• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.247-256
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• 2012

Harmonic current was measured for a dummy cell with various values of resistance, and the procedure developed through the measurements was applied to the investigation of effects of the amplitude of applied frequency and applied potential on the harmonic current of a stainless steel and a carbon steel in chloride containing solutions. From the measurements of harmonic current in the dummy cell, the optimum values of applied frequency and applied potential in harmonic current measurements were found to be 1 mHz and 20 mV (or lower), respectively. Increase in harmonic current with applied frequency was observed in the case where the level of harmonic current is low as in a stainless steel. Decrease in polarization resistance was also noted in this corrosion system with either increasing applied frequency or decreasing applied potential. However, no obvious effects of applied frequency was observed on harmonic current and polarization resistance in a carbon steel in which the level of harmonic current is high.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.781-787
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• 2010

To improve the efficiency of piping, recently the pre-fabrication piping system has been introduced, and much attention has been paid to TBPs which can replace Tee-joint. Forming and forming analysis on TBPs made from Carbon steel pipes for pressure service(KS D 3562 Sch40) and Stainless steel pipes(KS D 3576 20S) have been conducted to determine working pressure. Forming and forming analysis objects are $32A{\times}25A$, $40A{\times}25A$, $40A{\times}32A$, $50A{\times}25A$, $50A{\times}32A$, $50A{\times}40A$ TBPs.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.465-489
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• 2012

Residual stresses play important role for design of steel structural members. Cold formed sections usually have residual stresses caused by roll forming. When compared to stresses caused by the working load, especially for compressed members, the effects of residual stresses can be favorable or unfavorable depending on magnitude, orientation and distribution of these stresses. The research presented in this paper includes experimental investigations of residual stresses, initial imperfections and material properties on cold formed carbon steel open cross sections. Experimental results have been compared to results obtained in similar tests with stainless and high strength steel cross sections. Theoretical and experimental research, conducted for cold formed open cross sections, are important for design of axially compressed members. This paper presents two methods of residual stresses investigation: magnetic method and method of pre-drilled holes and obtained results have been compared with results of residual stresses from other authors.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 1991

Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) pressure vessels are made of forged low alloy steel plates internally clad with an austenitic stainless steel by welding to improve anti-corrosion properties. They display a characteristic behavior of dissimilar metal weld interface during post weld heat treatment (PWHT) and service at high temperature and pressure. In this Study, Metallugical structure of weld interface of SA 508 Class 3 forged steel clad with 309L, Austenitic stainless steel after PWHT was investigated. To estimate the width of the carburized/decarburized bands quantitatively, a model for carbon diffusion was proposed and a theoretical equation was derived.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.305-316
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• 2017

Austenitic stainless steels have been widely used for various systems of nuclear power plants. Among these stainless steels, small pipes with diameter less than 14 inch have been produced in the form of seamless pipe. Annealing and cooling process during the manufacturing process can affect corrosion properties of seamless stainless steels. Therefore, 12 inch-diameter of as-received 304L stainless steel pipe was annealed and aged in this study. Intergranular corrosion resistance was evaluated by ASTM A262 Practice A, C, and E methods. The degree of sensitization was determined using a DL-EPR test. U-bend method in an autoclave was used to evaluate the SCC resistance in 0.01 M $Na_2S_4O_6$ or 40% NaOH solution at $340^{\circ}C$. As-received specimen showed relatively high degree of sensitization and intergranular corrosion rate. Carbon segregation was also observed near grain boundaries. Annealing treatment could give the dissolution of segregated carbon into the matrix. Aging treatment could induce segregation of carbon and finally form carbides. Microstructural analysis confirmed that high intergranular corrosion rate of the as-received seamless pipe was due to micro-galvanic corrosion between carbon segregation and grains.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.73-78
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• 2011

Weldability, especially HAZ cold cracking, weld metal solidification cracking, and HAZ liquation cracking susceptibilities, of ASTM A356 CA6NM martensitic stainless steel casting was investigated and compared with that of 9-12% Cr ferritic steel castings. Irrespective of the Cr and Ni content in the castings, the HAZ maximum hardness increased with an increase of carbon content. CA6NM steel, which has the lowest carbon content, had the lowest HAZ hardness and showed no cold cracking in y-slit cracking tests. CA6NM steel, meanwhile, showed the largest weld metal solidification cracking susceptibility in varestraint tests because of its higher amount of impurity elements, phosphorus, and sulfur. All castings investigated had good high temperature ductility in hot ductility tests and showed little difference in liquation cracking susceptibility.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2002

One of the shortcoming of ferritic stainless steels is their limited toughness. The most important factor governing the toughness of ferritic stainless steels is hewn to be their interstitial contents. Due to the limited solubility of carbon and nitrogen in the ferrite matrix, it is difficult to avoid carbide and nitride precipitates. In the study, the role of nitrogen on the toughness of 260r-2Mo superferritic stainless steel welds has been investigated using alloys containing various nitrogen levels between 100 and 1640 ppm. Mechanical properties of weld metals have been evaluated by microhardness, Charpy impact test and notch tensile test. The alloys are mainly embrittled by the grain boundary and intragranular nitride precipitation. Grain boundary precipitates are considered to be more deleterious than intrauanular nitrides. Fracture mechanism have been elucidated through microscopic evaluation of notch tensile test

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 1991년도 특별강연 및 추계학술발표 개요집
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• pp.32-34
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• 1991

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2006년도 춘계 학술대회 개요집
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• pp.124-126
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• 2006

• 접착 및 계면
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2004

ISO 4588, ASTM D2651 등에 규정된 금속 표면의 산처리에 의한 개질 방법을 다양한 분석조건의 변화로부터 비교하고 그 효과와 방법의 적정성을 분석하고자 하였다. 스테인리스 스틸과 카본 스틸을 위한 각각 4가지의 산용액을 적용하여 처리 온도의 변화 및 처리 시간의 변화에 따른 영향을 접촉각의 감소, 표면 조도 및 몰폴로지의 변화, 부식에 의한 시편 두께의 감소, 대기 노출에 의한 표면 열화 관측을 수행하는 방법으로 파악하였다. 실험결과, 각각의 산 처리 방법의 특징에 따라 다양한 표면 개질 효과가 나타났으며, 전반적으로는 스테인레스 스틸의 경우에는 $83^{\circ}C$의 처리온도로, 카본 스틸의 경우에는 $63^{\circ}C$의 처리온도로 가열된 산용액에서 좋은 개질 효과를 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 산처리 방법에 따라서는 금속표면의 개질을 위한 산처리 과정에서 부식에 의한 금속편의 심각한 두께 감소와 표면 몰폴로지의 변화가 수반함을 확인하였고, 더하여 산처리 이후의 대기노출에 의한 표면의 열화 특성 역시 산처리 방법에 크게 좌우됨을 확인하였다.