벽이 $50\~75mm$였으며 천장높이는 최소 2.0, 최대 3.0m로 조사되었다. 5. 평당 건축비는 무창 이층돈사는$70\~1,400$천원 이내였으며, 개방식 톱밥돈사는 자체 건축한 곳을 제외하고는 $300\~400$천원 내외로 건축비가 소요되었다

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2017

발포알루미늄은 친환경 재료로서, 재활용이 가능하며 화재에 안전하여 선박과 해양구조물에 사용되는 흡음재로서 우수한 특성을 가지고 있다. 지금까지 발포알루미늄은 발포율에 따른 흡음성능에 관한 연구가 주로 이루어져 왔다. 발포알루미늄은 기존에 사용되어 왔던 글래스 울, 락 울 등과 같은 섬유질 흡음재와 비교할 때, 강도면에서 우수하기 때문에 다양한 방법으로 시공할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 공간 내에서 발포알루미늄의 다양한 사용 방법을 고려하여 흡음특성에 대한 실험을 실시하였다. 또한 마감재로 페인트 칠에 따른 특성을 포함하여, 양면흡음재로서 사용될 경우 벽면에 수직으로 세워서 시공한 구조와 공중에 매달아 수평으로 시공한 구조에 대한 흡음특성의 변화에 대해 실험적 방법으로 분석하였다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.171-186
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• 2012

The objective of this study is to find out the recent trends of hanok design based on 58 hanoks appeared in architecture magazines in the last 10 years. The cases are analyzed in terms of location, size, building form, spatial organization, material, roof form, and the ceiling form of living room. The consequences of this study is as follows; Most of the recent hanoks are built in rural area (91.4%), which shows the hanok is not accepted as an urban house type. Hanoks tend to be built in 2 stories whose 2nd floor is smaller than the 1st floor. (34.5%) The preferred size is total floor area of $99.2{\sim}165.2m^2$ (62.0%), 3 rooms (46.6%) with a traditional ondol room (60.3%). The buildings with ㄱ-shape (43.1%) and linear-shape (27.6%) are preferred, and the compact plan type similar with apartment house appears (13.8%). In the roof design that greatly influences the appearance of building, the traditional design factors such as half-hipped roof (55.2%), double eaves (27.6%), and eaves curve tend to be sustained. In terms of spatial organization, most of recent hanoks have double-layed plan (74.2%). The living room mostly has separately defined space. (82.8%) The indoor and outdoor tend to be connected by a narrow wooden veranda (39.7%), while some cases don't have any wooden floor space (48.3%). The entrance is adopted as an important spatial element in front part of building (75.9%), and it influences the appearance of building. The living room, the counterpart of the wooden floor hall in traditional hanok, and kitchen tend to be interiorized. In terms of material, the cement roof tile and red clay brick are preferred. Consequently, the walls of recent hanoks have the image of brick structure rather than the wooden frame structure of traditonal hanok.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.477-483
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• 2020

콘크리트 박스 구조물이 열화되어 보수보강이 필요할 경우 스프레이 장비로 구조물 단면에 보수재를 분사하여 부착시키는 방법에 의존하고 있는데 천장 또는 벽체부위의 경우 시공 후 보수재 자중 또는 중력에 의해 부착력이 저하될 수 있으며 지하철 구조물의 경우 진동 등에 의해 초기 부착력이 떨어지는 문제점이 발생한다. 또한 작업자의 숙련도와 시공환경에 따라 보수품질이 변동되기에 이에 대한 보완책이 필요한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 중력에 의한 보수재의 부착력 저하 및 인력시공에 의한 보수품질의 변동과 같은 문제점을 해결하고자 보수재 시공 후 소정의 압력을 가할 수 있는 기계식 가압장비를 개발하였다. 그리고 가압장비의 성능을 알아보고자 현장조건을 모사할 수 있는 챔버를 제작하여 가압 유무, 단면부위 및 환경조건을 달리한 부착강도를 측정한 결과 가압할 경우 그렇지 않은 경우보다 부위별로 차이가 있었으나 최대 70% 부착강도가 증가하는 효과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.111-122
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• 2008

As Korea has undergone rapid modernization, urbanization and industrialization, women's social participation has increased. Accordingly, child care facilities have shown continuous growth in numbers. However, according to research, child care facilities in Korea lag behind those in other nations in terms of quality. Given that, it seem urgent to enhance the quality of child care facilities and improve their indoor environment. Above all, overall atmosphere, colors and finishing materials are connected directly with educational effects as well as feelings and health of facility users. This study assesses the current state of child care facilities and preferences by focusing primarily on interior atmosphere, materials and colors. For This Study, 7 facilities were surveyed, and 46 subjects were participated for this study. The findings suggest that "pretty" style is preferred to "natural" style. As regards flooring material, wood floor is preferred. It is recommended to lay pastel colored carpet or PVC flooring material to the wood floor. As for wall, it is desirable to divide the wall spaces by adding wood and painting to simple wallpapers. In case of the ceiling noise absorptive material is recommended to use instead of wallpapers. For the doors, it is desirable to use contrasting materials and colors given accessibility for children. In the meantime, rather than strong primary colors, soft color or pastel colors are desirable for furniture. This study has limitations because of insufficiency of case study samples. However, it is significant in that the study results may be used as primary source of information to improve the environment of child care facilities.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.35-39
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• 2009

A novel Helmholtz coil inductively coupled plasma(H-ICP) etcher is proposed and characterized for deep nano-scale CMOS technology. Various hardware tests are performed while varying key parameters such as distance between the top and bottom coils, the distance between the chamber ceiling and the wafer, and the chamber height in order to determine the optimal design of the chamber and optimal process conditions. The uniformity was significantly improved by applying the optimum conditions. The plasma density obtained with the H-ICP source was about $5{\times}10^{11}/cm^3$, and the electron temperature was about 2-3 eV. The etching selectivity for the poly-silicon gate versus the ultra-thin gate oxide was 482:1 at 10 sccm of $HeO_2$. The proposed H-ICP was successfully applied to form multiple 60-nm poly-silicon gate layers.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2015

Due to an inability to accommodate for the rapidly increasing number of printed materials, Korean academic libraries are facing serious space shortage problems. Very few academic institutions have the funds to expand existing libraries or construct new facilities in order to accommodate the influx of printed materials. Despite not having the luxury to create new space, many establishments continue to implement the open access system. Seeing that such a system is only user friendly when used in a spacious facility, the maintenance of the open access system is unreasonable. Only few libraries consider the space efficient closed access system which helps to resolve storage space shortage. In the current state of the problem, improving the efficiency to which books are stored in existing storage areas within a library facility is the only appropriate solution. Enacting methods to improve physical space utilization within a fixed volume library facility will undoubtedly diminish the space shortage issue at hand. In this article, several space efficiency improvement approaches are discussed. Methods of book storage plan re-layout (floor, plan, ceiling, height, bookshelf design), book arrangement possibilities, and the reduction of the physical volume of reserved materials are each examined.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2008

The authors investigated an overhead shuttle (OHS) system for automatic transferring the liquid crystal display (LCD) panels. The constructed tracks of OHS system include the linear and curve regions and have been installed on the ceiling to transfer the cassette of LCD glass along the closed-loop and open-loop tracks. In this study, the OHS system was implemented by a proposed linear motor to solve encoder installation and the system cost problems of the long distance transfer system. In addition, we utilized a new algorithm of the position detection and a new control algorithm for driving linear motor. The newly developed control algorithm was demonstrated from both a computer simulation and an experimentation, indicating that the highly reliable and speedy transfer system can enhance the LCD panel productivity of commercial OHS system.