• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.216-220
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of c-fos oncogenes in the development of fibrous dysplasia and osteofibrous dysplasia. The immunohistochemical expression of c-fos protein was evaluated in 15 cases of fibrous dysplasia and 8 cases of osteofibrous dysplasia. Ten cases of fibrous dysplasia were weakly positive with c-fos. Six cases of osteofibrous dysplasia were weakly positive and the remaining two cases were strongly positive. The overall expression of c-fos protein is weaker than high-grade osteosarcoma, thus the implication of c-fos protein is little in the development of these tumors. Fibrous dysplasia and osteofibrous dysplasia share some features of characteristic histology and c-fos expression.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.142-149
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• 2001

Background: The expression of the proto-oncogene c-fos in spinal cord neurons following various noxious stimuli has been demonstrated in numerous studies. However, the pattern of expression of c-fos after incisional stimulus has not been evaluated. This study was designed to examine c-fos expression in an incisional pain model of rats. Methods: A 1 cm longitudinal incision was made through the skin, fascia and muscle of the plantar aspect of the hindpaw in enflurane-anesthetized rats. Withdrawal responses were measured using von Frey filaments at areas around the wound before surgery and for the next 48 hours. The expression of c-fos protein in the lumbar spinal cord was examined by immunohistochemistry. Results: After incision, c-fos was strongly expressed within laminae I, II, III, IV, V and VI ipsilateral to the incision. C-fos positive neurons were detected in the controlateral site, as well. Conclusions: These studies suggest that spinal c-fos protein may not be used as a specific marker for spinal nociceptive processing in an incisional pain model.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.162-168
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• 1999

The products of c-fos and c-jun proto-oncogenes form the heterodimeric complex activator protein 1 (AP-1), which plays an important part in the control of bone cell proliferation and differentiation, as well as in the development of bone tumors. The expression of c-fos protein was examined in 35 cases of human osteosarcomas as formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections using a monoclonal antibody. The expression of c-fos was restricted to bone-forming lesions, while low grade cartilaginous tumors were devoid of immunoreactivity. The highest levels of c-fos expression were detected in osteoblastic osteosarcoma (13 of 17 cases with grade one on two) while two chondroblastic osteosarcomas, one fibroblastic osteosarcoma, and two parosteal osteosarcomas were negative. Two cases of telangiectatic osteosarcomas were positive for c-fos protein. However, since there is a tendency of high c-fos protein expression at the higher histological grade, significant differences were not present in the expression of c-fos protein. Thus c-fos expression may be implicated in the development of osteosarcomas, but they appear to have little or no relevance in the development of low grade cartilaginous neoplasms.

• Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2009

The expression of c-Fos and c-Jun represents neuronal activity and plays a crucial role in the shaping of the development of brain. During the late pregnancy, exercise is known to influence neuronal activity of offspring. In the present study, the effect of swimming during pregnancy on the expression of c-Fos and c-Jun in the CA1, CA2, CA3 regions, and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus of rat offspring was investigated using immunohistochemistry. Pregnant rats in the swimming group were forced to swim for 10 min once a day from 15 days after pregnancy until delivery. The expression of c-Fos and c-Jun in the CA1, CA2, CA3 regions, and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus of pups was significantly increased by maternal swimming during late pregnant period. The present results show that prenatal swimming may enhance the neuronal activity of pups and affect the neonatal brain development.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.305-313
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• 1998

Steroid hormone is known to cause the dynamic changes of mammalian uterus during reproductive cycle. However there is little information about the effect of estrogen (E) and progesterone (P) on the expression of various transcription factors involved in gene expression. Thus the present study was designed to demonstrate E and/or P-induced expression of c-Fos, CREB, ATF and HSP70 in rat uterus. Rats, ovariectomized (OVX) for two weeks, were divided into 6 experimental groups, 1) OVX, 2) OVX+V, 3) OVX+E, 4) OVX+P, 5) OVX+E+V, 6) OVX+E+P, and western blotting assay for nuclear extract and immunohistochemical staining were carried out for each experimental group. Treatment of E $(10{\mu}g)$ showed to increase the expression of c-Fos, CREB, ATF, and HSP70, and maximal expression was occured at $3\sim6$ hr after E administration. P (1mg) also increased, but much less than E, the expression of c-Fos, ATF, and HSP70. However, P did not reveal any effect on the expression CREE. P treatment 4 hr after E injection decreased c-Fos, CREB, and ATF expression, but did not show any change in the E-induced HSP70 expression. In immunohistochemical study c-Fos-, CREB-, and ATF-immunoreactivities were confined to the cells of luminal epithelium of uterine endometrium. These results suggest that proliferation and differentiation of rat uterus during reproductive cycle may mediated via expression of transcription factors, such as c-Fos, CREB, ATF, and HSP70.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.245-253
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• 2011

This study is to examine the effect of swimming exercise on the expression of c-fos, c-jun protein in rat hippocampus. 4-weeks aged rats and 16-weeks aged rats were used in experimental materials. All of two groups were classified into control and swimming exercise group. Swimming exercise was practiced for an hour a day. The results were got as follows after practical application in 1 day, 3days, 7 days. The expression of c-fos, c-jun protein was increased in all of the two experimental groups significantly in 1 day, 3days, 7 days. It was increased gradually in order of after 1 day, 3days, 7 days. There seems to be the effect of swimming exercise increasing the expression of c-fos, c-jun protein in hippocampus. Therefore swimming exercise can improve cognitive function such as learning and memory and prevent through activating immediate - early gene by swimming exercise. And it seems to have the positive effect on growth and recovery of nerve.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.190-198
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• 2003

Expression of c-fos, an immediate early gene, has accepted to be a marker of functional activity in neurons. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of cold therapy on the expression of spinal cord c-fos in rats of carrageenan-induced muscle pain. Muscle pain was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by intra-muscular injection of gastrocnemius with $2\%$ carrageenan. The paw withdrawal latency (PWL) and tail flick test (TFT) responses to heat stimuli were used to detect secondary hyperalgesia produced by the muscle pain and measured to assess the effects of cold. The expression of c-fos was determined in the lumbar regions of the spinal cord by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry assays. The secondary hyperalgesia to heat simuli (PWL and TFT) were significantly reduced in cold therapy compared with that in the controls. In RT-PCR assays the expression of c-fos mRNA was down-regulated in the lumbar spinal cord in cold group. In addition, Fos immunoreactivity in the dorsal horn of the lumbar spinal cord was decreased in cold group. These results suggested that application of cold attributed to increase PWL and TFT responses and to decrease expression of the c-fos produced by muscle pain.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.69-74
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• 1999

Both direct and indirect environmental stress to brain were increase the expression of transcription factor c-fos in various populations of neurons. In this study, we examined whether the intraperitoneal injections of lidocaine at doses inducing convulsion within 10 min increased the level of c-fos mRNA and protein in forebrain areas. In situ hybridization using $[^{35}S]UTP-labeled$ antisense c-fos, cRNA increased c-fos mRNA levels though hippocampal formation, piriform cortex, septum, caudate-putamen, neostriatum, and amygdala within 2 hr. In parallel with the mRNA expression, c-FOS protein immunoreactivity was also observed in the same forebrain areas. In contrast to the seizure activity and widespread neuronal degeneration following a kainate treatment, injections of lidocaine did not produce neuronal death within 3 days. The present study indicates that lidocaine induces convulsion and c-fos expression without causing neurotoxicity.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2008

Background : Acupuncture has been used as a clinical treatment in Oriental medicine for various diseases including pain relief. The descending pain control system of periaqueductal gray (PAG) is a powerful pain control system in mammalians. Expression of c-Fos is used as a marker for stimuli-induced metabolic changes of neurons. Objective : In the present study, the effects of acupuncture on analgesic effect in visceral pain were investigated through the writhing reflex and c-Fos expression in ventrolateral PAG (vlPAG) area using immunohistochemistry in mice. Method : For the writhing test, mice were divided into five groups. Immediately after finishing the behavioral test, the animals were weighed and overdosed with Zoletil. After a complete lack of response was observed, the brains of the mice were dissected into serial coronal sections, and c-Fos immunohistochemistry was performed. Statistical analysis of all data was performed using one-way ANOVA. Result : The present results showed that acupuncture affected the writhing reflex and that Choksamni (zusnali) acupoint and aspirin significantlysuppressed acetic acid treatment-induced increased writhing reflex, and the expression of c-Fos in vlPAG was significantly increased in the acupunctured group. Conclusion : The present study suggests that acupuncture has an antinociceptive effect on acetic acid-induced visceral pain by increase of c-Fos expression in mice. Aspirin also showed analgesic effect, however the mechanism is different from the acupuncture.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.167-172
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• 2002

Effect of single administration of Polygala tenuipolia was examined on short-term memory in step through test and the intensity of the immunoreactive c-Fos protein induced by oral administration of ethanol. The acquisition of memory was significantly reduced by ethanol, and ethanol amnesia was remarkably reversed following oral administration of Polygala tenuifolia. c-Fos protein in normal rat brain was highly expressed in order of thalamus, pariental cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, amygdaloid and cingulate cortex. The expression of Fos protein was remarkably suppressed by single administration of ethanol. The inhibitory effect of ethanol on expression of Fos protein was reversed by single administration of Polygara tenuipolia, especially tissues of limbic areas such as amygdala, parietal cortex and CA3 of hippocampus. These results suggested that the amelioration process of Polygala tenuipolia on ethanol amnesia seems to be involve the expression of c-Fos protein in partly.