• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.145-158
• /
• 2015

Disposable marine product packaging materials such as wooden, Styrofoam, and corrugated cardboard boxes have a very low reuse rate, thus causing the logistics costs to rise and making it difficult to establish a unit load system for marine products. Disposable packing containers to be discarded are accompanied by resource and environmental issues home and abroad. Transportation vehicles for marine products have to return empty without loading different kinds of products after delivery due to the smell and properties of marine products, thus posing as an obstacle to logistics rationalization. In an effort to overcome those limitations, this study examined the stages of transportation including "producer-wholesale market in the producing area-commission merchant-wholesale market in the consumption area-commission merchant-quasi-wholesale market-consumer" and also analyzed the utilization and distribution of disposable packaging materials currently used in the circulation of marine products including wooden, Styrofoam, and corrugated cardboard boxes. Based on the analysis results, the investigator developed a logistics rationalization model capable of promoting semi-permanent reuse and lowering empty vehicle rate on return routes as an alternative to address environmental issues caused by disposable packaging materials, which have been an obstacle to the logistics rationalization of marine products, packaging costs in the process of repeating packing and unpacking at each stage of marine products circulation, and empty vehicle rates on return routes after marine products delivery.

• 한국포장학회지
• /
• 제13권3_4호
• /
• pp.103-105
• /
• 2007

본 연구는 수확 후 포도의 저장온도와 포장방법이 품질변화에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 알아보고자 실시하였다. $25^{\circ}C$ 상온에 14일 간 저장하면서 품질변화를 조사한 결과 대조구 보다는 20LD, 20CE에 포장한 포도의 품질이 잘 유지되고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과에서 포도를 상온 유통시 기존방법과 같이 골판지 상자만을 사용하는 것보다 내포장재를 사용하는 것이 더 신선도 유지에 좋은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.49-56
• /
• 2016

Oculus Rift, HTC Vive 등의 PC기반 Virtual Reality Head Mount Display 뿐 아니라, Google Cardboard, Samsung Gear VR등과 같은 모바일 VR HMD들이 출시 되고 있다. 그런데 HMD는 착용 시 사용자의 외부시야를 가리게 되므로 VR을 체험하는 공간의 실제 환경에 존재하는 각종 가구에 걸려 넘어지거나 벽 등의 위험요소들에 의해 사용자가 부딪혀 다치고 또는 가구 등이 파손 되는 상황이 일어날 수 있지만 아직 이것에 대해서 확실한 방안이 연구되어 있지 않은 상태이다. 본 논문에서는 Microsoft Kinect V1를 이용하여 사용자가 움직일 공간을 미리 3d Scanning하고 Minimap 방식으로 Scanning한 장애물의 위치 및 정보를 몰입감을 덜 저하시키면서 시각화하여 사용자에게 알려줌으로써 부상위험을 줄이는 방법으로 VR의 대중화를 돕는 방안을 제시 한다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제49권3호
• /
• pp.299-302
• /
• 2011

During experimental Eimeria infections in chickens, facilities are often contaminated by fecal oocysts known to be highly resistant to both chemical and enzymatic treatments. Thus, studies using experimental Eimeria infections have been limited due to the difficulty of complete elimination of residual oocysts from both cages and facilities. To overcome this limitation, simple, inexpensive, and disposable cages were constructed from cardboard boxes and tested during experimental Eimeria maxima infections. The cages were used in animal rooms with only a 1.7% evidence of coccidia contamination between adjacent cages. No significant differences in fecal oocyst output and body weight gain were noted between animals housed in disposable cages and animals housed in wire control cages. This cage design is a useful means for preventing oocyst contamination during experimental conditions, suggesting that this disposable cage design could be used for other avian infectious disease studies.

• 로봇학회논문지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.29-36
• /
• 2023

This paper shows a design of a gripper with an adjustable working area to depalletize a delivery cardboard box of various sizes. The gripper should pick the box with only one flat surface to lift the boxes stacked close to each other. The lift force of the gripper is the vacuum suction force. To handle boxes of various sizes, the gripper adjusts the working area. The gripper operates four vacuum generators independently. The simultaneous rotation on different axes of four gripper-arms with suction cups moves the position of suction force. The six operation modes of the gripper are divided into the size of the working area. The operation mode is determined according to the size of the top side of the box. Experiments are conducted by lifting the box of various sizes. The gripper can pick the box of various sizes without vacuum leaks from unused cups. Also, the experiments verify the improvement of stability of the box by adjusting the working area of the gripper. The gripper can lift the box without deformation of the box by adjusting the working area.

• 수산해양교육연구
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.203-215
• /
• 1999

Floating debris was recorded from a training ship, Kaya, of Pukyong National University with about 12 knots speed at July 19~21, 1999 and July 24~26. The sampled area is the Yellow Sea (YS) connected from Cheju Is. of Korea to Qindao harbor of China, divided into 88 unit segments on survey routes. Debris fabrication materials were categorized with 6 items using the following; man-made or natural wood items, paper and cardboard, nylon netting and rope, styrofoams, vinyl and plastics, floating metal and glass containers. All identified items within a $120{\pm}20m$ wide band were recorded but ignored if beyond this boundary. The results of distribution of floating debris in the area are as follows: 1. The greatest quantities of marine debris discovered during the survey were $184pieces\;per\;km^2$ near Qindao harbor. The next polluted areas, Sohuksan islands, positioned in the eastern part of YS were scattered in about $40pieces/km^2$ or so. 2. Among items, woods, paper and cardboard, vinyl and plastics were found out near Qindao Coast of China. On the other hand, there were many styrofoams, nylon netting and rope near the area of Sohuksan islands in the eastern part of YS. 3. The distribution densities of western part of YS near Qindao are varied with largely range in items and quantities but those of the eastern part, near Sohuksan islands were nearly constant. 4. Styrofoams were composed of 63% among all debris in YS, next paper and cardboard 15%, and wood item, vinyl and plastics each 10%. Therefore, marine debris of YS is revealed that distribution characteristics and composition are very different in each area. These phenomena are concluded that they largely depend on the life styles in land and the utilities of the sea. And of items, styrofoams is dominated by the distribution pattern of YS. Furthermore, surveys are continuously being investigated, and from this it is hoped that a much wider coverage can be achieved, perhaps all sites of the YS and contributed to the finding sources, the stationary area and removal method of debris joined the flow patterns.

• 전산구조공학
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.165-172
• /
• 1998

본 연구에서는 종이 충격흡수의 효율적인 기하형상이 연구되었다. 일반적으로 충격흡수재는 골판지, 스폰지, 종이, 고무등으로 제작된다. 에너지 흡수거동에 대한 종이 충격 흡수재의 보강형태, 크기., 재료 특성에 대한 영향이 ABAQUS/Explicit5.5에 의한 유한요소 해석과 미끄럼 충격시험을 통해 연구되었다. 종이 충격 흡수재의 최대 변위는 충격속도에 따라 증가하며, 내부단수에 따라 감소하였다. 충격이력 특성은 내부단수가 7단일 때 5 msee까지 급속히 변형되며, 그 이후에는 영구변형으로 존재한다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
• /
• pp.1202-1205
• /
• 2005

This paper describes a method for vision-based person identification that can detect, track, and recognize person from video using multiple cues: height and dressing colors. The method does not require constrained target's pose or fully frontal face image to identify the person. First, the system, which is connected to a pan-tilt-zoom camera, detects target using motion detection and human cardboard model. The system keeps tracking the moving target while it is trying to identify whether it is a human and identify who it is among the registered persons in the database. To segment the moving target from the background scene, we employ a version of background subtraction technique and some spatial filtering. Once the target is segmented, we then align the target with the generic human cardboard model to verify whether the detected target is a human. If the target is identified as a human, the card board model is also used to segment the body parts to obtain some salient features such as head, torso, and legs. The whole body silhouette is also analyzed to obtain the target's shape information such as height and slimness. We then use these multiple cues (at present, we uses shirt color, trousers color, and body height) to recognize the target using a supervised self-organization process. We preliminary tested the system on a set of 5 subjects with multiple clothes. The recognition rate is 100% if the person is wearing the clothes that were learned before. In case a person wears new dresses the system fail to identify. This means height is not enough to classify persons. We plan to extend the work by adding more cues such as skin color, and face recognition by utilizing the zoom capability of the camera to obtain high resolution view of face; then, evaluate the system with more subjects.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제35권3호
• /
• pp.353-358
• /
• 2003

지금까지 거의 보고되지 않은 동물간의 비린내 불쾌취를 밝히는 것을 목적으로, 연속수증기증류에 의해 얻어진 가열돼지간의 휘발성 농축물중에 포함된 화합물을 분리 동정하여, 가열에 의해서도 없어지지 않고 잔존하는 비린내물쾌취를 검토하였다. 또한, GC 분석시, GC-O를 이용하여 각 휘발성화합물의 냄새를 평가하였다. 그 결과, 간은 가열하는 것에 의해 특이적인 비린내불쾌취가 소실되지 않으며, 여전히 잔존함이 확인되었다. 동정된 69종의 화합물중 비린내를 갖는 (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal(fishy) 및 금속취를 갖는 1-octen-3-one, hexanol의 존재를 확인하였다. 또한 가열돼지간의 불쾌취 형성에 기여하는 것으로 생각되어지는 (E)-2-nonenal(cardboard-like), (Z)-4-decenal(cardboard-like), (E,E)-2,4-decadienal(deep-fried) 등 낮은 한계값을 갖는 aldehyde 류의 생성을 확인하였다. 동정된 69종의 화합물중 40종류의 성분은 본 연구에서 처음으로 가열 돼지간의 휘발성성분으로 동정되었다. 1-Octen-3-one, hexanol, (E)-2-nonenal, (Z)-4-decenal, (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal 등은 특징적인 냄새를 나타내며, 돼지간의 불쾌취 형성에 있어 중요한 화합물로 사료된다. 이들 alkanal, alkenal 및 alkanone류는 돼지간에 다량 함유된 불포화지방산의 산화 반응생성물로, 그 일부는 가열처리에 의한 분해생성물인 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국광학회지
• /
• 제30권6호
• /
• pp.237-242
• /
• 2019

가상현실 기기의 렌즈는 사용자의 편의성을 위한 적은 부피와 높은 현실감을 위한 넓은 시야각을 동시에 만족시켜야 하기 때문에 왜곡 수차가 필연적으로 발생하는데, 일반적인 렌즈보다 시야각이 넓고 왜곡 수차가 크기 때문에 측정이 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 가상현실 기기의 특성을 고려한 두 가지 왜곡 측정 방법을 제안하였다. 하나는 카메라 교정 방법 기반의 다중 이미지를 이용한 왜곡 측정법이며, 또 다른 하나는 카메라를 포함한 측정부를 직접 회전시켜 왜곡을 측정하는 다중 측정점을 이용한 왜곡 측정법이다. 제안된 방법들의 검증을 위해 시판된 가상현실 기기인 Google Cardboard 제품의 왜곡을 측정하고 설계 데이터를 통한 시뮬레이션 결과와 비교하였으며, 두 방법으로 측정된 왜곡 값은 시뮬레이션 결과와 비교했을 때 잘 부합하는 것으로 나타났다.