• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 1994

For the purpose of improving microbiolgical quality of carrot powder, which is being used as minor ingredients of convenience foods, comparative influence of Υ-irradiation and ethylene oxide(E.O) fumigation was investigated with emphasis on sterilizating effect and physicochemical propertied Carrot powder sample was contaminated with thermophiles 4.0$\times$103/g, acid tolerant bacteria 3.7$\times$103/g and coliforms 1.6$\times$102/g, respectively. And thus sanitation process was required. E.O fumigation in commercial practice was not enough to destroy thermophilic bacteria, while Υ-irradiation at below 5 kGy could reduce all microorganisms up to undectected levels. Radiosensitivity(D10) of thermophiles was shown to be 2.25 kGy. The applicable dose of irradiation to the improvement of microbiological quality showed insignificant influences on the physicochemical quality of the sample.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.70-73
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• 2004

The browning rate of potato juice alone and potato juice with added carrot juice or water(1:1 by volume) were studied. As the amount of carrot juice added was increased, the browning rate proportionally decreased: from 1.86 of potato juice alone to 0.36 for the potato juice and carrot juice mixture(l:1). This inhibitory effect of carrot juice on browning led us to assume that $\beta$-carotene, the major constituent of carrot carotenoids, may be involved in impeding the browning reaction of potato juice. Therefore, model system of enzymatic browning, consisting of chi orogenic acid/tyrosine and $\beta$-carotene/carrot carotenoids, were studied. The results shows the browning rates of chlorogenic acid alone and chlorogenic acid with added $\beta$-carotene. The initial browning rate of chlorogenic acid was faster($\delta$L= 1.1/min.)than that of chlorogenic acid with added $\beta$-carotene($\delta$L=0.6/min.).

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.113-120
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• 2015

The objectives of this study were to monitor and assess the effects of saline irrigation water on lettuce and carrot growth in protected cultivation. One control and 4 treatments with three replications, which were differentiated according to the level of salinity in irrigated water, were employed for each vegetable to assess the effects of the irrigation with saline water. Monitoring results showed that the use of irrigation water containing above a certain level of salinity was found to cause excessive accumulation of salts in the soil as saline irrigation water increased electrical conductivity (EC) and sodium ($Na^+$) content in both lettuce and carrot soil samples, while tap water irrigation used as control decreased the salinity in the samples. The salinity higher than the threshold level of irrigation water was found to reduce the yields of lettuce and carrot, while in less than the threshold level the higher the salinity of the irrigation water increased the yields. The salinity of the irrigation water also appeared to increase the internal salinity of the plant as the $Na^+$ content in plant increased as the salinity of irrigation water increase. Increased $Na^+$ content was analyzed to be able to increase the sugar content in carrot. This study could contribute to suggest water quality criteria for safe use of saline water in protected cultivation, although long-term monitoring is needed to get more representative results.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 1996

This study was carried out to investigate the effects on the growth of soybean and carrot, and these uptake of inorganic components, after the application of sewage sludge disgested anaerobically at wastewater treatment plant for about 25 days. With the application of the sludge, some chemical properties of soil was improved and heavy metals, as Pb, Cd, Cr, As and Hg, in finally harvested crops were not detected. With an increase in the application of the sludge, the uptake of N, P, K, and Ca in carrot was increased and also in the yield of two crops. In related to the quality of carrot, however, application of unmatured sewage sludge showed to deteriorate the visual quality with an irregularity of carrot's surface, despite of the increase of ${\beta}$-carotene concentration with an increased application of the sludge. The results suggest that for a land application of sewage sludge it should be necessarily stabilized by means such as composting.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.289-298
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• 2002

This study was designed to investigate the anti-tumor effects of fresh carrot juice, methanol-extracts, and $\beta$-carotene on the human lung cancer cell line NCI-H1299. The anti-tumor effect was evaluated by the MTT assay in vitro. The anti-tumor effect of fresh carrot juice against NCI-H1299 lasted up to 96 hours after exposure; the viability rate of lung cancer cells decreased below 50% after 48 hours, and further after 72 hours. The strongest propagation inhibition effect of fresh carrot juice was shown at the concentration of 2000 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ after 72 hours and the viability rates was 45.98% even at the concentration of 25 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$. The value of $IC_{50}$/ was 23.1$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ when the elapsed time was 72 hours. The viability rate of methanol-extract was 52.4% under the concentration of 2000 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ and the elapsed time of 72 hours. Under the concentration of 1000 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ and the elapsed time of 48 hours, $\beta$ -carotene decreased the viability rate to 29.99%. The $IC_{50}$/ value of $\beta$-carotene was 691.2$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ after 72 hours. According to the above results, the anti-tumor effect arose in NCI-H1299 when the concentration of the fresh carrot juice or the $\beta$-carotene was more than 25 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ or 1000 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$, respectively. On the other hand, the methanol-extracts showed a weak anti-tumor effect even at a concentration as high as 2000 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.430-434
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• 1989

The effect on pretreatments with sugar and blanching on the quality of dried carrot flake were investigated. The color of carrot flakes soaking in sugar solution for 2 mins $(60^{\circ}C,\;30 Brix)$ after water blanching $(100^{\circ}C,\;10 min)$ was similar to fresh carrots and the carrot flakes contained relatively high carotene and $Cu^{++}$ values. The osmotic dehydration with sugar solution $(80^{\circ}C,\;40\;Brix)$ prior to air drying reduced browning reaction and shrinkage. According to sensory test, no significant difference occured, after osmotic dehydration, among air drying. But there was a significant difference occured air drying after water blanching.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.171-180
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• 2016

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent liver diseases associated with an altered lifestyle, besides genetic factors. The control and management of NAFLD mostly depend on lifestyle modifications, due to the lack of a specific therapeutic approach. In this context, we assessed the effect of carrot juice on the development of high fructose-induced hepatic steatosis. For this purpose, male weanling Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups, fed either a control (Con) or high fructose (HFr) diet of AIN93G composition, with or without carrot juice (CJ) for 8 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, plasma biochemical markers, such as triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase, and ${\beta}$-hydroxy butyrate levels were comparable among the 4 groups. Although, the liver injury marker, aspartate aminotransferase, levels in plasma showed a reduction, hepatic triglycerides levels were not significantly reduced by carrot juice ingestion in the HFr diet-fed rats (HFr-CJ). On the other hand, the key triglyceride synthesis pathway enzyme, hepatic stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), expression at mRNA level was augmented by carrot juice ingestion, while their protein levels showed a significant reduction, which corroborated with decreased monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), particularly palmitoleic (C16:1) and oleic (C18:1) acids. Notably, it also improved the long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; C22:6) content of the liver in HFr-CJ. In conclusion, carrot juice ingestion decreased the SCD1-mediated production of MUFA and improved DHA levels in liver, under high fructose diet-fed conditions. However, these changes did not significantly lower the hepatic triglyceride levels.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 1979

The nitrite and nitrate levels of carrot juice at various temperature and periods were studied. The nitrite level of carrot juice at high temperature increased rapidly as the bacterial level increased. When carrot juice was held at $30^{\circ}C$, nitrite concentration began to decline after 14 hours, although there was no decrease in bacterial population, The nitrate level of carrot juice at high temperature decreased rapidly. The bacteria in carrot juice were supposed to reduce nitrates to nitrites, No increase in nitrite and no decrease in nitrate occured when bacterial growth was prevented by holding the juice at $5^{\circ}C$ or by adding potassium dehydroacetate.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.408-414
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• 2017

Effects of pulsed electric field (PEF) processing on growth inhibition of indigenous aerobic microorganisms and the quality of mandarin and carrot juices were investigated. Mandarin juice was PEF-treated at 15-23 kV/cm for $23-241{\mu}s$, whereas carrot juice was treated at 13-14 kV/cm for 127-198 s. At $25^{\circ}C$ (inlet temperature), PEF treatments at 23 kV/cm for $104{\mu}s$ and 14 kV/cm for $198{\mu}s$ reduced the numbers of total mesophilic aerobes by $6.3{\pm}0.8$ and $5.5{\pm}0.9{\log}\;CFU/mL$ in mandarin juice and carrot juice, respectively. Elevation of inlet temperature to $40^{\circ}C$ increased the reduction rates in both juices. In general, the treatments resulting in the highest microbial inhibition at 25 and $40^{\circ}C$ did not alter the physicochemical and nutritional properties of both juices (p>0.05). PEF is a feasible technology to pasteurize mandarin and carrot juices commercially, with minimal quality deterioration.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.433-439
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• 2023

Bacterial leaf blight in carrot is one of the most important diseases in the worldwide. In the past decade, its introduction into Korea is causing great concern due to the potential damage to carrot crops domestically. This bacterial disease is caused by Xanthomonas hortorum pv. carotae (Xhc). This study aimed to isolate and identify bacterial strains from the soil of carrot farms in Jeju Island. The bacterial isolates showing characteristics similar with those of Xhc were selected when cultured on artificial media. Through DNA sequencing and analysis based on NCBI data, some of the selected bacterial strains were identified as Xhc. Furthermore, the bacterial strains caused the typical symptom of bacterial leaf blight after inoculation on carrot leaves. The results of this study showed the potential establishment of Xhc in the soil of Jeju Island and it may be valuable data for establish a strategy preventing the domestic spread of carrot bacterial leaf blight in the future.