• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 2012

Overinflation of cardiac stomach occurred in farmed sterlet sturgeon (Acipenser ruthenus) fingerlings. Affected fish congregated and swam upside-down near the edges of the tanks with abdominal distension. When pressed the dilated abdomen, the fish often exhibited a normal swimming pattern for some time, then resumed their characteristic upside-down swimming patterns. Internally, the fish showed abdominal dropsy and dilated stomach filled with yellowish granular contents. When the contents in the stomach, fish feed, water and excrement in the farm inoculated on Sabouraud destrose agar (SDA) at $25^{\circ}C$ for 48 hr. Candida sp. were isolated except from the feed. Candida sp. in excrement or water in the farm may enter into the stomach with feed and then produce gases in the metabolic process, which in turn may cause the stomach overinflation.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.111-129
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• 1990

Based on the gross lesion, a survey of ulcer prevalence was carried out on pigs (3,161 heads) at a slaughterhouse in seoul from April to December in 1989. The pigs stomachs were observed anatomically and classified, according to the presence or absence of foreign bodies. Ulcer prevalence is usually classified according to size of pig farm, ages, and supplied month. The results in the studies were as follows, 1. Fundus followed the highest rate with 28.2%, esophagus with 24.5％ each of cardiac and pyloric part with 7.8% and 4.1％ in cases of gastric mucosa pathological studies examed total 3,161. In the acute ulcer prevalence, fundus follwed with 5.4%, esophagus with 2.6%, each of cardiac and pyloric part with 0.8% and 0.3%. When prevalent frequencies of fundus are compared with cardiac and pyloric part, they have meaning.(P <0.05). 2. In the survey pig of total 3,161, pathological changes of epithelium tissue foliowed 44.0%, erosion(11.5%), chronic ulcer(14.8%), acute ulcer(1.6%), scar formation (1.7%) and perforation (0.9%). 3. In general monthly prevalence rates of gastric lesion are higher in spring and fall than in summer. 4. In the size of pig farms, ulcer showed higher rate at professional farms than raising on the side. 5. When there are more fluid condition in stomach and they are old, the ulcer appeared for more. 6. Foreign bodies in stomach were sand, hairballs, and intestinal worms were detected (1%).

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.161-167
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• 1996

Two cases of stomach mass and one case of tongue mass were observed in Japanese monkeys(Macaca fuscata) which were raised in Yong-in Farm Land. Histologically, two spontaneous tumors were found in the cardiac region of the stomach and were diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma. These tumors had invaded the submucosa, muscular layer and serosa, but metastasis was not found in the other tissues including the lymph node. One spontaneous tongue mass was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.1223-1230
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• 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to report the effectiveness of Korean medicine (Beewha-eum) on the treatment of non-cardiac chest pain (NCCP) in a patient with non-erosive reflux disease (NERD). Methods: The patient was diagnosed with a spleen-stomach weakness pattern identified by Korean medicine and was treated with herbal medicine (Beewha-eum). The severity of symptoms was assessed with a numerical rating scale (NRS) for chest pain, self-reported dyspepsia degree (%), Korean gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (KGSRS), gastrointestinal symptom score (GIS), and Functional Dyspepsia-Quality of Life(FD-QOL) score. Results: After Beewha-eum treatment, the severity of chest pain was decreased from NRS 8 to NRS 0 and the self-reported dyspepsia degree also decreased from 100% to 65%. The KGSRS score was decreased from 49 to 35, the GIS score was also decreased from 16 to 9, and the FD-QOL score was increased from 20 to 25. Conclusions: The study findings suggested that Korean medical treatment with Beewha-eum could be an effective option for treating NCCP in patients with NERD.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2008

Purpose: The Gated cardiac blood pool scan is non-invasive method that a quantitative evaluation of left ventricular function. Also this scan have shown the value of radionuclide ejection fraction measurements during the course of chemotherapy as a predictor of cardiac toxicity. Therefore a reliable method of monitoring its cardiotoxic effects is necessary. the purpose of this study is to minimize the overestimate of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) by modified body position to reduce the influence of scattered rays from surrounding organs of the heart in the background region of interest. Materials and Methods: Gated cardiac blood pool scan using in vivo $^{99m}Tc$-red blood cell (RBC) was carried out in 20 patients (mean $44.8{\pm}8.6$ yr) with chemotherapy for a breast carcinoma. Data acquisition requires about 600 seconds and 24 frames of one heart cycle by the multigated acquisition mode, Synchronization deteriorates toward the end of the cycle and with the distance from the trigger signal (R-wave) by ECG gating. Gated cardiac blood pool scan was studied with conventional method (supine position and the detector head in $30-45^{\circ}$ left anterior oblique position and caudal $10-20^{\circ}$ tilt) and compared with modified method (left lateral flexion position with 360 mL of drinking water). LVEF analysis was performed by using the automatically computer mode. Results: The ROI counts of modified scan method were lower than LV conventional method ($1429{\pm}251$ versus $1853{\pm}243$, <0.01). And LVEF of modified method was also decrease compared with conventional method ($58.3{\pm}5.6%$ versus $65.3{\pm}6.1%$, <0.01). Imaging analysis indicated that stomach was expanded because of water and spleen position was changed to lateral inferior compared with conventional method. Conclusion: This study shows that the modified method in MUGA reduce the influence of scattered rays from surrounding organs. Because after change the body position to left lateral flexion and drinking water, the location of spleen, left lobe of liver and stomach had changed and they could escaped from background ROI. Therefore, modified method could help to minimize the overestimate LVEF (%).

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.114-120
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• 2012

In echinoderms, the SALMFamide neuropeptides sharing the SxL/FxFamide motif seem widespread throughout the phylum and may be important signalling molecules that mediate various physiological functions. Recent identification of S1 and its analogues, MagS3 and MagS4, along with the S2 analogue, MagS2 from the starfish $Marthasterias$ $glacialis$, indicated that SALMFamides in the class Asteroidea are more diverse than previously thought. Further, isolation of the neuropeptides from the radial nerve cord and studies on pharmacological actions of the neuropeptides on the cardiac stomach warrant studies on the tissue distributions of these peptides in both the nervous and digestive systems. In the present study, antisera raised against an S1 analogue, KYSALMFamide, and an S2 analogue, KYSGLTFamide, were used to localize the distribution patterns of the S1- and S2-like immunoreactivities (S1-IR/S2-IR) in the nervous and digestive systems of the starfish. In the nervous system, cell bodies in the ectoneural part were immunostained for both S1 and S2 peptides, while in the digestive system, the basiepithelial plexus and mucosal cell bodies were immunoreactive. These immunocytochemical data support the notion that the SALMFamides may play a neuroendocrine role in mediating feeding behaviour of the starfish. Further studies including identification of peptide binding sites and differential expression pattern of mRNAs encoding the peptides are required to elucidate their physiological functions.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.572-578
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• 2022

An organism's physiological processes and behaviors are regulated by neuropeptides and hormone peptides. The first neuropeptide identified from echinoderms is SALMFamide. The two most well-studied SALMFamide neuropeptides are S1 and S2, which possess myoactivity on apical muscle, tube feet, and the cardiac stomach of starfishes. However, neuropeptide candidates identified from SALMFamide's precursor protein sequence have not been investigated. This study aims to compare the bioactivity of SALMFamide neuropeptides from the starfish Asterias rubens using various starfish muscle preparations. In this study, the bioactivity of the L-type SALMFamide neuropeptides from the starfish A. rubens, AYHTGLPFamide (SALMFa-A) and the derivative AYHSALMFamide (SALMFa-B) was investigated. The neuropeptides were applied on Asterias amurensis apical muscle, tube feet, which revealed that the neuropeptides exhibit relaxing activity on apical muscle but no activity on tube feet. The native SALMFa-A peptide had lower relaxing activity on the apical muscle compared to the derivative peptide SALMFa-B. The relaxing activity of two neuropeptides also was compared with those on the apical muscle of Patiria pectinifera, which revealed relaxing activity as well as SALMFamide-S1 and S2 neuropeptides. Moreover, the investigation of SALMFa-A and SALMFa-B peptides' bioactivity on P. pectinifera cardiac stomach muscle also showed slight relaxing activity.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.478-481
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• 1999

A 8 years old male Pomeranian weighing 4 kg was referred because of coughing of 4 months' duration. Heart sounds and cardiac apex beat were showed more intense on the right side. On radiographic views, loss of normal line of the diaphragm, gas-containing intestines and stomach in thoracic cavity, and right displacement of heart were observed. Ultrasonography revealed that liver located adjacent to the heart. Although the dog died due to severe respiratory disorder in surgical procedure, in thoracic and abdominal surgery, a large defect was found in the left and right ventral muscular portion and left central tendon of the diaphragm, extending from the esophageal hiatus to rib. Left and right cranial lobe of liver, small intestines, stomach and spleen were herniated in the thoracic cavity. Because of the size and chronicity of the defect in the diaphragm, closure was impossible with an abdominal muscle graft.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.58-63
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• 2008

Peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia(PPDH) is uncommon and congenital disease in dogs and cats. In PPDH, the peritoneal organs such as liver, small intestine, stomach and omentum are displaced into the congenital defect between pericardial sac and diaphragm and cause the abnormal round and enlarged cardiac silhouette. Abnormal cardiac silhouette contacts with the cranial diaphragmatic border consistently and soft tissue- and/or gas- density structures are summated over the cardiac density in radiography. The contrast medium flows from peritoneal cavity into the pericardial sac and demonstrates the herniated abdominal organs and the abnormal defect in positive peritoneography. In this study, 4 dogs was diagnosed as PPDH using radiography, peritoneography and thoracic ultrasonography and showed various clinical signs according to the kind, amount and clinical state of herniated abdominal organs.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.43-54
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of CPR skills and the satisfaction of CPR Training targeted for college students. Also, this study made comparative study of nursing students and non-nursing students. The sample consisted of 248 students(132 nursing students, 116 non-nursing students). CPR Training was designed by two components which were a lecture and demonstration by one professor and individual practice by instructors. As tool of measurement estimation satisfaction of CPR Training questionnaires were developed based on educated contents. The accuracy of CPR skills were checked by SkillReporter CPR training manikin. Collected data were computerized and analyzed by SPSS-WIN program. The results were as follows : 1. The skills of CPR were cardiac compression 92.79 times/min, correct cardiac compression rate 90.85%, ventilation 9.93 times/min, correct ventilation rate 79.34%. 2. The mean of the accuracy of CPR skills were 2.94(SD .87). 3. When errors were analyzed, the highest item was stomach distension(51.2%) of ventilation skills and too little(70.6%) of cardiac compression skills. 4. The mean of the satisfaction of CPR training were 2.87(SD .17), the highest item of the satisfaction of CPR Training was practice. 5. We found significant statistical differences based on the accuracy and the error, non-nursing students were high in correct cardiac compression per minute(t=3.615, p=.000) and ventilation too much(t=4.292, p=.000), nursing students were high in correct ventilation rate(t=-3.885, p=.000) and cardiac compression too shallow) t=-2.842, p=.005).