• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.425-434
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• 2007

An integrated adsorption/catalytic process has been considered to treat dioxin and $NO_x$ simultaneously. The process consists of a cyclone and a reactor with nine bag filters. In this study, numerical analysis has been performed to understand flow characteristics with inflow-duct types in the reactor. To consider flue gas and activated carbon particles simultaneously, Euler-Lagrangian model was employed. Fundamental flow patterns of flue gas and activated carbon particles, pressure distribution and distribution of activated carbon have been obtained from the numerical analysis. Also trace length and residence time of flue gas, residence time of activated carbon particles have been calculated directly. Flow patterns of flue gas and activated carbon particles in the reactor were very complicated and they moved along very various paths. Therefore, their residence time in the reactor was also various. The flow characteristics in the reactor were strongly influenced by inflow-duct types. The results obtained would be effectively used to estimate the removal efficiency in the reactor once the residence time is combined with the reaction equation.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.1046-1057
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• 2017

국가 온실가스 인벤토리를 Tier 2 이상의 수준으로 향상시키기 위해서는 IPCC 기본값 대신 국가 고유의 배출계수가 개발 및 이용되어야 한다. 국가 고유 배출계수는 에너지원 종류, 에너지 공정, 시간 추세에 따라 달라지기 때문에, 각 에너지원별 특성값을 파악하는 것은 정확한 인벤토리 구축에 중요한 부분을 차지한다. 국내 석유계 에너지원의 물성은 시간의 경과에 따라 큰 변화는 없었으며, 국내에서 고시되고 있는 에너지원별 열량환산기준 상의 석유계 에너지원에 대한 열량 및 탄소배출계수를 2013년과 2016년에 실제 시료를 수집하여 발열량, 탄소함량 및 탄소배출계수를 산정한 결과값과의 비교분석에서는 대체적으로 일정한 값을 유지하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 석유계 에너지원별로 산출된 순발열량과 탄소배출계수는 2006 IPCC Guideline에 나타낸 값들과 비교하였으며, 대부분의 에너지원이 2006 IPCC G/L의 기본값 및 상한, 하한 범위내의 값을 나타내었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.1104-1112
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• 1988

본 연구에서는 고체연소미립자로써 탄소입자와 산화제로써 순수 산소를 사용 하였으며, 매우 높은 대류 열 전달 상태에서 탄소입자 표면의 대류 열저항과 고체 내 부의 전도 열 저항에 의하여 발생하는 탄소입자 내부의 온도구배를 고려하여 탄소입자 와 순수 산소의 혼합물에 있어서 이상 폭발현상을 수치적으로 연구하였다.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.621-640
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• 2021

Effect of thickness stretching on mechanical behavior of functionally graded (FG) carbon nanotubes reinforced composite (CNTRC) laminated nanoplates resting on elastic foundation is analyzed in this paper using a novel quasi 3D higher-order shear deformation theory. The key feature of this theoretical formulation is that, in addition to considering the thickness stretching effect, the number of unknowns of the displacement field is reduced to four, and which is more than five in the other models. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are the reinforced elements and are distributed with four power-law functions which are, uniform distribution, V-distribution, O-distribution and X-distribution. To cover various boundary conditions, an analytical solution is developed based on Galerkin method to solve the governing equilibrium equations by considering the nonlocal strain gradient theory. A modified two-dimensional variable Winkler elastic foundation is proposed in this study for the first time. A parametric study is executed to determine the influence of the reinforcement patterns, power-law index, nonlocal parameter, length scale parameter, thickness and aspect ratios, elastic foundation, thermal environments, and various boundary conditions on stresses, displacements, buckling loads and frequencies of the CNTRC laminated nanoplate.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.247-247
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• 1999

The segregation (distribution) of nickel and the composition of its constituents influence the low thermal expansion characteristics (Invar effect) in Fe-30 wt.% Ni-12.5 wt.% Co-xC Invar alloy. The change of coefficient of the thermal expansion and magnetic properties were studied as an aspect of carbon addition causing the segregation of Ni in primary austenite of as-cast Fe-30 wt.% Ni-12.5 wt.% Co Invar alloy. The coefficient of thermal expansion of Fe-30 wt.% Ni-12.5 wt.% Co-xC Invar alloy showed its lowest value at 0.08 wt.% carbon, increased with increasing carbon content in the range of 0.08-1.0 wt.%C, kept constant at 1.0-2.0 wt.%C and decreased at carbon higher than 2.0 wt.%. The effective distribution of the coefficient of nickel in as-cast Fe-30 wt.% Ni-12.5 wt.% Co-xC Invar alloy increased with increasing carbon content. The volume fraction of they phase of Fe-30 wt.% Ni-12.5 wt.% Co-xC alloy increased with increasing carbon content. The microstructure of Fe-30 wt.% Ni-12.5 wt.% Co-xC alloy changed with the carbon content was independent of the coefficient of thermal expansion. The Curie temperature changed linearly with the carbon content and was similar to the change of the coefficient of thermal expansion. Moreover, the coefficient of thermal expansion decreased when the ratio of saturation magnetization to Curie temperature ($\sigma_s/T_c$) increased, decreasing the Curie temperature and showed a specific relationship with the magnetic properties of the Fe-30 wt.% Ni-12.5 wt.% Co-xCInvar alloy.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1997년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.703-708
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• 1997

In this study, the fatigue tests are performed on simply-supported R/C beams strengthened with steel plate and CFS (Carbon fiber sheet). Analysis results by Weibull distribution are compared with the test data. The unknown Weibull distribution parameters are estimated based on observations recorded in fatigue test. Safety factors for the number of cycles and the stress level are obtained. S-N-P curves are also generated from these testes and probabilities of failure.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2018

Low pressure casting process for unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced aluminum (UD-CF/Al) composites which is an infiltration route of molten Al into porous UD-CF preform has been a cost-effective way to obtain metal matrix composites (MMCs) but, easy to cause non-uniform fiber distribution as CF clustering. Such clustered CFs have been a problem to decrease the density and thermal conductivity (TC) of composites, due to the existence of pores in the clustered area. To obtain high thermal performance composites for heat-sink application, the relationship between fiber distribution and porosity has to be clearly investigated. In this study, the CF distribution was evaluated with quantification approach by using two-dimensional spatial distribution method as local number 2-dimension (LN2D) analysis. Note that the CFs distribution in composites sensitively changed by sizes of Cu bridging particles between the CFs added in the UD-CF preform fabrication stage, and influenced on only $LN2D_{var}$ values.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.935-941
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• 1996

Two-dimensional carbon/carbon preforms made of PAN-based carbon yarn and phenolic resin were densified with pyrolysis of propane by pulse chemical vapor infiltration where repeated the cycle of gas introduction residence and evacuation. Maximim density increment was 14% when infiltration temperature and time were 100$0^{\circ}C$ and 21.25 hrs respectively. The distribution of deposits of pyrocarbon by this process has been occurred uniformly in the bottom middle and top of carbon/carbon composite preform Pulse CVI with residence is most effective in increasing density and shortening infiltration time among isothermal CVI and pulse CVI with and without residence.

• Carbon letters
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.335-339
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• 2007

Carbon/silicon composites were synthesized by mixing silicon powders with petroleum pitch and subsequent heat-treatment. The resultant composites were composed of carbon and nano-size crystalline silicon identified by XRD and EDX. FIB images and SEM images were taken respectively to detect the existence of silicon impregnated in carbon and the distribution of silicon on the carbon surface. The obtained carbon/silicon materials were assembled as half cell anodes for lithium ion secondary battery and their electrochemical properties were tested. The pitch/silicon composite (3 : 1 wt. ratio) heat treated at $1000^{\circ}C$ and mixed with 55.5 wt.% of graphite showed relatively good electrochemical properties such as the initial efficiency of 78%, the initial discharge capacity of 605 mAh/g, and the discharge capacity of 500 mAh/g after 20 cycles.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2005

The effects of carbon black on the fatigue lift and the fracture morphology and the carbon black dispersion of the carbon-black filled natural rubbers, for the vibration-proof, were investigated. Different kinds of carbon blacks resulted in different fatigue lift and fracture morphologies, which are classified by micro-scale and macro-scale fracture morphologies. These results be related to the size distribution of carbon black particles, the development of the carbon black agglomerate and the combine forces between the carbon black and the natural rubber.