• 한국어학
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• 제48권
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• pp.333-354
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• 2010

When defining the word related to passive and causative in Korean dictionary, the meaning of headword can be explained by linking them to other related words. The link could be expressed into two forms; the one is 'passive verb causative verb of A' and the other is 'passive form causative form of A.' Whichever the dictionary takes, the important thing is that the content to which it refer should be correct. However the format of 'passive verb causative verb of A' and 'passive form causative form of A' is problematic because the definition of headword does not contain semantic information but syntactic or morphological information. Generic concept 'passive form causative form' and 'passive verb causative verb' refers to respectively morphological and syntactic level but specific concept 'A' refers to semantic level. These morphological, syntactic and semantic level can not be a same dimension so the size of their denotation can not be compared. The way of transform syntactic dimension 'passive verb causative verb' and morphological dimension 'passive form causative form' into semantic dimension is removing 'verb' and 'form' from 'passive verb causative verb' and 'passive form causative form' respectively. Therefore the expression 'passive verb causative verb of A' or 'passive form causative form of A' ought be changed into 'passive causative of A.'

• 대한음성언어의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성언어의학회 1995년도 제4회 학술대회 심포지움 및 워크샵
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• pp.128-136
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• 1995

Diagnostic evaluation for voice disorders requires a multidimensional approach : physiological examination of the larynx and the vocal tract, aerodynamic studies, examinations of vocal fold vibrations, psychoacoustic evaluations, acoustical analyses, and so on. Previous studies with the use of a computer system suggested that the acoustic evaluation is quite promising for differentiating some causative diseases of voice disorders(Hiki et al., 1975a, b, 1976 ; Kakita et al., 1980). However, a well-equipped computer system for acoustic analysis is very expensive and not available in most voice clinics. A sound spectrograph is available in many voice clinics. (omitted)

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2022

Tracheostomy refers to a surgical incision created in the neck to allow direct air entry into the trachea bypassing the upper respiratory tract including the oral and nasal cavities. Normal vocalization and swallowing are limited immediately postoperatively; however, gradual recovery of vocalization and swallowing function can be initiated, following improvement in the causative condition that necessitated the tracheostomy. Duration of the tracheostomy depends upon the patient's condition, and the degree of vocalization and swallowing function recovery after tracheostomy tube removal varies widely across patients. In this review, we investigated the changes associated with vocalization and swallowing function in patients who underwent tracheostomy and have discussed the various approaches and voice rehabilitation treatments to aid with normal recovery.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.161-166
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• 2000

Background and Objectives : Vocal fold hemorrhage occur by blood accumulation in Reinke's space by vocal trauma. It is mostly asymptomatic, but in some cases it may cause severe dysphonia. It is often seen in patients who use their voice professionally. However, recent changes of life style affected the phonation in general population. We studied to know what are the causes and what are the major factors to affect the vocal fold hemorrhages. Materials and Methods : 19 subjects were evaluated by using of questionaire and laryngoscopic examinations. We evaluated the factors to lead the change in voice directly, underlying causes, occupations and laryngeal findings. Results : The direct causes of the vocal fold hemorrhages were clearing throat, talking, coughing and singing. Reflux laryngitis and upper respiratory infection were the underlying diseases. Vocal fold hemorrhages were developed during the menstruation in 5 patients. Accompanying functional voice disorders were seen in 13 patients, such as, vocal fold nodule, nodule with varix, vocal polyp, Reinke's edema. Patients with reflux laryngitis had the habits of clearing throat as the direct cause of the vocal fold hemorrhages and had hyperkinetic functional voice disorders. Voice abuse was the direct cause of the vocal fold hemorrhages in patients who was in the period of the menstruation. The most common site of the hemorrhage was at the membranous portion of the vocal folds. Conclusions : Authors thought the forceful laryngeal activity was the cause of the vocal fold hemorrhages. And reflux laryngitis and menstruation was the risk factors of the vocal fold hemorrhages.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.94-96
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• 2015

Several distinct pathologic entities are encompassed in benign vocal fold lesions, including intracordal cysts, vascular ectasia, as well as vocal fold nodules and vocal fold polyps. Treatment options for theses lesions include both medical/conservative and surgical techniques. First approaches should be focus on correcting the underlying causative factors, largely through voice therapy and education. There are several laryngomicrosurgery techniques for removal of benign lesions. Much debate continues regarding the relative merits of cold instruments versus carbon dioxide laser removal of benign vocal fold lesions. Both techniques have the merits and the demerits each other. Therefore the surgeon should well comprehend the merits of each techniques and choose the proper procedure for patient's lesions.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.649-663
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• 2015

과학교육 논문의 글쓰기 실태를 한국어 기초 문법과 번역투의 측면에서 조사하고 그 개선점을 찾아보았다. 과학교육 연구는 사회과학과 자연과학의 특성을 모두 나타내며 양적 연구를 더 많이 하는 특징이 있어 논문 글쓰기 방식에 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 이 연구에서 번역투는 순수한 한국어가 아닌 외국어에서 유래한 상투적 표현을 말한다. 한국어 기초 문법은 호응의 문제, 맞춤법 띄어쓰기 문장 부호의 문제, 사동표현의 문제, 무분별한 영어 사용의 문제로 정리하였고, 번역투는 영어번역의 문제, 일본어 번역의 문제, 영어와 일본어 번역의 문제로 구분하였다. 이에 따라 한국과학교육학회지 한 호에 실린 논문 9편의 글쓰기 중에서 한국어 기초 문법에 어긋나는 사례와 번역투에 해당하는 사례를 찾아 문제를 논의하고 대안을 제시하였다. 빈도가 높은 문제사례는 '~적', '영어 사용', '복수 표현', '하다류 피동', '~고 있는', '~을 통하여', '~에 대하여', '가지다', '관형격조사 ~의', '사물주어 수동태', '사동(시키다)' 등이었다. 연구 결과에 기초하여 과학교육 소논문의 글쓰기 특징을 '양적 연구의 글쓰기', '학술 연구의 객관적 글쓰기', '외국에서 유래한 연구의 글쓰기' 세 가지로 정리하였다. 과학교육 논문 글쓰기에 나타나는 문제를 개선하기 위해 과학교육 연구자는 한국어 기초 문법과 번역투에 관심을 기울이고, 구체적인 사례와 내용을 숙지할 필요가 있다. 이 연구의 결과는 한국어 글쓰기 교육과 문법 교육에 활용할 수 있다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.188-195
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• 2000

Objective : Essential tremor(ET) is the most common movement disorder, however, there has been little agreement in the neurologic literature regarding diagnostic criteria for ET. Familial ET is an autosomal dominant disorder presenting as an isolated postural tremor. The main feature of ET is postural tremor of the arms with later involvement of the head, voice, or legs. In previous studies, it was reported that ET susceptibility was inherited in an autosomal dominant inheritance. As previous results, it would suggest that ET might be associated with defect of mitochondrial or nuclear DNA. Recent studies are focusing on molecular genetic detection of movement disorders, such as essential tremor and restless legs syndrome. Moreover, authors have analysed mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) from the blood cell of positive control(PC) and ET patients via long and accurate polymerase chain reaction(LA PCR). Materials & Methods : Blood samples were collected from PC and 9 ET patients. Total DNA was extracted twice with phenol followed by chloroform : isoamylalcohol. For the analysis of mtDNA, LA PCR was performed by mitochondrial specific primers. Results : With this technique, deletions of large quantities were detected within several regions of mtDNA in ET patients except for D-loop and CO I regions. Conclusion : The authors believe that ET is a genentic disorder with deficiency of mitochondrial DNA multicomplexes and mitochondiral dysfunction could be one of major causative factors of ET. Mitochondrial dysfunction may play an important role in the pathogenesis and possibility of disease progression among familial group with ET patients.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.27-30
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• 2020

Among lesions in the larynx, laryngeal contact granuloma due to persistent tissue irritation can typically be attributed to endotracheal intubation, vocal abuse, or gastro-esophageal reflux disease. Treatment typically includes voice therapy, lifestyle changes and use of anti-reflux medication. Microsurgical removal is only indicated in cases of severe dyspnea due to mass size. Foreign body granuloma is a response of to any foreign material in the tissue. Foreign body granulomas are sometimes misdiagnosed as soft tissue tumors when the causative foreign body is not initially found. Delayed treatment of these foreign bodies may cause complications. We present a case of larynx granuloma due to impacted foreign body, probably fish bone, in the larynx that mimicked contact granuloma. We initially used anti-reflux medication, but to no avail. The laryngeal mass, observed through laryngoscopy, showed no improvement and therefore necessitated a proper pathologic diagnosis. We were able to successfully treat it via trans-oral laser CO2 microsurgery before any complications developed.