• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.81-87
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• 2021

Olive flounders which were cultured in commercial fish farm showed abnormal swimming behavior in November 2020. Then, gradual mortality was observed in the fish farm. During the diagnosis, bacterial strain KNCFKW-PN1 was isolated from the kidney of the dead fish. Based on the sequence of gyrase B subunit gene, KNCFKW-PN1 was proved to be Pseudoalteromonas nigrifaciens, showing 99.59% nucleotide identity with that of P. nigrifaciens LMG 2227^T. According to the result of antibiotic susceptibility test, P. nigrifaciens KNCFKW-PN1 showed intermediate resistance to ciprofloxacin, and was resistant to ampicillin, cefepime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and amikacin. This is the first report of the isolation of multiple-antibiotic-resistant P. nigrifaciens from olive flounder.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.45 no.7
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• pp.836-846
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• 2002

Purpose : With the development of neonatal intensive care and the increased use of systemic antibiotics, candida sepsis has become one of the most important causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence rate and its associated risk factors. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 28 cases with candida sepsis who were admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) of Chonnam University Hospital from July 1995 to June 2001. Twenty-nine patients without candida sepsis were enrolled for the control group to verify the risk factors. Results : The overall incidence of candida sepsis was 0.61% for all NICU admissions and 3.68% for all very low birth weight infants with the gradual increase of the annual prevalance rate over time. The endotracheal intubation, percutaneous central vein catheter(PCVC), umbilical vein catheter, total parenteral nutrition, intralipid and dopamine were more applied than the control group (P<0.01 for all). The durations of mechanical ventilator care, central catheter appliance, nothing per os, and admission were also significantly longer than the control group(P<0.01 for all). Ampicillin/ sulbactam, ceftazidime, amikacin, netilmicin, teicoplanin and imipenem/cilastatin were significantly more used than the control group(P<0.05). The durations of ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime, netilmicin and imipenem/cilastatin administration were also proved to be significant as the risk factors(P<0.01). Conclusion : The average annual prevalence rate of candida sepsis in NICU for six years was 0.61% with gradual increasing tendency over time. The elimination of the above risk factors is important in decreasing neonatal morbidity and mortality associated with candida sepsis.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.157-165
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• 2005

Purpose : Children occupy a large proportion of burn victims. So we want to aid to pediatric burn care through the understanding of the bacterial distribution in burn wounds and antibiotic susceptibility against isolated microorganisms from burn wounds. Methods : We analysed the medical records of 213 pediatric burn patients(0~15 years), 406 samples that grew bacteria in burn wound sites. Results : Of the total 213 patients, male were 59.6% and female were 40.4%. Scalding burn was the most common(78.4%), flame burn was the second(16.4%). Pathogens were isolated in 406 samples. The most common was Pseudomonas aeruginosa(58.1%). Next were Enterococcus species, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus species, Acinetobacter species. P. aeruginosa was resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in 100%, cephalothin in 98.1%, ampicillin-sulbactam in 96.2%, ampicillin in 95.3%, ceftriaxone in 95.2%, tobramycin in 93.7%, cefoperazone in 68.9%, ceftazidime in 67.7%. Enterococcus species were resistant to tetracycline in 63.9%, streptomycin in 45.5%, gentamicin in 36.1%, penicillin G in 13.7%. S. aureus was resistant to gentamicin in 89.7%, tetracycline in 86.2%, ciprofloxacin in 86.2%, penicillin G in 84.3%, oxacillin in 78.4%, erythromycin in 76.5%. Acinetobacter species were resistant to ampicillin-sulbactam in 100%, gentamicin in 85.7%, ampicillin in 83.3%, piperacillin in 61.5%. Conclusion : P. aeruginosa was highly resistant to drugs like cefoperazone in 68.9%, ceftazidime 67.7%. S. aureus was highly resistant to penicillin G in 84.3%, oxacillin in 25.9 %, but none to vancomycin in 0%, teicoplanin in 2.2%. According to the study, Acinetobacter species turned out to be multi-resistant strains, so careful attention must be paid to the choice of antibiotics.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.35-44
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the clinical features of recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) in children with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and to compare the causative uropathogen and antibiotic susceptibility between the first and recurrent UTI episodes. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of children with VUR who had recurrent UTI. Group 1 included patients in whom the same pathogen caused the first and recurrent UTI episodes. Group 2 included patients in whom different pathogens caused the first and recurrent UTI episodes. Results: During a 13-year study period (2005-2018), 77 children with VUR experienced at least one episode of UTI. Among these, 47 patients (61.0%) had recurrent UTI. Of the children with recurrent UTI, 19 (40.4%) were in group 1 and 28 (59.6%) were in group 2. Escherichia coli was the most commonly isolated uropathogen (n=37; 39.4%) in both episodes of recurrent UTIs, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=18; 19.1%), Enterococcus faecalis (n=14; 14.9%), and Enterobacter aerogenes (n=7; 7.4%). Although the difference was not significant, the rate of resistance to the antibiotics ceftazidime, piperacillin/tazobactam, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole increased in patients with the second episode of E. coli recurrence in group 1, and that to cefotaxime, ceftazidime, piperacillin/tazobactam, and meropenem increased in children with the second episode of E. aerogenes recurrence in group 1. Conclusions: When selecting empirical antibiotics for recurrent UTI in children with VUR, it is important to consider that the pathogen and antimicrobial susceptibility of the previous UTI are not always the same in recurrent UTIs.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.213-220
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• 2008

Purpose : This study aims to verify the effectiveness of initial empirical antibiotic choice recommended by the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis(ISPD) guide among Korean children. Methods : We have collected data on peritonitis from January 2001 to December 2007 in Samsung Medical Center. Results : Of the 42 patients, 48 episodes of peritonitis had occurred in 21 patients. The rate of peritonitis was one episode over 35.3 patient-months. Mean dialysis duration before peritonitis was 18.06$\pm$15.81 months. Gram-positive organisms accounted for 58.3% of all episodes. Of the gram-positive organisms, the most common pathogen was Staphylococcus aureus(29.2%), the next common pathogens were Coagulase negative staphylococcus(14.6%) and Streptococcus species(6.3%). 35.7% of gram-positive pathogens were resistant to 1st cephalosporin. However, in patients younger than 4 years old, 50% of gram-positive pathogens were resistant to 1st generation cephalosporin. 10 episodes of peritonitis were methicillin-resistant and were treated by vancomycin. Of the gram-negative organisms, E. coli was the most common (8.3%). 64.8% of all pathogens were sensitive to cephalothin or ceftazidime. Conclusion : The empirical therapy with 1st generation cephalosporin and ceftazidime can be also effective to peritoneal dialysis associated peritonitis in Korean children. However, in patients younger than 4 years old, glycopeptide should be considered as the first empirical therapy in Korean children.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.196-203
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• 1993

We compared in vitro antibacterial activity of DWC-751, a new parenteral cephalosporin antibiotic, with those of cefpirome (CPR), cefotaxime (CTX) and ceftazidime (CAZ). DWC-751 showed a broad antimicrobial spectrum against Gram-positive and negative bacteria. The antibacterial activity of DWC-751 against Stapylococcus aureus was equal to that of CPR and superior to those of CTX and CAZ. The activity of it against Excherichia coli was more potent than those of CPR, CTX and CAZ. Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, DWC-751 was slightly inferior to that of CAZ and superior to those of CPR and CTX. The antibacterial activity of DWC-751 was superior to those of CPR, CTX and CAZ against clinical isolates and ofloxacin resistant strains. DWC-751 showed bactericidal action against Escherichia coli at concentrations close to the MIC and induced the formation of filament and burge and lysis of Escherichia coli in a microscopic examination.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.75-79
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• 2008

86 clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii and 116 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from clinical specimens were collected from a hospital in Daegu city area. We investigated the Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa isolated from sputum, urine, wound, blood, nasal swab, body fluid. The antimicrobial resistance of A. baumannii were shown 96% for piperacillin, carbenicillin 82%. cefotaxime 78%, ciprofloxacin 77%, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprime 76%, ceftazidime 75%, tobramycin 72%. For P. aeruginosa, the resistance of cefotaxime and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprime were 100%, carbenicillin 49%, piperacillin 47%, ticarcillin 45%, ticarcillin/ clavulanic acid 40%.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.294-299
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• 1997

A study was conducted to determine contamination status of fish sold at wholesale market in Seoul. A total of 79 samples (35 different kindry fish) were collected from the wholesale market. E. coli and coliform group bacteria were cultured and tested for sensitivity against antibiotics. The results are summarized as follows; 1. E. coli was isolated from 23 out of 79 samples (29.1%), and coliform groups from 53 out of 79 (67.1%). 2. Of coliform group, Citrobacter freundii was the most common and Enterobacter clacae was the next. 3.23 E. coli strains isolated from fishes were resistant to Oxacillin, Erythromycin and Lincomycin, meanwhile 23 E. coli strains were sensitive to Cefoperazone, Ceftazidime, Imipenem, and Ciprofloxacin.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1996.04a
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• pp.233-233
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• 1996

배지의 영향에 대하여 검토하기 위하여 SDA, MHA, NA 및 BHIA를 사용하였으며, 시험균주 중 Pseudomonas aeruginosa에 대하여만 NA에서의 MIC 값이 낮게 나타났을 뿐 나머지 균주에 대하여는 배지에 따른 항균력 변화가 관찰되지 않았으며, 배지의 pH를 5.4-8.4까지 변화시켰을 때 pH 변화에 따른 DA-1131의 유의적인 항균력 변화와 접종균량에 따른 항균력 변화가 관찰되지 않았다. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)에 대하여는 DA-1131과 vancomycin 간의 상승 및 상가작용이 관찰되었고, P. aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae 및 Serratia marcescens 등의 균종에 대하여는 ciprofloxacin의 상가작용이 확인되었다. Sisomicin은 P. aeruginosa에 대한 상승 및 상가작용이 인정되었으나 ceftazidime은 DA-1131에 의한 길항작용이 관찰되었다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.126-130
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• 2000

A 40-year-old female with hypertensive thalamic hemorrhage, secondary intraventricular hemorrhage, and hydrocephalus was treated with extraventricular drainage. She developed catheter-related ventriculitis caused by gram-negative rods, Enterobacter aerogenes. She was treated with systemic pefloxacine, ceftazidime, amikin and intraventricular vancomycin, gentamicin was unsuccessful. The ventriculitis was successfully controlled by intraventricular administration of the pefloxacine. Regarding their excellent activity against gram-negative rods, Enterobacter aerogenes, and probable safety when administered intraventricularly, administration of the pefloxacine, may be considered in the treatment of ventriculitis if the pathogen is resistant to other conventional antibiotics.