• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.209-217
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• 2000

Mycobacterium sp. strain JCl DSM 3803 grown in methanol showed no methanol dehydrogenase or oxidase activities found in mast methylotrophic bacteria and yeasts, respectively. Even though the methanol-grown cells exhibited a little methanol-dependent oxidation by cytochrome c-dependent methanol dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase, they were not the key enzymes responsible for the methanol oxidation of the cells, in that the cells contained no c-type cytochrome and the methanol oxidizing activity from the partially purified alcohol dehydrogenase was too low, respectively. In substrate switching experiments, we found that only a catalase-peroxidase among the three types of catalase found in glucose-grown cells was highly expressed, in the methanol-grown cells and that its activity was relatively high during the exponential growth phase in Mycobacterium sp. JCl. Therefore, we propose that catalase-peroxidase is an essential enzyme responsible for the methanol metabolism directly Of indirectly in Mycobacterium sp. JCl.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.239-243
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• 1995

Deinococcus radiophilus, an UV resistant bacterium seemed to contain three issoenzymes of catalase. Among them, the samllest and most abundant species in cell-free extract, catalase-3 which also exhibited peroxidase activity was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity (145-fold purification) by chromatographic procedures. Its molecular weight was 155 kDa composed of four 38 kDa subunits. The $K_{m}$ value of catalase-3 for H$\_$2/O$\_$2/ was approximately 0.5 mM. This enzyme showed a typical ferric heme spectrum with maximum absorption at 405 nm. Upon binding to cyanide, the 405 nm peak shifted to 420 nm. Catalase-3 was very sensitive to inhibitors of heme proteins, such as cyanide, azide and hydroxylamine. A ratio of A$\_$405/A$\_$28O/ was 0.5 Catalase-3 was active over a wide range of pH, between pH 7 and 10. The enzyme was rather heat-labile and partially sensitive to edthanol-chloroform treatment, but resistant to 3-amino-1, 2, 4-triazole. Catalase-3 of D. radiophilus, which is a bifunction catalatic peroxidatic enzyme seemed to share certain molecular properties with the typical catalase and the catalase-[roxidase along with its own unique features.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.111-116
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to estimate the antioxidant activity of water extract of Cnidii Fructus (CF) and Torilis Fructus (TF) in Leydig cells. Methods : Free radical scavenging activity of CF and TF against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was determined spectrophotometrically. We investigated the effect of CF and TF in Leydig cells by MTT assay. The protective effects of CF and TF against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in Leydig cells. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase activity assays were performed in Leydig cells. Results : The results showed that CF scavenged DPPH radical in a dose-dependent manner by up to 81.2%, TF scavenged DPPH radical in a dose-dependent manner by up to 63.8%. CF showed cell viability as 121.0, 132.7, 126.6% in 5, 10, $100{\mu}g/ml$ concentrations. TF showed cell viability as 127.5, 111.8% in 5, $100{\mu}g/ml$ concentraions, respectively. The hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity of Leydig cells were protected to 86.3% by CF at concentration of $10{\mu}g/ml$ and protected to 83.5% by TF at concentration of $100{\mu}g/ml$. Both CF and TF at all concentrations, SOD activity was not significantly changed. Catalase activity was significantly increased at 10, $100{\mu}g/ml$ concentrations of CF, respectively. TF's catalase activity showed no significant difference from that of the control. Conclusions : These results suggest that CF, as an antioxidant, protects Leydig cells in hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. know that "Kwangjebikeup" played a role in settlement and spreading of foreign knowledge to civilians.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.146-152
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• 2005

The objective of present study was to investigate the effect of onion extracts on mercuryinduced cytotoxicity, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in primary monolayer cultures of rat hepatocytes. Primary cultures of rat hepatocytes were incubated for 6 hr in the presence of various concentrations (0, 1, 5, 10, 30 or 50 ppm) of $HgCl_2$. Cytotoxicity and cell viability were determined by measuring glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) activity, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) value. Lipid peroxidation w as evaluated using thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. Effects of onion extract on antioxidant system were determined by measuring catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSH-Rd) activities as well as DPPH free radical scavenging activity. $HgCl_2$ at the concentration of 10 ppm increased GOT activity and TBARS concentration but decreased %MTT reduction, whereas $HgCl_2$ at the concentration of 30 ppm increased LDH activity, representing that $HgCl_2$ caused cytotoxicity and lipid peroxidation in dose-dependent manner, $HgCl_2$ at the concentration of 30 ppm significantly decreased catalase, GSH-Px and GSH-Rd activities. When primary cultures of rat hepatocytes were incubated with various concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1 or 0.3 mg/ml) of onion extract for 6 hr in the presence of 30 ppm of $HgCl_2$, onion extracts at the concentration of 0.05 mg/ml decreased GOT activity, but increased %MTT reduction by 30 ppm of $HgCl_2$. $HgCl_2-induced$ LDH activity and TBARS concentration were decreased by onion extract at the concentration of 0.01 mg/ml. Taken together, onion extract prevented H$HgCl_2-induced$ hepatocyte injury and lipid peroxidation. Onion extracts at the concentration of 0.1 mg/ml almost or completely inhibited $HgCl_2-induced$ catalase and GSB-Px activities. GSH-Rd activity, however, was not affected by onion extract. Free radical scavengjing activity was increased as concentration of onion extract increased. Onion extract at the concentrion of 5 mg/ml possesed mote than 93% scavenging activity comparing to 100% radical scavenging activity by pyrogallol solution as a reference. These results demonstrate that onion extracts suppressed mercury-induced cytoctoxicity and lipid peroxidation by scavenging free radical and increasing catalase and GSH-Px activities.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.599-603
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• 2003

This study investigated the effects of Houttuynia Cordata thunb(HCT) administration on the biochemical parameters of function in liver of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) treated rats. Houttuynia Cordata thunb (200mg/kg) was administeres into rats intraperitoneally for four weeks , seven days after the injection of TCDD(1$\mu\textrm{g}$/kg). We examined the antioxidative enzymatic activity by measuring the level of AST, ALT , SOD and Catalase in serum and liver tissue of rats. HCT group showed 49% of inhibitive effect in AST activity compared to TANO group. ALT level of HCT group was decreased to the level of NO group. SOD and Catalase in TANO group were lower than in NO group, but SOD and Catalase in HCT group were increased by 46％ and by 50％ respectively compared to TANO group.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.471-477
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• 2006

We investigated the relationship between the $TiO_2$ photocatalytic decomposition of bisphenol A in water and biological toxicity to zebrafish (Danio rerio) during $1\sim28$ weeks post development stage. The bisphenol A in water was completely degraded by the $TiO_2$ photocatalysis in 50 hours. After the photocatalysis, no toxic effects on the morphogenesis of the zebrafish were observed during the development, growth, and maturate stages. Catalase activity of control group was not different from $1\sim5$ week post fertilized group. However, toxic effect on the catalase activity of adult stage(28 weeks) decreased 50% than control group.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.260-265
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• 1995

In an attempt to define the early biochemical determinants that participate in the pathogenesis of glycerol-induced nephrotoxicity, especially focusing on oxygen free radicals, we studied malondialdehyde (MDA) level and the activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase in the renal cortex of rats, and the concentrations of blood urea nitrogen(BUH) and serum creatinine of rats at 24hr after the injection of a 50% solution of glycerol. Sprague-Dawley albino rats weighing 240 to 260 mg were injected intramuscularly with a 50% solution of glycerol(2 mι/kg, 4 mι/kg and 8 mι/kg). The group treated with glycerol showed significantlv higher MDA level and catalase activity, lower SOD activity and higher BUN and serum creatinine concentrations at 24 hr after the injection as compared to those of control group. These results suggest that the excessive oxygen free radicals resulting from the depression of SOD activity is an important determinant in the pathogenesis of glycerol-induced nephrotoxicity.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.173-178
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• 1996

Aerobic cells are normally protected from the damage of free radicals by antioxidative on , zymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione (GSH) peroxidase, GSH S- transferase and GSH reductase which scavenge free radicals as well as nonenzymatic antioxidants such as ceruloplasmin, albumin and nonprotein-SH including GSH. The effects of each component (ginsenoside $Rb_1$, $Rb_2$, Rc, Rd, Re, $Rb_1$, Rf, $Rh_1$ and $Rh_2$) of red ginseng on the antioxidative enzyme activities were investigated in the liver in order to screen antioxidative components of red ginseng. Ginsenoside $Rb_1$ and Rc showed a tendency to increase GSH peroxidase activity, while ginsenoside Rc significantly decreased Cu,Zn-SOD activity. Especially, ginsenoside $Rh_2$ significantly increased catalase activity. These results suggest that ginsenoside $Rh_2$ is an important active component among total saponins of red ginseng.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.115-121
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• 2020

Caenorhabditis elegans model system was used to investigate the antioxidant activity of methanol extract of Mallotus japonicus twigs. The ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the M. japonicus methanol extract showed the best DPPH radical scavenging activity. The ethyl acetate fraction was measured for the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and oxidative stress tolerance by using C. elegans along with reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. In addition, to confirm that the regulation of the stress response gene is responsible for the increased stress tolerance of C. elegans treated by the ethyl acetate fraction, SOD-3 expression was measured using a transgenic strain. As a result, the ethyl acetate fraction increased SOD and catalase activity, and decreased ROS accumulation in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the ethyl acetate fraction-treated CF1553 worm showed higher SOD-3::GFP intensity than the control worm.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.207-212
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• 2022

Through the Caenorhabditis elegans model system, the antioxidant activity of methanol extract of Ixeis dentata was investigated. The ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the I. dentata methanol extract showed the best DPPH radical scavenging activity. The ethyl acetate fraction was measured for the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and oxidative stress tolerance by using C. elegans along with reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. In addition, to confirm that the regulation of the stress response gene is responsible for the increased stress tolerance of C. elegans treated by the ethyl acetate fraction, SOD-3 expression was measured using a transgenic strain (CF1553). As a result, the ethyl acetate fraction increased SOD and catalase activity, and decreased ROS accumulation in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the ethyl acetate fraction-treated CF1553 worm showed higher SOD-3::GFP intensity than the control worm.