• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.160-167
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• 2020

Surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment for locally advanced esophageal cancer. Neoadjuvant therapy is recommended to improve survival, based on the results of several randomized trials and meta-analyses. However, controversy remains regarding how to combine surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Moreover, in East Asia, the predominant histological type is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, which has a different epidemiology and tumor biology from esophageal or gastroesophageal junctional adenocarcinoma. As such, the management of esophageal cancer in East Asia seems to be different from that in Western countries. Thus, this article reviews the current evidence on neoadjuvant therapy and considers the optimal combinations and ongoing strategies of multimodal therapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

• Journal of Clinical Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.321-326
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• 2018

Warthin's tumor is the second most common benign tumor of the parotid gland, which consists of epithelial and lymphoid components. Malignant change is known to be extremely rare. In Korean literature, only a case of low grade adenocarcinoma arising from Warthin's tumor was reported. For squamous cell carcinoma, there has never been reported in Korea. The authors report a case of squamous cell carcinoma arising from Warthin's tumor in a 77-year-old male, who was treated with primary resection. The patient is well without any recurrence or metastasis after 15 months of follow-up.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.71-77
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• 2019

Primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma is a rare malignant central jaw tumor derived from odontogenic epithelial remnants. Predominantly, it affects mandible, although both jaw bones may be involved. This report describes a 60-year-old man who was initially misdiagnosed with a periapical infection related to the right lower wisdom tooth. After four months, the patient presented to a private dental clinic with a massive swelling at the right side of the mandible. Panoramic radiographs and advanced imaging revealed a lesion with complete erosion of the right ramus, which extended to the orbital floor. A biopsy from the mandibular angle revealed large pleomorphic atypical squamous cells, which is the primary microscopic feature of a poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.218-224
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• 2020

The antitumor effects of octyl gallate (OG) were investigated on FaDu human hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells. At various concentrations, OG inhibited the proliferation of FaDu cells by suppressing cell cycle regulators and induced apoptosis by activating caspase 3 and its downstream poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, thereby damaging DNA. Immunoblotting demonstrated that OG significantly suppressed the expression of integrin family proteins (integrin α4, αv, β3, β4), hindering cell adhesion. The reduced expression of integrins subsequently mediated the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway to stimulate the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases and c-jun N-terminal kinases, leading to apoptosis. Thus, OG demonstrated antitumor activity on hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells by suppressing cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.173-176
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• 2021

Basal cell carcinoma is a malignant epithelial neoplasm of the skin and the most common human skin cancer. It is generally associated with a good prognosis. In this case report, a giant basal cell carcinoma of the nodulo-ulcerative type showing wide ulceration with marginal multiple small nodules, is presented. It was trapezoidal in shape, having dimensions of 7 cm at the greatest basal width, 6 cm vertically with different anterior and posterior margin dimensions, and 5 cm horizontally at the top margin. After wide excision of the lesion including 5-10 mm safety margins, the wound was reconstructed with a local skin flap and split-thickness skin graft. The reconstructed wound healed well without recurrence for 1 year.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.91-95
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• 2021

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of thyroid is a very rare malignant tumor with poor prognosis. It is usually diagnosed as an advanced disease infiltrating adjacent organs, and characterized by aggressive clinical course with an average postoperative survival time of less than 1 year. Recently, we had a 79- year-old woman with a painful neck mass who was diagnosed as primary squamous cell carcinoma of thyroid gland. She underwent total thyroidectomy and selective neck dissection(level III, VI) with no further postoperative managements such as radiation therapy or chemotherapy; she died of poor general condition and pneumonia resulting from rapid progression of the lesion on the 38^th day after surgery. We report this case with a review of relevant literatures.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.56-59
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• 2024

There are very few case reports of the diagnosis and management of concurrent oral cavity and parapharyngeal space tumors. We present a case involving a 49-year-old female who presented with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma confirmed by biopsy. Initial diagnostic workup revealed a concurrent parapharyngeal mass. Diagnostic studies and surgical therapy were tailored to account for both pathological entities. The patient was treated with a combination of surgery and adjuvant therapy. The surgical strategy was designed to address both lesions simultaneously. One year post-surgery, the patient had good response to therapy with no evidence of persistent or recurrent disease. This report discusses the outcome and treatment of a rare case of concurrent squamous cell carcinoma with a complicating parapharyngeal space tumor. It explores the diagnostic process, comprehensive workup, and the surgical management.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.263-267
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• 2007

Primary intraosseous carcinoma (PIOC) is a rare odontogenic carcinoma defined as a squamous cell carcinoma arising within a jaw having no initial connection with the oral mucosa, and probably developing from residues of the odontogenic epithelium. PIOC appears more common in male than female, especially at posterior portion of the mandible. Radiographic features of PIOC show irregular patterns of bone destruction with ill defined margins. It could be sometimes misdiagnosed as the cyst or benign tumor because it shows well defined margins. If it couldn't be done appropriate treatment initially, PIOC shows extremely aggressive involvement, extensive local destruction and spreads to the overlying soft tissue. Therefore accurate diagnosis in early state is necessary. The diagnosis criteria proposed for PIOC are : (1) absence of ulcer formation, except when caused by other factors, (2) histologic evidence of squamous cell carcinoma without a cystic component or other odontogenic tumor cell, and (3) absence of another primary tumor on chest radiograph obtained at the time of diagnosis and during a follow-up period of more than 6 month(Suei et al., 1994).

• Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.416-419
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• 2018

We describe a case of a 61-year-old Korean man who was diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma that was discovered on abdominopelvic computed tomography obtained after the patient complained of back pain. A radical nephrectomy was performed, and the surgical specimen showed a relatively well-circumscribed and yellowish lobulated hard mass. Microscopically, the tumor showed sheets and nests of hypercellular pleomorphic cells with thick fibrous septation, frequent mitoses, and areas of adrenal cortical-like tissue. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the tumor cells were positive for inhibin-${\alpha}$, vimentin, synaptophysin, and melan A. It also revealed that the tumor cells were negative for pan-cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, paired box 8, ${\alpha}$-methylacyl-coenzyme A racemase, CD10, cytokeratin 7, carbonic anhydrase 9, c-Kit, renal cell carcinoma, transcription factor E3, human melanoma black 45, desmin, smooth muscle actin, S-100, chromogranin A, CD34, anaplastic lymphoma kinase, and integrase interactor 1. Based on these histopathological and immunohistochemical findings, we diagnosed the tumor as intrarenal adrenocortical carcinoma arising in an adrenal rest. Several cases of intrarenal adrenocortical carcinoma have been reported, although they are very rare. Due to its poor prognosis and common recurrence or metastasis, clinicians and pathologists must be aware of this entity.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.69-88
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• 2024

This review comprehensively examines the diverse spectrum of gastric cancers, focusing on unusual or uncommon histology that presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. While the predominant form, tubular adenocarcinoma, is well-characterized, this review focuses on lesser-known variants, including papillary adenocarcinoma, micropapillary carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), hepatoid adenocarcinoma, gastric choriocarcinoma, gastric carcinoma with lymphoid stroma, carcinosarcoma, gastroblastoma, parietal cell carcinoma, oncocytic adenocarcinoma, Paneth cell carcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic gland type, undifferentiated carcinoma, and extremely well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. Although these diseases have different nomenclatures characterized by distinct histopathological features, these phenotypes often overlap, making it difficult to draw clear boundaries. Furthermore, the number of cases was limited, and the unique histopathological nature and potential pathogenic mechanisms were not well defined. This review highlights the importance of understanding these rare variants for accurate diagnosis, effective treatment planning, and improving patient outcomes. This review emphasizes the need for ongoing research and case studies to enhance our knowledge of these uncommon forms of gastric cancer, which will ultimately contribute to more effective treatments and better prognostic assessments. This review aimed to broaden the pathological narrative by acknowledging and addressing the intricacies of all cancer types, regardless of their rarity, to advance patient care and improve prognosis.