• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.901-925
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• 2014

The reliability of a Bridge management System depends on the quality of visual inspection and the reliable estimation of bridge condition rating. However, the current practices of visual inspection have been identified with several limitations, such as: they are time-consuming, provide incomplete information, and their reliance on inspectors' experience. To overcome such limitations, this paper presents an approach of automating the prediction of condition rating for bridges based on digital image analysis. The proposed methodology encompasses image acquisition, development of 3D visualization model, image processing, and condition rating model. Under this method, scaling defect in concrete bridge components is considered as a candidate defect and the guidelines in the Ontario Structure Inspection Manual (OSIM) have been adopted for developing and testing the proposed method. The automated algorithms for scaling depth prediction and mapping of condition ratings are based on training of back propagation neural networks. The result of developed models showed better prediction capability of condition rating over the existing methods such as, Naïve Bayes Classifiers and Bagged Decision Tree.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.1144-1155
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• 2006

Digital communication networks have become a core technology in advanced building automation systems. BACnet(Building Automation and Control networks) is a standard data communication protocol designed specifically for building automation and control systems. BACnet adopts Master-Slave/Token-Passing(MS/TP) protocol as one of its field level networks. In this study, we introduce a method of implementing a bandwidth allocation scheme in the MS/TP protocol. The bandwidth allocation scheme improves the capability of real-time communication of the original MS/TP protocol. The bandwidth allocation scheme introduced in this paper can be easily implemented in the existing MS/TP protocol with a slight modification. In this study, we actually developed the hardware and firmware of the modified MS/TP communication module in which the bandwidth allocation scheme is implemented. Using the modified MS/TP communication module, we developed an experimental model in order to examine the validity of the bandwidth allocation scheme in the MS/TP protocol. Experimental results show that the modified MS/TP protocol satisfies the requirements of real time communication for periodic and urgent messages of BACnet communication services.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.513-518
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• 2009

The building HVAC systems generally have very different qualities of performance and durability with the superintendent's interest in or capability of management and maintenance of them. The poor management of these systems finally lead to the shortening of the life expectancy and result in the increase of operating cost and energy consumption due to their low efficiencies. So it is necessary to develop tools to maintain adequately and to operate efficiently various building service equipments in order to cope with actively the global environment problems and energy crises. In this study the LCC based calculation program and package were developed, which could be used for analyses of the economic performance and determination of the reasonable maintenance time and methods of building HVAC systems.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.79-93
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• 2018

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the current status and factors associated with emotional support services among care providers in elderly care service organizations. Methods: A total of 87 elderly care service agencies nationwide were recruited for the survey. Agencies' characteristics and emotional capacity monitoring activities; and program-building operations among care providers were measured. The collected data were analyzed using an ANOVA and multiple regression analysis. Results: Emotional capacity monitoring activities and program building were generally low. Factors associated with emotional capacity monitoring activities were region, welfare regulations, and vacation and annual leave provisions, while those associated with emotional capacity building programs were identified as vacation and annual leave provisions. Conclusions: The agencies' vacation and welfare system seems to affect emotional support service activities among care providers. It is necessary to prevent emotional exhaustion of care providers and promote quality improvement of care through social and systematic emotional support services.

• Strategy21
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• 통권43호
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• pp.57-88
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• 2018

Security situations are fundamentally and rapidly changing on the Korean Peninsula. Above all, as North Korea(NK) is heightening its nuclear and missile capabilities, Republic of Korea(ROK) is facing an existential threat. At the same time, as China's economic, diplomatic and military power is quickly rising, the balance of power is shifting and strategic competition between the Unite States(US) and China is accelerating in the Asia-Pacific region. Under the pressure of development of these situations, ROK seems to face allegedly the most serious crisis in its national security since the end of the Korean War. In the current grim geopolitical situation, maritime security may become the most difficult security challenge for ROK in the years to come. The purpose of this paper is to compare major changes in maritime security affairs of the ROK during last twenty years from 1998 until now(2018). 1998 was when this journal 『Strategy 21』 was published for the first time by the Korea Institute for Maritime Strategy. Then, this paper tries to identify challenges and risks with which this country has to deal for its survival and prosperity, and to propose some recommendations for the government, the Navy, and the Coast Guard as they are responsible for the maritime security of the country. The recommendations of this paper are as follows: strengthen ROK-US alliance and expand security cooperation with regional powers in support of the maintenance of the current security order in the region; building-up of maritime security capacity in preparation for crisis on the maritime domain with the navy targeting to acquire 'a non-nuclear, balance-of-terror capability, to improve interoperability with the Coast Guard based on 'a national fleet,' and to actively pursue innovation in naval science and technology. Finally, this paper proposes that naval capability the country needs in another twenty years depends on how effectively and rigorously the navy put its utmost efforts towards building 'a strongest navy' today.

• Strategy21
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• 통권43호
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• pp.125-174
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• 2018

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the status of naval arms race in Northeast Asia. To this end, the scope of the research was limited to national security strategies, maritime strategies and naval strengthening of the United States, China, Russia and Japan. The major powers' active maritime strategies and naval arms race give some strategic implications to the Republic of Korea Navy as follows. First, China and Japan, unlike the past, are actively using submarines in offshore waters including the Korean Peninsula. Therefore, the ROK Navy must successfully promote the Jangbogo-III-class submarine, which is currently constructed, and get a nuclear-powered submarine and P-8 MPA capable of long-range and long-time operations to enhance ASW capability. Second, North Korea's current building submarines capable of loading SLBMs and SLBMs are a new threat to the ROK Navy. The current building KAMD, which focuses on terminal phase defense, cannot effectively respond to North Korea's SLBMs and should be converted to a multi-layered defense system including SM-3 at a mid-course phase. Third, as China militarizes the South China Sea, the instability of the South China Sea is growing. Therefore, the ROK Navy should strengthen its maritime cooperation with the regional countries such as Japan and ASEAN navies to protect SLOC. In conclusion, the ROK Navy needs to build a strong naval power to keep in mind that the 21st century naval rivalry in Northeast Asia is accelerating. The navy must do one's best to protect national strategic and vital interests by strengthening cooperation with regional countries. South Korea is also accelerating its defense reforms in accordance with the pattern of future warfare and the ROK Navy do one's best to have a balanced naval capability capable of actively operating in the offshore waters.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2009

건설기계는 건설사업의 성공적인 수행의 중요한 요인이며, 건설기계에 소요되는 비용이 건설공사비에서 차지하는 비중은 점차 증가하고 있다. 우리나라는 표준품셈에 제시된 건설기계 시공능력 산정식을 이용하여 건설기계의 시간당 작업량을 계산하고 있다. 건설기계 성능은 개선되고 있으나 시공능력 산정식에서 활용되고 있는 요소들은 이를 반영하지 못하고 있는 실정이며 극히 부분적으로만 재 개정되었다. 본 연구에서는 건설기계 시공능력 산정식 요소 중 사이클타임에 대해서 조사하였다. 이를 위해 먼저 관련 선행연구를 분석하였고, 건설공사에 주로 사용되는 건설기계인 굴삭기와 로우더의 사이클타임을 실사하였다. 수집된 자료와 현행 표준품셈의 시공능력 산정식에 적용되는 수치를 바탕으로 시뮬레이션 프로그램인 크리스탈볼을 활용하여 건설기계의 시공능력을 산정하였다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.397-407
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• 1997

본 논문에서는 기본적인 신호 처리 기능 블록들을 시각 프로그래밍 기법으로 조합하여 원하는 신호 분석 작업을 수행할 수 있는 신호 분석 환경 시스템에 대해 기술하였다. 기본적인 신호 처리 알고리즘들을 기본 기능 블록의 형태로 내장하고 있으며, 사용자가 스스로 개발한 신호 처리 알고리즘들은 정해진 형식에 맞추어 기능 블록의 형태로 구현하기만 하면, 코드의 변경 없이 신호 분석 환경에 추가할 수 있다. 기본적으로 제공되는 시각화 기능 블록을 사용하여 생체신호를 비롯한 각종 1차원 신호들과 신호 처리 알고리즘에 의해 변화된 파형들을 비교 관찰할 수 있을 뿐 아니라, 신호 검출 알고리즘에 의해 검출된 사건 정보들을 신호에 중첩하여 관찰할 수도 있다. 본 연구에서 개발된 신호 분석 환경 시스템은 객체지향 개념에 의거하여 설계, 구현되었으며, Windows NT 환경에서 동작한다.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.341-350
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 창호철물 공사의 하자발생 원인을 제도(System), 설계, 시공 3가지 측면에서 제도 미비(공사시방서 작성능력 부족등), 창호철물의 중요성에 대한 사회적 인식부족, 설계도면 작성 기술력 부족, 설계비 저가등 7가지를 도출하였다. 도출된 7가지 원인 중 창호철물 공사의 하자 발생에 높은 영향을 미치는 원인은 제도 미비(공사시방서 작성능력 부족), 설계도면 작성 기술력 부족이 각각 1순위, 2순위로 나타났다. 또한 이러한 하자발생 원인이 실제 프로젝트에서 건축사사무소와 시공사의 규모에 따라 어떻게 분포하는지와 시공품질에 미치는 영향을 분석 제시함으로써 향후 창호철물공사 하자방지 방안 마련을 위한 기초 연구를 수행하였다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.135-146
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• 2014

The improvement of adaptation capability against heat island (ACHI) by greening buildings is considered as an important measure to cope with a climate change. This study aimed to select the most appropriate zones for green roof initiative in case study sites, Bucheon, Anyang, and Suwon Cities and to investigate the characteristics of buildings for greening to improve ACHI. Relative ACHI for each lot was estimated from 0 to -9, assuming that it decreases with the distance from green space and waterbody. Low adaptation capabilities were mostly shown in the old urban blocks with dense low-rise buildings and lack of green space. Three blocks with the lowest ACHIs were chosen as a green roof initiative zone in each city. They are largely residential areas including low-rise buildings such as single, multi-household houses, townhouses, 5 or lower story apartments and few are industrial areas crowded with small factory buildings. The areas of building roof available for greening are 8.8% within the selected zones in Bucheon City, 5.3% in Anyang City, and 4.9% in Suwon City. As it were, 25.2~41.7% of the roof top areas are available for greening in these zones. It means that roof top areas of $25,000{\sim}120,000m^2$ can be used for greening within the selected zones of $0.64{\sim}1.65km^2$ to improve ACHI. The approach and results of the study are significant to provide a logical basis and information on location, scale, effect, and target figure of greening as a measure to cope with climate change.