• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.88-102
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• 1989

This survey was conducted in order to find out the degree of health service activities of Public Health Nurses & variables relevant to their activities. The subjects of this survey were 232 PHN in Health Centers, Inchon & Kyung Gi area. Data were collected by mean of questionairs from 30th, September to 30th, October, 1986. For the analysis, ANOVA was used. The results were as follows; 1. General characteristics of PHN: o An approximately four fifth of the subjects (82.3%) was between 20-39 years. o The average career length of the subjects as PHN was 4 years. o Their educational level was almost Nursing School (22.4%) Junior College of Nursing (53.4%). o The marital status of the subjects was already married (75.4%). 3. The degree of health service activities of PHN; o The total mean of health service activities was 2.147 (S.D: 1.477, range 11-5). o Among the 11 Health Service Categories; Health service planning (2.828) is the highest mean scored category. The lowest mean scored category was the other health services. o Among the specific activity items about the 11 health service categories, the highest scored activities were 'personal counselling & education' in well-baby care (2.504), family planning (2.530), Tb control (2.134), disease control (2.371), 'health history taking & health examination', in prenatal care, 'clinic care', in administrative service, 'record & report', in the other categories. o Almost categories (10), 'Home visiting' was the lowest scored activity. 3. The relevance for the health service activities by several variables were as follows; o The relevance for the health service activities by general characteristics of PHN was not shown significance at age, educational level, marital status, relegion status. o And at work place, & work department was shown high significance.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.12-22
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• 1976

Amongst varieties of clinical nursing role, the administration of medication is often highlighted as of prime importance. In order to attain data for the improvement of teaching strategies of medication, diagnostic evaluation of the knowledge level is a necessity. This study was performed from August through December 1975. 449 registered nurses, randomly sampled from general hospitals:16 of Seoul and 7 of Taegu and Pusan, were tested through 54 test questionaries based on 4 practical dimensions of administration of medication. Results are as follows ; 1. Status of respondents: Length of clinical experiences; the average length revealed to be 2 years and 7 months, 72% revealed to have had less than 3 years of experience; 38.6%-less than 1 year, 19 .2%-over 1 year and less than 2 years, and 14, 2%-over 2 years and less than 3 years. Type of Nursing education received ; 9.4% revealed to have graduated technical high school of nursing, 67.5o/o the 3 year diploma school and 21, 7% the baccalaureate degree program. The knowledge Level; Degree of self-satisfaction on knowledge level revealed that;27, 4% responded to "more or less satisfied", 48.8% "more or less un-satisfied" and 19.8% to "not satisfied". The average level of basic knowledge revealed to be moderate by 66.95 points. The level of knowledge of 4 questionnaire categories revealed that; drug action category by average of 66.5 points, methodology category by 65.4 Points, safety measure category by 71.4 points and terminology and concepts category by 64.6 points, Questionnaire items which revealed high points are of;6 of drug action category, 4 of methodology, 4 of safety measure, and 3 of terminology. The items of low points are: 8 of drug action, 3 of methodology, 3 of safety measure and 5 of terminolology categories. 3. The type of nursing education revealed to have no significant influence on the level of knowledge on the administration of medication. 4. The length of clinical experience revealed to have no significant influence on the level of knowledge. 5. 75. l% responded that the actual practice of medication modes are "similar" to that included in the fundamentals of nursing course. 6. In-service education on medication; 54.0% revealed to have some incidental in-service education on medication while 34.0% receive programmed in- service education. 61.8% revealed to have expressed the need of systemic In-service education as one of the means for improvement of medication. 32.7% revealed to obtain information concerning medicine by reading commercial publications on drug package, while only 20.9% by reading specific information channel.

• 대기
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.287-297
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• 2008

The vertical profiles and optical properties of Asian dust are investigated using ground-based measurements from 1998 to 2002. Vertical profiles of aerosol extinction coefficient are evaluated using MPL (Micro Pulse Lidar) data. Optical parameters such as aerosol optical thickness ($\tau$), ${\AA}ngstr\ddot{o}m$ exponent ($\alpha$), single scattering albedo ($\omega$), refractive index, and volume size distribution are analyzed with sun/sky radiometer data for the same period. We can separate aerosol vertical profiles into three categories. First category named as 'Asian dust case', which aerosol extinction coefficient is larger than $0.15km^{-1}$ and dust layer exists from surface up to 3-4km. Second category named as 'Elevated aerosol case', which aerosol layer exists between 2 and 6km with 1-2.5km thickness, and extinction coefficient is smaller than $0.15km^{-1}$. Third category named as 'Clear sky case', which aerosol extinction coefficient appears smaller than $0.15km^{-1}$. and shows that diurnal variation of background aerosol in urban area. While optical parameters for first category indicate that $\tau$ and $\alpha$ are $0.63{\pm}0.14$, $0.48{\pm}0.19$, respectively. Also, aerosol volume concentration is increased for range of 1 and $4{\mu}m$, in coarse mode. Optical parameters for second category can be separated into two different types. Optical properties of first type are very close to Asian dust cases. Also, dust reports of source region and backward trajectory analyses assure that these type is much related with Asian dust event. However, optical properties of the other type are similar to those of urban aerosol. For clear sky case, $\tau$ is relatively smaller and $\alpha$ is larger compare with other cases. Each case shows distinct characteristics in aerosol optical parameters.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.227-234
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• 2017

본 논문은 쇼핑몰 플랫폼에 있는 상품을 이미지 기반으로 카테고리를 자동 분류하는 시스템 구현에 관한 연구내용이다. 인터넷 쇼핑몰에서 판매되는 수많은 제품은 용도 중심으로 정의된 카테고리 구조 속에서 제품을 분류하고 있다. 하지만 상품의 분류가 불확실하여 쇼핑몰 판매자 판단으로 분류된 상품과 구매 사용자 판단이 다를 경우는 카테고리 분류에 의한 검색이 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 상품 이미지를 이용하여 딥 러닝(Deep Learning) 기술에 의한 분류와 검색 방법을 제안하며, 상품 이미지만으로 분류를 수행 한 후, 검증 데이터를 통해서 그 속도와 정확도를 수치화하였다. 또한, 성능 비교는 동일한 검증 데이터를 사용하여 실험 참가자의 설문 테스트를 통해서 그 사용성 평가를 실시하였다.

• 감성과학
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.59-72
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• 2021

개념과 범주는 관찰하지 못한 속성을 추론할 수 있는 기반을 제공한다. 무의미 속성을 사용한 범주기반 속성추론 연구들은 범주 및 속성의 유사성이 추론을 설명하는 핵심 요인이라는 것을 제안했다(Rips, 1975; Osherson et al., 1990). 이후 연구들은 사람들의 사전지식이 범주기반 추론에 막대한 영향을 미치며 심지어 유사성 효과가 완전히 사라지는 경우도 있음을 보고했다. 본 연구는 범주 속성들이 사전지식의 한 종류인 인과적 지식에 의해 사슬구조로 연결되었을 때의 범주기반 속성추론을 검증했으며 그 결과를 예측하는 속성추론모형을 제안했다. 참가자들은 네 개의 속성들이 사슬구조를 이루는 인과적 범주를 학습한 뒤 해당 범주의 다양한 범주 예시들의 숨겨진 속성에 대한 추론을 실시했다. 그 결과 인과적으로 직접 연결된 속성뿐만 아니라 다른 속성 노드에 의해 차폐된 속성들도 추론에 영향을 미치는 비독립성이 나타났다(인과적 마코프 조건의 위배). 인과모형이론(Sloman, 2005)에 기반한 속성추론모형을 적용하여 참가자들의 추론을 모델링한 결과 인과적 연결의 직접 효과뿐만 아니라 간접 효과 즉 인과추론의 비독립성도 예측하는 것으로 나타났다. 다만 간접적으로 연결된 속성들은 인과적 거리와 무관하게 참가자들의 추론평정에 동일하게 영향을 미쳤지만 모형은 거리가 멀어짐에 따라 추론에 미치는 영향이 작아짐을 예측했다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.225-236
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• 2009

This study has identified human performance research issues associated with the implementation of new technology in nuclear power plants (NPPs). To identify the research issues, current industry developments and trends were evaluated in the areas of reactor technology, instrumentation and control technology, human-system integration technology, and human factors engineering (HFE) methods and tools. The issues were prioritized into four categories based on evaluations provided by 14 independent subject matter experts representing vendors, utilities, research organizations and regulators. Twenty issues were categorized into the top priority category. The study also identifies the priority of each issue and the rationale for those in the top priority category. The top priority issues were then organized into research program areas of: New Concepts of Operation using Multi-agent Teams, Human-system Interface Design, Complexity Issues in Advanced Systems, Operating Experience of New and Modernized Plants, and HFE Methods and Tools. The results can serve as input to the development of a long-term strategy and plan for addressing human performance in these areas to support the safe operation of new NPPs.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.1255-1302
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• 2023

We study various aspects of the structure and representation theory of singular Artin monoids. This includes a number of generalizations of the desingularization map and explicit presentations for certain finite quotient monoids of diagrammatic nature. The main result is a categorification of the classical desingularization map for singular Artin monoids associated to finite Weyl groups using BGG category 𝒪.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2022

Sharehouse has been supplied as an alternative to solving the steadily increasing one-room housing problem of single-person households every year, and it is necessary to investigate the satisfaction of residents who actually live in sharehouse through P.O.E. Therefore, this study analyzed priror researches related to the existing one-person households, sharehouses, and satisfaction surveys, and summarized indicators with high relevance and frequency to derive satisfaction survey factors that can clearly evaluate the improvement architectural plan of sharehouses. As a result, it was classified into 4 items in the 'general information' category to investigate the status, housing rental type, and housing cost of the sharehouse, 15 factors in the 'peripheral environment' category to evaluate the safety, 3 factors in the 'community' category, and 17 factors in the space (facility) and service category. In the "General Information" section, the overall one-person housing satisfaction, desired sharehouse type, housing rental type, housing cost, and living expenses were reduced. In the "Surrounding Environment", accessibility to public office, accessibility to cultural facilities, accessibility to medical facilities, accessibility to work and school, convenience stores, noise pollution and safety. In addition, in the "community" section, it consists of interactions with various people, relationships with housemates and in the "space (facilities) and service" section, heating, waterproof, soundproof, ventilation, moisture and condensation blocking, facility management, interior, room size, built-in furniture, storage space, laundry, parking. Most of the scales for each factor were 5-point Likert scales, allowing evaluation of the degree of satisfaction, and some factors presented criteria to induce structured answers. Therfore, it is expected that the survey will be conducted on residents who actually live by deriving factors for the satisfaction survey of one-person households living in the sharehouse, and the current status of the sharehouse will be identified, and the degree of satisfaction will be analyzed to be used for research.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.555-561
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• 2008

국내에서 생산, 유통되고 있는 영유아용 분말 조제분유 99제품을 수집하여 일반세균, 대장균군, FAO/WHO Category A, B, C 위해세균 분류에 따른 오염현황을 분석하였다. 일반세균수는 총 99개의 제품 중 92개의 제품에서 검출(93%)되었으며 $1.83{\pm}0.68\;Log\;CFU/g$의 분포를 보였다. 최고 $4.5\;Log\;CFU/g$가 검출된 한 제품을 제외하고는 조제분유의 총균수의 기준규격에 적합하였다. 대장균군은 조제분유 대장균군의 기준규격이 음성인 것에 비해 99개의 제품 중 12개의 제품에서 검출(12%)되었으며 $1.26{\pm}1.03\;\log\;MPN/g$의 분포를 보였다. 대장균은 한 제품에서 0.48 log MPN/g으로 검출되었다. Category A 세균인 Salmonella와 En. sakazakii의 오염도 분석 결과 총 99개의 모든 제품에서 검출되지 않았다. Category B group인 세균 중에서 장내세균은 99개의 제품 중 25개의 제품에서 검출(25%)되었고 오염수준은 $0.83{\pm}1.37\;\log\;MPN/g$으로 나타났다. 검출된 Category B group 세균들로는 Escherichia vulneris, Es. hermannii, Pantoea spp., Citrobacter koseri, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloaceae 등이었다. Category C세균의 오염은 Bacillus cereus가 조제분유 99개의 제품 중에서 29개의 제품이 검출(29%)되어 비교적 높은 오염도를 보였지만 오염수준은 $0.69{\pm}0.32\;\log\;MPN/g$으로서 B. cereus의 국내 기준규격에 모두 적합하였다. 그 외의 Category C 세균은 검출되지 않았다. 국내 유통 조제분유의 주요 위해세균의 대한 미생물 오염정도가 낮아 미생물 기준 규격에 적합한 것으로 평가되었다. 그러나 Category B의 장내세균은 높은 검출율을 보였고 질환을 유발시킬 수 있는 균들이 확인되어 잠재적인 위험이 있다고 사료된다. 따라서 비살균식품인 조제분유의 특성상 잠재적인 위해세균 모니터링이 지속적으로 필요하며 그에 대한 안전성 확보에 능동적 자세가 필요하다.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.29-44
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 El $Ni{\tilde{n}}o$-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) 발달과 소멸의 영향에 따른 태풍 강도와 태풍 발생지역의 상관성을 살펴보았다. 1950년부터 2006년까지의 장기간 자료를 이용하였으며, 먼저 엘니뇨 발달해와 정상해를 정의하였다. 엘니뇨 발달해 동안에 태풍 강도와 태풍 발생지역이 높은 상관성을 나타내고 이는 누적 저기압 에너지와 태풍 에너지 강도가 증가한 결과이다. $Ni{\tilde{n}}o$ 3.4 지역의 해수면 온도를 기준으로 한 경우 엘니뇨 발달해에는, category 4+5에 해당하는 태풍의 발생지역이 동쪽으로 치우쳐 나타난다. 태풍 발생 잠재 함수와 하층의 저기압성 회전성은 태풍급에 해당하는 강도로 발달할 수 있는 강한 열대성 저기압의 발생에 중요한 요소가 된다. 본 논문에서는 역학적 잠재력[DP, Gray(1977)]과 MJO의 EOF 첫 번째 모드와 두 번째 모드의 시계열에 해당하는 RMM1, RMM2 (Wheeler and Hendon, 2004)를 이용하여 태풍 발생의 잠재함수와 대기 하층의 저기압성 회전성을 측정하였다. ENSO가 발달하는 해와 소멸하는 해와 영향을 찾아보기 위하여 엘니뇨가 소멸이 급격히 일어나 라니냐로 전환되는 Type I과 정상해로 회복하는 Type II를 정의하였다. Type I의 엘니뇨 소멸기간 동안에는 DP값과 RMM1, RMM2의 발달이 현저하게 서쪽으로 치우쳐 나타나며 강한 태풍의 발달을 지체시킴을 알 수 있었다.