• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.199-224
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• 2018

Aviation's safety record continues to improve yearly, especially with respect to passenger and crew injuries and deaths. However, although the number of accidents has decreased over the decades, there are still many events, such as landings short of the runway and runway excursions, both of which pose threats to passenger and crew safety. Surviving any kind of aviation accident depends on the physiological threat and stress of the impact(s), the extent to which the physical structure surrounding the passengers and crew remains intact, and the ability of the passengers and crew to be able to escape the wreckage. The one action that both passengers and crew can carry out to help decrease the likelihood of crash-related injury or death is to assume an emergency brace position. Doing so has been demonstrated over several decades to improve survivability. While cabin crew are taught (and then might have to teach passengers in an emergency about the emergency brace position), passengers in many parts of the world never learn about the brace position unless they are involved in an emergency in which there is time to prepare for the landing. This lack of provision of information is related to the fact that most airlines do not provide information in the preflight safety briefing and some do not even provide the information in the passenger safety cards. Many countries do not require their airlines to do so, a fact, which in turn, is related to the lack of mention of the brace position in ICAO's Annex 6. Until standards and recommended practices are changed at the highest world level, passengers will continue to be deprived of this vital, life-saving information that they can use, potentially to help save their own lives.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.102-112
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• 2019

This study is a quasi-experimental of one-group pretest-posttest design to verify the effects on loneliness, depression and self-esteem when conducted the cognitive function enhancement program for elderly people over 75 years old. It was carried out on 6 persons living in C North G Country who was subjected to elderly people over 75 years old for 10 weeks from September 26, 2016 to December 17,2016 in order to compare changes in loneliness, depression, and self-esteem. As a result, it was found that depression had noticeably decreased and self-esteem had significantly improved with the program. Thus, the cognitive enhancement program is thought to carry benefits as nursing intervention for the decrease in depression and the improvement of self-esteem in old-old elderly.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.64 no.2
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• pp.302-311
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• 2022

This study investigated the effect of a synergistic blend of free and buffered organic acid (FMP) on the performance of piglets born to sows supplemented with a blend of short- and medium-chain organic acids (SGG) during the late gestation and lactation period. A total of 150 multiparous sows (n = 50/treatment, Landrace × Yorkshire) were blocked (2.4 parity) and assigned to 1 of 3 dietary treatments: CON - corn-soybean meal-based basal diet, SGG-Low - CON+ 1.5 kg/ton SGG, and SGG-High - CON + 3kg/ton SGG. During weaning, 600 piglets (6.72 ± 0.5kg) which weaned from sows supplemented with 3 levels of SGG were allocated to 2 weaner diets (Control and FMP - 3kg/ton) following 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. Supplemental effects on performance were measured at d0-d21 and d 21-42, and the entire period. Pigs fed with FMP and born to sows supplemented with SGG-High gained more weight and ate more (p < 0.05) compared with those in the CON group in both phases, and with SGG-Low in the second phase. Over the entire post-weaning period, piglets born to sows supplemented with SGG-Low and SGG-High had a higher average daily gain (ADG) and body weight (BW) (p < 0.05). Regardless of sow treatment, pigs fed with an FMP diet had higher ADG (p < 0.001), BW (p = 0.045), and a lower feed conversion ratio (p = 0.033). Also, feeding FMP diets reduced the fecal Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens counts at d42. The current study indicates that sows fed SGG supplement had a positive carry-over effect on the post-weaning growth rate, and FMP supplement enhances the growth performance and reduced the number of C. perfringens and E. coli. Thus, the application of 3 kg/ton of SGG in sows' diet and subsequent feeding of piglets with FMP would be an effective strategy to improve growth rate and reduce pathogenic bacteria in post-weaned piglets.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.39-47
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the progress of negotiations between the two countries regarding the implementation of AFKN's satellite broadcasting on October 4, 1983, as well as the opposition of domestic public opinion, which emerged as an important variable in the negotiation process. Through this, it was intended to lay the foundation for the historical facts necessary to interpret the negotiation process between the two countries over the implementation of AFKN's satellite broadcasting in the context of world history of cultural globalization. As a research method, the historical literature research method was used, focusing on archive documents stored in diplomatic archives. The study revealed that public opinion's movement toward cultural imperialism under domestic political conditions, which had authoritarian control over the media, served as an accidental factor to help carry out the regime's interests of regime protection. Through these findings, this paper interpreted that AFKN-TV's satellite broadcasting, which was implemented under the U.S. Department of Defense plan without the prior consent of the Korean government, clearly shows that Korea has been "semi-forced" into the U.S.-led cultural globalization order.

• Water Engineering Research
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.95-105
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• 2000

A method is presented which enables easily the computation of the suspended sediment discharge as the mean sediment concentration and mean flow velocity. This method has significant advantages over the traditional method, which principally depend on a set of measured concentration data. The method is based on both a new sediment concentration and mean sediment concentration equations which have been derived from the entropy concept used in statistical mechanics and information theory: (1) The sediment concentration distribution equations derived, are capable of describing the variation of the concentration in the vertical direction. (2) The mean concentration equation derived, is capable of calculating easily the mean concentration by using only one measured concentration in open channel. The present study mainly addresses the following two subjects : (1) new sediment concentration and mean sediment concentration equations are derived from the entropy concept : (2) An efficient and useful method of suspended sediment-discharge measurements is developed which can facilitate the estimation of suspended sediment-discharge in open channel. Flume and laboratory data are used to carry out the research task outlined above. An efficient method for determining the suspended sediment-discharge in the open channel has been developed. The method presented also is efficient and applicable in estimating the sediment transport in rivers and the sediment deposit in the reservoirs, and can drastically reduce the time and cost of sediment measurements.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.12 no.5 s.48
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• pp.503-513
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• 2000

This study treats the criteria, considering the fuzziness occurred by optimization design. And we applied two weighting methods to show the relative importance of criteria. This study develops multi-objective optimization programs implementing plain stress analysis by FEM and discrete optimization design uniformaly. The developed program performs a sample design of 10-member steel truss. This study can carry over the multi-objective optimization based on total system fuzzy-genetic algorithms while performing the stress analysis and optimization design. Especially, when general optimization with unreliable constraints is cannot be solve this study can make optimization design closed to realistic with fuzzy theory.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2001

In this paper we investigate the properties of advection-dominated accretion flows (ADAFs) in case that outflows carry away infalling matter with its angular momentum and energy. Positive Bernoulli number in ADAFs allow a fraction of the gas to be expelled in a form of outflows. The ADAFs are also unstable to convection. We present self-similar solutions for advection-dominated accretion flows in the presence of outflows from the accretion flows(ADIOS). The axisymmetric flow is treated in variables integrated over polar sections and the effects of outflows on the accretion flow are parameterized for possible configurations compatible with the one dimensional self-similar ADAF solution. We explicitly derive self-similar solutions of ADAFs in the presence of outflows and show that the strong outflows in the accretion flows result in a flatter density profile, which is similar to that of the convection-dominated accretion flows(CDAFs) in which convection transports the angular momentum inward and the energy outward. There two different versions of the ADAF model should show similar behaviors in X-ray spectrum to some extent. Even though the two models may show similar behaviors, they should be distinguishable due to different physical properties. We suggest that for a central object of which mass is known these two different accretion flow should have different X-ray flux value due to deficient matter in the wind model.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.827-837
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• 2012

We propose a flow admission control (FAC) for setting up a wire-speed connection for new flows based on their negotiated bandwidth. It also terminates a flow that does not have a packet transmitted within a certain period determined by the users. The FAC can be used to provide a reliable transmission of user datagram and transmission control protocol applications. If the period of flows can be set to a short time period, we can monitor active flows that carry a packet over networks during the flow period. Such powerful flow management can also be applied to security systems to detect a denial-of-service attack. We implement a network processor called a flow management network processor (FMNP), which is the second generation of the device that supports FAC. It has forty reduced instruction set computer core processors optimized for packet processing. It is fabricated in 65-nm CMOS technology and has a 40-Gbps process performance. We prove that a flow router equipped with an FMNP is better than legacy systems in terms of throughput and packet loss.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2013

Nowadays, the utilization of renewable energy sources like wind energy is considered one of the most effective means of generating massive amounts of electricity. This is evident in the rapid increase of wind farms all over the world which comprise a huge number of wind turbines. However, the drawback of utilizing wind turbines is that it requires maintenance, which could be a costly operation. To keep the wind turbines in pristine condition so as to reduce downtime, the implementation of CMS (Condition Monitoring System) and FDS (Fault Detection System) is mandatory. The efficiency and accuracy of these systems are crucial in deciding when to carry out a maintenance process. In this paper, a fault detection system based on intelligent clustering method is proposed. Using SCADA data, the clustering model was trained and evaluated for its accuracy through rigorous simulations. Results show that the proposed approach is able to accurately detect the deteriorating condition of a wind turbine as it nears a downtime period.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.2435-2440
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• 2003

Manipulation of the nano/micro scale object has been a key technology in biology as the sizes of DNA, chromosome, nucleus, cell and embryo are within such order. For instance, for embryo cell manipulation, the cell injection is performed manually. The operator often spends over a year to carry out a cell manipulation project. Since the typical success rate of such operation is extremely low, automation of such biological cell manipulation has been asked. As the operator spends most of his time in finding the position of cell in the Petri dish and in injecting bio-material to the cell from the best orientation. In this paper, we propose a new strategy and a vision system, by which one can find, recognize and track nucleus, polar body, and zona pellucida of the embryo cell for automatic biomanipulation. The deformable template matching algorithm has been used in recognizing the nucleus and polar body of each cell. Result suggests that it outperforms the conventional methods.