• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2006년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.643-646
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• 2006

An operational calibration is applied to improve radar rainfall intensity using rainfall obtained from rain gauge. The method is applied under the assumption of the temporal continuity of rainfall, the rainfall intensity from rain gauge is linearly related to that from radar. The method is applied to the cases of typhoon and rain band using the reflectivity of CAPPI at 1.5km obtained from Jindo radar. The CAPPI is obtained by bilinear interpolation. For the two cases, the rainfall intensities obtained by operational calibration are very consistent with the ones by the rain gauges. The present study shows that the correlation between the rainfall intensity by operational calibration and rain gauges is better than the one between the rainfall intensity by M-P relationship and rain gauges. The correlation coefficients between the total rainfall intensity obtained by operational calibration and rain gauges in typhoon and rain band cases are 0.99 and 0.97, respectively. Areal rainfalls are estimated using the field of calibration factor interpolated by Barnes objective analysis. The method applied here shows an improvement in the areal rainfall estimation. For the cases of typhoon and rain band, the correlation between the areal rainfall by operational calibration and rain gauges is better than the one between the area rainfall by M-P relationship and rain gauges. The correlation coefficients between the areal rainfall obtained by operational calibration and rain gauges in typhoon and rain band cases are 0.97 and 0.84, respectively. The present study suggests that the operational calibration is very useful for the real-time estimation of rainfall intensity and areal rainfall.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.11-19
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• 1997

선미 반류분포를 계측하기위해 수조에서 흔히 사용하는 5공 피토관의 새로운 캘리브레이션 방법을 제안하였다. 기존의 한 각도(수평 또는 수직)만을 고려하는 1차원 캘리브레이션 방법과는 달리, 본 논문에서 제안한 2차원 차트 캘리브레이션 방법은 수평각과 수직각을 동시에 변화시켜 얻어진 2차원 차트를 이용하여 종전에 큰 각도에서 발생하던 오차를 줄임으로써 계측 정도를 크게 향상시켰다. 또한 종래의 1차원 방법에 맞추어 구성된 계측 시스템을 수정 없이 사용할 수 있도록 상관계수를 정의함으로써 사용의 편의를 도모하였다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2010

Sediment yields from Imha watershed were simulated during 1993-2008 using Hydrologic Simulation Program-Fortran (HSPF). Using observed daily stream flow for 2004-2008 and hourly suspended solid concentration for three events during 2006, HSPF was calibrated and validated at the sites of Imha and Youngyang for stream flow and Dongchun and Jangpachun for sediment yield. The calibration and validation results represented high model efficiency for simulating daily stream flow and hourly suspended solid. The determination coefficients of calibration and validation were 0.90 and 0.81 for daily stream flow, and 0.91 and 0.86 for monthly stream flow, respectively. Based on model tolerances for calibration and validation of stream flow, HSPF performance for simulating stream flow represented 'very good'. The determination coefficients of calibration and validation were 0.94-0.96 and 0.95 for hourly sediment yields, respectively. The average yearly sediment yield during 1993-2008 was 122,290 ton/year and most of sediment yield (77 % of total yield) were generated from June to August. The calibrated HSPF simulated well the movement of water and eroded soil within Imha watershed.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 2000년도 유체기계 연구개발 발표회 논문집
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• pp.193-199
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• 2000

The effects of Reynolds number on the non-nulling calibration of a cone-type five-hole probe in low-speed flows have been investigated at the Reynolds numbers of $2.04{\times}10^3,\;4.09{\times}10^3$, and $6.13{\times}10^3$. The calibration is conducted at the pitch and yaw angles in ranges between -35 degrees and 35 degrees with an angle interval of 5 degrees. The result shows that each calibration coefficient, in general, is a function of the pitch and yaw angles, so that the pre-existing calibration data in a nulling mode are not enough in accounting for the full non-nulling calibration characteristics. Due to the interference of the probe stem, the calibration coefficients have more Reynolds number sensitivity at positive pitch angles than at negative ones.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.977-985
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• 1994

New computer-aided calibration methods for the hot-wire and split film probes are presented. The proposed modified king's law takes into account instantaneous flow angle as well as the variation of calibration coefficients due to the total velocity magnitude change. It is found that the look-up table method has many advantages with respect to the accuracy on data and reducing run time for calibration over other conventional methods. In order to investigate the local sensitivity of the static calibration, a dynamic calibration procedure is also carried out.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.169-176
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• 2021

The Global Space-based Inter-Calibration System (GSICS) is an international partnership sponsored by World Meteorological Organization (WMO) to continue and improve climate monitoring and to ensure consistent accuracy between observation data from meteorological satellites operating around the world. The objective for GSICS is to inter-calibration from pairs of satellites observations, which includes direct comparison of collocated Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO)-Low Earth Orbit (LEO) observations. One of the GSICS inter-calibration methods, the Ray-matching technique, is a surrogate approach that uses matched, co-angled and co-located pixels to transfer the calibration from a well calibrated satellite sensor to another sensor. In Korea, the first GEO satellite, Communication Ocean and Meteorological Satellite (COMS), is used to participate in the GSICS program. The National Meteorological Satellite Center (NMSC), which operated COMS/MI, calculated the Radiative Transfer Model (RTM)-based GSICS coefficient coefficients. The L1P reproduced through GSICS correction coefficient showed lower RMSE and Bias than L1B without GSICS correction coefficient applied. The calculation cycles of the GSICS correction coefficients for COMS/MI visible channel are provided annual and diurnal (2, 5, 10, 14-day), but long-term evaluation according to these cycles was not performed. The purpose of this paper is to perform evaluation depending on the annual/diurnal cycles of COMS/MI GSICS correction coefficients based on the ray-matching technique using Suomi-NPP/Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) data as reference data. As a result of evaluation, the diurnal cycle had a higher coincidence rate with the reference data than the annual cycle, and the 14-day diurnal cycle was the most suitable for use as the GSICS correction coefficient.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제19권8호
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• pp.1632-1648
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• 2005

The effects of Reynolds number on the non-nulling calibration of a typical cone-type five-hole probe have been investigated for the representative Reynolds numbers in turbomachinery. The pitch and yaw angles are changed from - 35 degrees to 35 degrees with an angle interval of 5 degrees at six probe Reynolds numbers in range between $6.60{\times}10^3\;and\;3.17{\times}10^4$. The result shows that not only each calibration coefficient itself but also its Reynolds number dependency is affected significantly by the pitch and yaw angles. The Reynolds-number effects on the pitch- and yaw-angle coefficients are noticeable when the absolute values of the pitch and yaw angles are smaller than 20 degrees. The static-pressure coefficient is sensitive to the Reynolds number nearly all over the pitch- and yaw-angle range. The Reynolds-number effect on the total-pressure coefficient is found remarkable when the absolute values of the pitch and yaw angles are larger than 20 degrees. Through a typical non-nulling reduction procedure, actual reduced values of the pitch and yaw angles, static and total pressures, and velocity magnitude at each Reynolds number are obtained by employing the calibration coefficients at the highest Reynolds number ($Re=3.17{\times}10^4$) as input reference calibration data. As a result, it is found that each reduced value has its own unique trend depending on the pitch and yaw angles. Its general tendency is related closely to the variation of the corresponding calibration coefficient with the Reynolds number. Among the reduced values, the reduced total pressure suffers the most considerable deviation from the measured one and its dependency upon the pitch and yaw angles is most noticeable. In this study, the root-mean-square data as well as the upper and lower bounds of the reduced values are reported as a function of the Reynolds number. These data would be very useful in the estimation of the Reynolds-number effects on the non-nulling calibration.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.281-289
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• 2002

Although EOC data have been frequently used in several applications since the launch of the KOMPSAT-1 satellite in 1999, its radiometric characteristics are not clear due to the inherent limitations of the on-board calibration system. The radiometric characteristics of remotely sensed imagery can be measured by the sensitivity of radiant flux coming from various surface features on the earth. The objective of this study is to analyze the radiometric characteristics of EOC data by simulating the sensor- received radiance. Initially, spectral reflectance values of reference targets were measured on the ground by using a portable spectre-radiometer at the EOC spectrum. A radiative transfer model, LOWTRAN, then simulated the sensor-received radiance values of the same reference target. By correlating the digital number (DN) extracted from the EOC image to the corresponding radiance values simulated from LOWTRAN, we could find the radiometric calibration coefficients for EOC image. The radiometric gain coefficients of EOC are very similar to those of other panchromatic optical sensors.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제39권6_1호
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• pp.1389-1399
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• 2023

Field Line of sight Automated Radiance Exposure (FLARE) 시스템을 이용하여 다목적위성3호/3A호의 절대복사 검보정 연구를 수행하였다. FLARE는 미국의 Labshphere사에 의해 개발된 시스템으로 SPecular Array Radiometric Calibration (SPARC) 개념을 적용한 것이다. FLARE는 거울처럼 반사하는 거울 타겟을 사용하여 산란되는 복사에너지의 원인 요소들을 최소화시킨 단순한 복사보정 방법을 제공한다. FLARE 시스템이 장착된 사이트를 통과하는 다목적위성3호/3A호를 이용한 영상자료 획득을 위해 2021년 7월 5일부터 7월 15일 사이에 필드캠페인을 진행하였다. 기상 상황 때문에 여러 번의 관측 자료 가운데 2개의 다목적위성3호 관측자료만이 유효한 샘플 영상으로 확인되었다. FLARE 시스템과 다목적위성3호 관측 자료를 바탕으로 절대복사 검보정 계수를 산출하였다. 7월 7일과 7월 13일 획득된 2개의 FLARE 관측 자료를 통해 계산된 결과는 근적외 채널을 제외하고 1% 이내의 매우 유사한 결과를 보여 주었다. 2021년 8월 획득된 다목적위성3호/3A호 자료를 추가하여 분석한 결과, 현재의 메타 데이터에 할당된 위성들의 이득값들과는 상당한 차이를 보였다. 제한된 획득자료로 인해 FLARE 시스템을 실제 운영 중인 다목적위성3호/3A호에 대한 절대복사 검보정 계수 산출 용도로 사용하기 위해서는 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 산업공학
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.55-65
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• 1993

A nonstandard instrument used in the filed frequently becomes out-of-calibration due to environmental noise, misuse, aging, etc. A substantial amount of loss may result if such nonstandard instrument is used to check product quality and performance. Traditional periodic calibration at the calibration center is not capable of detecting out-of-calibration status while the instrument is in use, and therefore, statistical methods need to be developed to check the status of a nonstandard instrument in the field between calibrations. Developed in this paper is a unified measurement assurance model in which statistical calibration at the calibration center and measurement assurance test in the filed are combined. We developed statistical procedures to detect changes in precision and in the coefficients of the calibration equation. Futher, computational experiments are conducted to evaluate how the power of test varies with respect to the parameters involved. Based upon the computational results we suggest procedures for designing effective measurement assurance tests.