• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.674-681
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• 2020

The root of Codonopsis lanceolata has been used in traditional medicine. This study was conducted to confirm the comparative effect of ethanol solvent extraction (CLE) and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (CLS) of C. lanceolata roots. CLS had higher antioxidant than CLE. For supercritical co-solvent modified carbon dioxide extraction (CLS), it were extracted at 250 bar 50℃ 150 min at a flow rate of ethyl alcohol 3 mL/min for 90min. In addition, CLS inhibited the adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells. When treated with the extract at a concentration of 100 ㎍/mL, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway reporter luciferase activity of HEK 293-TOP cells increased approximately by 3-folds compared to that of the untreated control group. Also, the treatment by CLS (50 ㎍/mL) showed a significant increase of involucrin expression. These results indicate that supercritical carbon dioxide extract of C. lanceolatamay serve as a cosmeceutical agent for improving skin barrier function and the treatment of obesity.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.43-45
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• 2007

Carbon dioxide is the fourth most abundant gas in the earth's atmosphere, and it is widely used in the chemical industry. Solid carbon dioxide is commonly known as dry ice. At low concentration, carbon dioxide appears to have little toxicological effect. At higher concentrations, however, it can produce an increased respiratory rate, tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmia, loss of consciousness, convulsion, and even death. Management of carbon dioxide poisoning requires the immediate removal of an individual from the toxic environment and administration of oxygen. It is important to know the concentration of carbon dioxide to which a patient has been exposed. We report a case of acute poisoning from solid carbon dioxide in a patient presenting with drowsiness and diminished mental capacity when she arrived in the emergency department. She recovered completely after administration of oxygen with conservative treatment.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.253-260
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• 2015

Enlargement of street tree planting area is the proper and effective solution to reduce carbon dioxide. This solution bases on the ability of carbon storage and uptake by tree metabolism. However, the circumstance of road side has fatal disadvantages in tree metabolism such as growth and maturity because cutting and filling of roadsides cause unnatural soil composition. In this point, early rootage of street tree is the main factor of reducing carbon dioxide. This study aimed to find a appropriate transplantation planting method for sound and rapid rootage of street tree. For the study, Korean Mountain Ash(Sorbus alnifolia) were used for experimental groups. The groups were categorized by three groups such as trees produced on container with mulching treatment, trees produced in outdoor with mulching treatment, trees produced on container with weeding treatment. Each group consisted 10 trees with same size and transplanted in experimental site. Five months after transplanting, each group was estimated the biomass and carbon storage through a direct harvesting method. According to results of the study, the carbon storage of trees produced on container with mulching treatment is 42% more than trees produced in outdoor with mulching treatment. And the carbon storage of trees produced on container with mulching treatment is 19.5% more than trees produced on container with weeding treatment. These results may imply that transplantation of container produced tree with mulching treatment is the most rapid rootage among other groups. The weeding treatment is more effective than mulching treatment for rapid rootage of street trees.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.478-485
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• 2017

본 연구는 레드키위 과실의 수확 후 숙성반응에 미치는 이산화탄소와 외부 에틸렌처리 효과를 구명하기 위하여 수행되었다. 저장온도 $10^{\circ}C$에 75일 저장 기간 중 레드키위의 숙성과정에 영향을 미치는 이산화탄소와 에틸렌 처리 효과를 구명하기 위하여 과실의 생체 중, 경도, 가용성 당 함량, 유기산 및 시장성 품질 등 물리 화학적 특성을 분석하였다. 레드키위의 생체중은 이산화탄소 처리로 저장 75일후 까지 무 처리와 에틸렌 처리에 비하여 가장 적게 감소된 반면 에틸렌 처리된 과실은 가장 빠르게 감소되었다. 에틸렌 처리과실의 경도는 $10^{\circ}C$ 저온저장 27일 후 4.2kg에서 1.2kg으로 감소된 반면, 이산화탄소 처리된 레드키위 과실은 저장 54일 후까지 1.8kg을 유지하였다. 가용성 당 함량(%)은 에틸렌처리로 $10^{\circ}C$ 저장 27일 후 가장 높은 값을 보인 반면 이산화탄소 처리된 과실에서는 64일 저장 후 가장 높게 나타났다. 레드 키위 과실의 유기산함량은 이산화탄소 처리에서 대조 구와 에틸렌 처리된 과실에 비하여 $10^{\circ}C$에 41일 저장 동안 통계적으로 유의성 있는 높은 값을 유지하였다. 당산 비는 75일 저장 기간 동안 대조 구와 에틸렌 처리된 과일에 비하여 이산화탄소 처리된 키위 과실이 가장 낮은 값을 보였다. 본 연구에서 이산화탄소 처리가 수확 후 레드 키위 과실의 숙성지연과 시장성 품질유지에 매우 효과적으로 나타나 향후 키위 산업에 상업적인 목적으로 이용 가능할 것으로 밝혀졌다.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제56권7호
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• pp.391-397
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• 2018

Mess removal, electrocoagulation, cryosurgery are conventional methods in the treatment of various oral mucosal diseases. However, there are several problems or complication during or after surgery using conventional tools. Recently, LASER gradually become useful tool in the surgery of oral mucosal diseases. Of the LASER, carbon dioxide-mediated LASER is widely used one. Carbon dioxide LASER has many advantages such as good bleeding control, decreased damage to adjacent tissue, decreased pain and swelling, reduced scar formation, even bacteriocidal effects. In this reports, the author describe pros and cons of LASER, especially focused on carbon dioxide, and shed light on the field of LASER application in treatment of various oral mucosal diseases.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.253-259
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• 2017

이산화염소 훈증 처리는 저곡해충에 대한 방제 가능성을 가지고 있다. 특히 체내로 독성 가스의 침투력을 높이기 위해 기문의 개방화를 유도하면 이 훈증 가스 처리 효과를 증가시킬 수 있다. 이 가설을 증명하기 위해 본 연구는 이산화염소 훈증 처리에 감수성을 보이는 화랑곡나방(Plodia interpunctella)을 대상으로 기문 개방 활동을 분석하였다. 화랑곡나방 유충의 기문은 모두 9쌍으로 앞가슴에 1쌍 그리고 복부에 8쌍을 각각 지니고 있다. 이들은 몸 내부에 가로 및 세로기관지와 연결된 구조를 지녔다. 기문 개방 유무는 염색액 침투 방법으로 판정하였으며 이를 토대로 분석한 결과 주변 온도 증가에 따라 기문 개방화는 약 60% 까지 증가하였다. 특히 이산화탄소에 노출되면 기문개방화는 약 95%까지 증가하였다. 반면에 이산화염소에 노출되면 화랑곡나방 유충의 기문은 대부분 닫혀 기문개방율이 약 25%로 줄었다. 이산화염소 처리에 이산화탄소를 추가한 결과 기문개방율은 이산화탄소 단독 처리만큼 크게 증가하였다. 이를 토대로 두 혼합 가스를 처리하여 살충효과를 분석한 결과 이산화염소 단독 처리에 비해 혼합처리가 현격하게 높은 살충력을 나타냈다.

• Medical Lasers
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.181-184
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• 2021

Scars can cause great psychological stress among patients. Currently, there are numerous topical agents, laser and surgical treatments available for skin rejuvenation and scar minimization. Laser-assisted drug delivery (LADD) is a treatment method that increases drug delivery by stimulating the skin physically and chemically to enhance the penetration of topical agents. This is one of the areas of great interest in the treatment of various skin diseases in addition to its use for cosmetic purposes. In particular, LADD is relatively non-invasive and has advantages in terms of accessibility and stability. Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) is a collagen stimulator known to gradually restore skin volume by inducing inflammation and fibroplasia. Herein, we report a case of treatment of an atrophic scar with fractional carbon dioxide laser-assisted PLLA delivery.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.285-290
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• 2009

유통기한이 7일 밖에 되지 않는 무싹의 저장성 향상을 위해서 고체 이산화탄소를 처리하였다. 이를 위해 고체 이산화탄소의 승화시 발생하는 이산화탄소가스와 극저온의 온도로 농산물에 고이산화탄소 처리와 예냉처리를 동시에 할 수 있는 처리 장치를 개발하였는데 개발된 장치는 처리 대상 작물 주위를 10분만 $5^{\circ}C$와 80% 이산화탄소로 조성하였다. 개발된 고이산화탄소 처리 장치를 이용하여 저장 전과 저장 중의 고체 이산화탄소 처리와 저장 전과 저장 중을 모두 한 처리, 그리고 무처리구를 두어 무싹의 저장성을 비교하였다. 고이산화탄소를 처리한 무싹은 $25{\mu}m$ ceramic film 포장하여서 $8^{\circ}C$에 저장하였다. 무순의 고이산화탄소 처리는 생체중 감소에는 영향을 주지 못하였고 저장 1일 째 포장내 이산화탄소와 산소 농도는 저장 중 처리구에서 40%와 10%로 고이산화탄소 농도를 보였으나 저장 7일째에는 모든 처리구의 이산화탄소 농도는 5% 미만으로 감소하였다. 고농도 이산화탄소 처리는 저장 15일째 에틸렌 농도를 낮추는 효과를 보였으나. 외관상 품질과 이취에서는 효과를 보이지 않았다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2003

This paper reports on a pilot scale comparison of PACS coagulation with and without pH preadjustment. The pH of the water was adjusted with carbon dioxide and sulfuric acid. Process performance was assessed on the basis of total organic carbon(TOC), UV absorbance, turbidity and disinfection by-product(DBP) precursors. Coagulation pH appeared to be a determining factor for maximum NOM removal. The optimum coagulation pH in order to decrease TOC and turbidity were pH 7. Preadjustment of pH 7 increased TOC removal to as much as 43, 47 percent with sulfuric acid and carbon dioxide. Moreover, coagulation at pH 7 caused a reduction in UV$_{254}$, THMFP and HAAFP compared to the baseline coagulation. For preadjustment of pH 7 with carbon dioxide, the percentage of TOC, UV$_{254}$, THMFP and HAAFP shows the reduction rate of 3.8, 0.5, 4.8, 9.4％ comparing to the coagulation rendition using sulfuric acid. Acid addition to depress pH during coagulation decrease Langelier Saturation Index(LSI), potentially causing increase corrosion in water distribution systems. LSI for carbon dioxide and sulfuric acid at pH 6 was -2.3, -3.3. Therefore, carbon dioxide was more effective at controlling corrosion than sulfuric acid.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2001년도 The 6th International Symposium of East Asian Resources Recycling Technology
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• pp.586-591
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• 2001

This research investigated the feasibility of the accelerated carbonation of cement waste forms with carbon dioxide in a supercritical state. Hydraulic cement has been used as a main solidification matrix for the immobilization of radioactive and/or hazardous wastes. As a result of the hydration reaction for major compounds of portland cement, portlandite (Ca(OH)$_2$) is present in the hydrated cement waste form. The chemical durability of a cement form is expected to increase by converting portlandite to the less soluble calcite (CaCO$_3$). For a faster reaction of portlandite with carbon dioxide, SCCD (supercritical carbon dioxide) rather than gaseous $CO_2$, in ambient pressure is used. The cement forms fabricated with an addition of slated lime or Na-bentonite were cured under ambient conditions for 28days and then treated with SCCD in an autoclave maintained at 34$^{\circ}C$ and 80atm. After SCCD treatment, the physicochemical properties of cement matrices were analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of accelerated carbonation reaction. Conversion of parts of portlandite to calcite by the carbonation reaction with SCCD was verified by XRD (X-ray diffraction) analysis and the composition of portlandite and calcite was estimated using thermogravimetric (TG) data. After SCCD treatment, tile cement density slightly increased by about 1.5% regardless of the SCCD treatment time. The leaching behavior of cement, tested in accordance with an ISO leach test method at 7$0^{\circ}C$ for over 300 days, showed a proportional relationship to the square root of the leaching time, so the major leaching mechanism of cement matrix was diffusion controlled. The cumulative fraction leached (CFL) of calcium decreased by more than 50% after SCCD treatment. It might be concluded that the enhancement of the characteristics of a cement matrix by an accelerated carbonation reaction with SCCD is possible to some extent.