• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.555-563
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• 2010

With recent advances in 3D scanning technology, three-dimensional (3D) patternmaking is becoming a powerful way to develop garments pattern. This technology is now applicable to the made to measure (MTM) system of both ordinary and tightly fitting garments. Although the pattern of fitted clothing has been developed using 3D human data, it is still interesting to develop cycling pants by considering while-cycling body posture and fabric elasticity. This study adopted the Garland's triangle simplification method in order to simplify data without distorting the original 3D scan. Next, the Runge-Kutta method (2C-AN program) was used to develop a 2D pattern from the triangular pixels in the 3D scanned data. The 3D scanned data of four male, university students aged from 21 to 25, was obtained using Whole body scanner (Model WB4, Cyberware, Inc., USA). Results showed the average error of measurement was $4.58cm^2$ (0.19%) for area and 0~0.61cm for the length between the 3D body scanned data and the 2D developed pattern data. This is an acceptable range of error for garment manufacture. Additionally, the 2D pattern developed, based on the 3D body scanned data, did not need ease for comfort or ease of movement when cycling. This study thus provides insights into how garment patterns may be developed for ergonomic comfort in certain special environments.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.355-366
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• 1999

In this study, the characteristics of science inquiry problem solving were analyzed in the interactions between science process skills and science concepts by each related its category. Nine types of problem solving, which were based on two elements and the thinking aloud were found largely by protocol analysis, but six types when integrated similar thinking processes. There were quite differences in the representative types between students who succeeded and failed when science inquiry items were solved in the abilities of recognizing problems and generating hypotheses or those of drawing conclusions and evaluating. But there were not complete differences in those types between students who succeeded and failed when they were solved in the abilities of designing and performing experiments or those of interpreting and analyzing data. The data were divided into independent variables: $D_1,\;D_2,\;D_3,\;D_4,\;D$ and $C_1,\;C_2,\;C_3,\;C_4,\;C$ and dependant variables; $E_1,\;E_2,\;E_3,\;E_4,\;E$. The former consisted of the content-free science process skill achievement levels by each category of science inquiry skill and the science concept achievement levels, the latter the science inquiry problem achievement levels by each category of science inquiry skill. The regression equations were acquired within the 0.05 significant level by regression analysis: $E_1=0.03+0.16D_1+0.29C_1,\;E_2=-0.203+0.21D_2+0.45C_2,\;E_3=-0.32+0.13D_3+0.47C_3,\;E_4=0.61+0.09D_4+0.29C_4,\;E=-1.41+0.13D+0.47C$(E : the achievement of science problems, D : the achievement of science process skills, C : the achievement of science concepts).

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.46 no.9
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• pp.137-146
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• 2008

This study was conducted in order to spread out lower body 3D scan data of men in their twenties. The aim was to achieve slacks pattern with ease allowance through comparison with existing flat patterns. For conversion of 3D scan data into 20 pattern, reference lines were established by using Rapid Foam in 3D shape analysis software. 2C-AN program and Yuka CAD were used to convert 20 pattern earned with straight posture of 3D scan data into slacks pattern by using Triangle Simplification & Runge-Kutta Method. In order to achieve this we needed to set a line 9cm below the hip line, to array vertex of each block to crease line while maintaining the horizontal line. And then we needed to set ease allowance in back crotch and to set waist circumference or hip circumference ease allowance in side seam of slacks. Results showed that long front crotch length can be achieved if 3D scan data is compared with 20 existing flat pattern. Slacks pattern that raise front crotch by about 1.5cm compared to back crotch and also possess ease allowance in back crotch area are great in appearance evaluation.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.44 no.9
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• pp.59-70
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• 2007

In this paper, we proposed an effective T&L(Transform & Lighting) Processor architecture for a real time 3D graphics acceleration SoC(System on a Chip) in a mobile system. We designed Floating point arithmetic IPs for a T&L processor. And we verified IPs using a SoC Platform. Designed T&L Processor consists of 24 bit floating point data format and 16 bit fixed point data format, and supports the pipeline keeping the balance between Transform process and Lighting process using a parallel computation of 3D graphics. The delay of pipeline processing only Transform operation is almost same as the delay processing both Transform operation and Lighting operation. Designed T&L Processor is implemented and verified using a SoC Platform. The T&L Processor operates at 80MHz frequency in Xilinx-Virtex4 FPGA. The processing speed is measured at the rate of 20M Vertexes/sec.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.12C
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• pp.984-994
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• 2010

Pose variation is a critical problem in face recognition. Three-dimensional(3D) face recognition techniques have been proposed, as 3D data contains depth information that may allow problems of pose variation to be handled more effectively than with 2D face recognition methods. This paper proposes a pose-normalized 3D face modeling method that translates and rotates any pose angle to a frontal pose using a plane fitting method by Singular Value Decomposition(SVD). First, we reconstruct 3D face data with stereo vision method. Second, nose peak point is estimated by depth information and then the angle of pose is estimated by a facial plane fitting algorithm using four facial features. Next, using the estimated pose angle, the 3D face is translated and rotated to a frontal pose. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, we designed 2D and 3D face recognition experiments. The experimental results show that the performance of the normalized 3D face recognition method is superior to that of an un-normalized 3D face recognition method for overcoming the problems of pose variation.

• Journal of Information Technology and Architecture
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.495-504
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• 2014

This paper present a strategy of intellectual property acquisition and core technology development direction using analysis of 2D to 3D video conversion technology patent data. As a result of analysis of trends in patent 2D to 3D technology, it is very promising technology field. Using a strategic patent map using research of patent trend, you will keep ahead of the competition in 2D3D image data conversion market.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.227-232
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• 2000

This study applied asynchronous W-CDMA(3GPP) system that is suggested as an access method of IMT-2000, multimedia communication in next generation, and estimated fading channel by using pilot symbol different from traditional IS-95. And then, it applied PIC(Parallel Interference Cancellation) as multiple access interference cancellation and analyzed performance depending on the power rate between DPCCH(Control) and DPDCH(Data). As a result of simulation, it showed the best performance in C:D = 3:7 and 4:6, where set up as five users in case of hand design, and showed the best performance in C:D = 3:7, where did as ten users.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.111-112
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• 1996

The chemical shifts of C-21 and C-23 in the $^{13}C$-NMR for (20R)-protopanaxatriol, (20R)-ginsenoside $Rh_1$ and (20R)-ginsenoside $Rg_3$ were revised by employing some extensive 2D-NMR techniques.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.373-390
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• 2018

In this paper we study the small-data scattering of the d dimensional fractional $Schr{\ddot{o}}dinger$ equations with d = 2, 3, $L{\acute{e}}vy$ index 1 < ${\alpha}$ < 2 and Hartree type nonlinearity $F(u)={\mu}({\mid}x{\mid}^{-{\gamma}}{\ast}{\mid}u{\mid}^2)u$ with max(${\alpha}$, ${\frac{2d}{2d-1}}$) < ${\gamma}{\leq}2$, ${\gamma}$ < d. This equation is scaling-critical in ${\dot{H}}^{s_c}$, $s_c={\frac{{\gamma}-{\alpha}}{2}}$. We show that the solution scatters in $H^{s,1}$ for any s > $s_c$, where $H^{s,1}$ is a space of Sobolev type taking in angular regularity with norm defined by ${\parallel}{\varphi}{\parallel}_{H^{s,1}}={\parallel}{\varphi}{\parallel}_{H^s}+{\parallel}{\nabla}_{{\mathbb{S}}{\varphi}}{\parallel}_{H^s}$. For this purpose we use the recently developed Strichartz estimate which is $L^2$-averaged on the unit sphere ${\mathbb{S}}^{d-1}$ and utilize $U^p-V^p$ space argument.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.9C
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• pp.840-848
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• 2007

A multiple description coding (MDC) scheme for 3-D Data is presented. First, a plane-based 3-D data is split into two descriptions, each of which has identical contribution in 3-D surface reconstruction. In order to maximize the visual quality of reconstructed 3-D data, then, plane parameters are modified according to channel error condition. Finally, these descriptions are compressed and transmitted over distinct channels. In decoder, if two descriptions are available, we reconstruct a high quality 3-D data. If only one description is transmitted, however, 3-D surface recovery scheme reduces artifacts on erroneous 3-D surface, yielding a smooth 3-D surface. Therefore, the proposed algorithm guarantees acceptable quality reconstruction of 3-D data even though one channel is totally lost.