• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2006.03a
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• pp.1060-1067
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• 2006

Sandy soils are generally used as a capping material to reduce the pollutants transport from the contaminated dredged sediment. However, dredged material capping is not widely used because regulatory agencies are concerned about the potential for contaminants migration through the cap. Movement of contaminated pore water from sediment into cap is mainly related to sediment consolidation during and after cap placement. To evaluate the significance of consolidation induced transport of contaminants from sediment into cap, research centrifuge tests were conducted. Centrifuge test results illustrate that advection and dispersion are the dominant contaminants transport processes and that capping reduces the potential of contaminant migration from the dredged sediment effectively.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07b
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• pp.671-674
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 Cobalt interlayer 와 Titanium Nitride(TiN) capping layer를 Ni SALICIDE의 단점인 열 안정성과 sheet resistance 와 series 저항을 감소시키는데 적용하여 0.lum 급 CMOS 소자의 특성을 연구하였다. 첫째로, Ni/Si 의 interface 에 Co interlayer 를 증착하여 Nickel Silicide의 단점인 열 안정성 평가인 700℃, 30min의 furnace annealing 후에 낮은 sheet resistance와 누설전류를 줄일 수 있었다. 두번째로, TiN caping layer를 적용하여 실리사이드 형성시 산소와의 반응을 막아 실리사이드의 표면특성을 향상시켜 누설전류의 특성을 개선하였다. 결과적으로 소자의 구동전류 향상, 누설전류 저하, 낮은 면저항으로 소자의 특성을 개선하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.2281-2284
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• 2014

Polystyrene beads (PS beads) with narrow size distribution were synthesized, and their diameter was controlled from 1.2 to $5{\mu}m$ by varying the injection rate of a styrene solution containing initiator and the concentration of reactant, such as initiator and capping material. The diameter of the PS beads increased with increasing in the injection rates and the initiator concentration or decreasing the capping material concentration. Then, we used the PS beads as building block, and organized them into a hexagonally close-packed monolayer on substrate with template-assisted manual assembly. We showed perfect hexagonally close-packed organization of the PS beads with various sizes in large-scale area. And we demonstrated the superiority of the dry manual assembly over the wet self-assembly in terms of simplicity, speed, perfect ordering, and large scale.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.240-244
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• 2012

Crown reattachment is the most conservative treatment which can be used to restore fractured tooth, presumably with sufficient strength, while maintaining original contour, incisal translucency, and reducing chair time and cost. However, in case of crown fracture with pin-point pulp exposure, we should cautiously minimize the irritation to the pulp and consider pre-treatment pulpal status, choice of pulp capping materials, choice of bonding system and treatment sequence during crown reattachment procedures. This case reports the considerations while crown reattachment with direct pulp capping using calcium hydroxide (Dycal, Dentsply Caulk).

• Journal of Korean Vacuum Science & Technology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.33-37
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• 2001

We measured x-ray magnetic circular dichroism of Co films on Pd(111) surface with and without Pd capping layer at the Co L$_2$,$_3$ edges. Perpendicular magnetization and orbital-moment enhancement are induced by the capping layer. The increase of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy induced by capping layer is considered to result from the increase of surface anisotropy due to the hybridization at the surface.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2002.12a
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• pp.50-51
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• 2002

최근 실온에서 약 40％ 이상의 높은 자기저항(magnetoresistance, MR)을 나타내는 자기 터널 접합(magnetic tunnel junction, MTJ)이 보고되면서 비휘발성 자기메모리로의 응용을 눈앞에 두고 있다.[1]. 이에 본 실험에서는 Substrate / Ta (base electrode) / NiFe / PtMn (AF pinning layer) / CoFe (pinned) / Ru / CoFe (fixed) / Al-O/ CoFe (free) / NiFe (free) / Ta & Ru (Capping Layer)과 같은 MTJ 증착 구조를 사용하여, MTJ의 보다 향상된 특성을 확보하기 위한 노력으로서 Al-O 두께, 어닐링 조건(Field Intensity ＆ Sequence)변화 등을 시도하였다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.429-429
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• 2010

TFT 제조 방법 중 LTPS (Low Temperature Polycrystalline Silicon)는 저온과 저비용 등의 이점으로 인하여 flat panel display 제작에 널리 사용된다. 이동도와 전류 점멸비 등에서 이점을 가지는 ELA(Excimer Laser Annealing)가 널리 사용되고 있지만, 이 방법은 uniformity 등의 문제점을 가지고 있다. 이를 극복하기 위한 방법으로 MICC(Metal Induced Capping Crystallization)이 사용되고 있다. 이 방법은 $SiN_x$, $SiO_2$, SiON등의 capping layer를 diffusion barrier로 위치시키고, Ni 등의 금속을 capping layer에 도핑 한 뒤, 다시 한번 열처리를 통하여 a-Si에 Ni을 확산시키킨다. a-Si 층에 도달한 Ni들이 seed로 작용하여 Grain size가 매우 큰 film을 제작할 수 있다. 채널의 grain size가 클 경우 grain boundary에 의한 캐리어 scattering을 줄일 수 있기 때문에 MIC 방법을 사용하였음에도 ELA에 버금가는 소자의 성능과 안정성을 얻을 수있었다. 본 연구에서는 large grain TFT의 Gate bias stress에 따른 소자의 안정성 측정 및 분석에 목표를 두었다.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.200-209
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• 2017

The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of three typical restorative materials - glass ionomer cement (GIC), resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGIC) and composite resin (CR) - to different pulp capping materials, i.e., Theracal $LC^{TM}$ (TLC), $Biodentine^{TM}$ (BD), and $ProRoot^{TM}$ white MTA (WMTA). 90 acrylic blocks with a center hole were prepared. The holes were completely filled with three pulp capping materials (TLC, BD, and WMTA), with 30 specimens per capping material. The samples were then randomly divided into 3 subgroups of 10 specimens each and were overlaid with GIC, RMGIC, or CR. A total 9 specimen groups were prepared. The SBS was assessed using a universal testing machine. Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney's test were performed to compare the SBS among the subgroups (p < 0.05). After the SBS test, the fractured surfaces were examined under a stereomicroscope at a magnification of $25{\times}$. The highest and lowest SBS values were recorded for TLC-CR and TLC-GIC, respectively. With regard to the SBS to the three pulp capping materials, CR was found to be superior to RMGIC and GIC. BD showed a higher SBS compared to TLC and WMTA when used with GIC.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.11 no.2 s.31
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• pp.23-28
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• 2004

We utilized Ag capping layer for fluxless bonding. To investigate the effect of Ag capping layer, two sets of sample were used. One set was bare In and Sn solders. The other set was In and Sn solders with Ag capping layer. In ($10{\mu}m$) and Sn ($10{\mu}m$) solders were deposited on Cu/Ti/Si substrate using thermal-evaporation, and Ag ($0.1{\mu}m$) capping layers were deposited on In and Sn solders. Solder joints were made by joining two In and Sn deposited specimens at $130^{\circ}C$ for 30 s under 0.8, 1.6, 3.2 MPa using thermal compression bonder. The contact resistance was measured using four-point probe method. The shear strength of the solder joints was measured by the shear test of cross-bar sample in the direction. The microstructure of the solder joints was characterized with SEM and EDS. In and Sn solders without Ag capping layers were only bonded at $130^{\circ}C$ under high bonding pressure. Also the shear strength of the In-Sn solder joints under was lower than that of the Ag/In-Ag/Sn solder joints. The resistance of the solder joints was $2-4\;m{\Omega}$ The solder joints consisted of In-rich phase and Sn-rich phase and the intermixed compounds were found at the interface. As bonding pressure increased, the intermixed compounds formed more.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.388-393
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• 2012

Branched polycarbonates (B-PCs) were synthesized using melt polymerization method with four different end capping agents and vaying concentrations. The chemical structure of the synthesized PC was determined by FT-IR and $^{1}H-NMR$ spectroscopy, and the reaction of the end capping agent was confirmed by the existence of hydroxy group in FT-IR spectrum. The average molecular weight and distribution, glass transition and degradation temperatures were determined by GPC, DSC and TGA. The average molecular weight changed with the chemical structure of end capping agent, and 4-tert-butylphenol was estimated as the optimum end capping agent. The average molecular weights of B-PCs decreased with the increase of the concentration of the agent, the number average molecular weight represented 20000 when 0.05 mol% of 4-tert-butylphenol was added to B-PCs. The melt viscosities of the B-PCs decreased with the decrease of the molecular weight of B-PCs, and adding of the agent was not effected to shear thinning tendency.