• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제38권6호
• /
• pp.861-866
• /
• 2011

Purpose: Together with the breast, buttocks are an important element of attractive body contour. To make a beautiful buttocks, improvement of body contour around the buttock as well as buttock augmentation and lifting is also important. The authors investigated characteristic features of buttocks in Koreans and report about the results of liposculpture and autologous fat injection for improving buttock's contour. Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 21 patients who would like to gluteal reshaping. We checked about buttock's ptosis, projection, depression, gluteal retraction and excessive fat accumulation around buttocks. Depending on it, we performed liposculpture and autologous fat injection. Under general anesthesia, we harvested fat from excessive fat accumulation areas around buttocks, and injected into buttocks medio-superiorly. Postoperatively, pillows were positioned on the bed not to press the buttocks which were injected with the fat. Results: Based on the shape of buttocks, A-shape is seen in 4 cases (19%), V-shape 3 cases (14%), squareshape 9 cases (43%), round-shape 5 cases (24%). Based on the Gonzalez's ptosis grading method, 1 degree ptosis is 1 case (4%), 2 degree ptosis is 6 cases (29%), 3 degree ptosis is 8 cases (38%), 4 degree ptosis is 6 cases (29%). There were no complications such as infection, hematoma, pain, dysparethesia. The subjective assessment of surgical results by patients was excellent. Conclusion: To make a beautiful buttock, improvement of body contour around the buttock as well as buttock augmentation and lifting is also important. Liposculpture and autologous fat grafting are very safe, useful and easy methods for improving buttock's contour.

• 복식
• /
• 제56권2호
• /
• pp.101-111
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this research is to define body shapes of Plus-sized women at ages between 21 and 69 whose satisfied the Plus-sized judgment criteria took part in this study. This research also classifies different body types, and provides basic data for designing prototypes according to each body type. Based on factor analysis of the measured data, nine key factors are grouped. And four different body types are classified based on the cluster analysis using factor marks. Type 1 refers to those who are tall and characterized by 'Y' body shape when looked from the front. Looking from the side, this type is comparatively balanced obese type which has flat breast and abdomen, and which has a jutting back and buttocks. Type 2 refers to those who are the shortest of all the obese with 'X' front. This type is Sway-back shape which has jutting back and abdomen but flat buttocks when looked from the side. Type 3 is characterized by 'H' body shape when looked from the front. This type is Pway-back shape which has flat back, abdomen and buttocks when looked from the side. The prominent breast part of this type is the most outstanding figure. Type 4 is characterized by 'X' when looked from the front. This type has a jutting waist and prominent buttocks when looked from the side.

• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.327-337
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study is for size suitability and fitness improvement for Korean 20's women. This study has classified hip types of 20's women by the 6th Korean Anthropometric Survey(Size Korean), then compared their lower body-type by hip types each other. The results are as follows. Factor analysis in sorting hip types can be explained 77.72% by nine factors. And cluster analysis can be divided into three types. Type 1 is referred to as a general type which has the largest size in the 'Hip circumference', but the buttocks's horizontal sizes are in the middle size besides the hip line. Type 2 is referred to as a protruding type in upper buttocks which is large in protruding volume of upper buttocks, but the buttock's horizontal sizes are small including 'Hip circumference', and buttock's horizontal section form close to circle. Type 3 is referred to as a type which is contrary to Type 2. Type 3 is small in protruding volume of upper buttocks, but large in lower buttocks, and the protrusions in whole buttocks are small, so the side view of Type 3 made gentle fit shape. By these results, the study could classify lower body of 20's women, and it can be basic data for new sizing systems and pattern development of bottoms.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제28권11호
• /
• pp.1426-1437
• /
• 2004

The study has an objective of providing the basic data for the bodice basic pattern that is highly appropriate after classifying the torso shapes of women in 60s. In order to classify the torso shape, 200 women in 60s that reside in Seoul were investigated for 52 tests. The factor analysis produced total of 6 factors. Factor 1 tended to be posture of upper part of torso and shape of shoulder. Factor 2 was an element of silhouette and Factor 3 was vertical size of lower part of torso and side silhouette. Factor 4 showed to be width and thickness of torso, Factor 5 was shape of neck, and Factor 6 appeared to be sagging of belly and buttocks. Therefore, it can be known that posture, silhouette, shape of neck and shoulder, sagging of belly and buttocks, and etc. are important factors for classification of the torso shape of women in 60s. Through a cluster analysis, each torso shape was classified into 4 types and each type showed information on size, shape, and posture clearly. Type 1 showed percentage of 24.2%, and values of height and weight showed to be average. Also, the body shape hardly had any curve with high shoulder at the Posture of upper body, and they had saggy stomach and buttocks. 43.5% of them were involved in Type 2 and they were short and overweighted. They were comparatively large in width compared to the height with no curves. Type 2 had the largest percentage and this can be said to be the special shape of women in 60s. People of Type 3 were short and overweighted just like Type 2 and all the sizes were similar to those of Type 2 or bigger. The posture is right posture and 21.7％ fall into this type and there is no body curve. This type is the shortest and most overweighted type, and it is a torso shape with right posture just like Type 4. Type 4 is a torso shape with tallest height and least weight. The percentage was the smallest(10.6％) and the width was smaller than any other type but the height was the tallest. The body curve is very clear and they have thin body but big buttocks so it can be said that the people of this type have the best silhouette. Type 2 that had the highest percentile is short and overweighted so it can be said that Type 2 is the representative torso shape of women in 60s.

• 복식
• /
• 제40권
• /
• pp.95-107
• /
• 1998

The purpose of this research paper is to offer basic data for cloth design which is intended to apply appropriate shape and catacity to cloth. Followings are the analyzed result of investigation which was conducted to figure out the character of middle aged from 35 to 59 years old-women body especially in lower half of their body. 177 women took part in this investigation. 1. As a result of analyzed characters for middle aged women body shape, taking a side view of body, there are great variance in thickness coefficient which indicates the size of body. 2. According to a comparison result of early middle aged women body shape with late middle aged women body shape, the value in height items get shorter otherwise the value in thickness items get longer getting older. It means late middle aged women are relatively fat. 3. For the analysis of women body especially in lower half, 8 factors were used. They are as followings. Factor 1. Side thickness of lower half. Factor 2. Width of lower half. Factor 3. Height of lower half Factor 4. Droop of underbelly Factor 5. Salient rate of buttocks. Factor 6. Length of buttocks. Factor 7. Salient rate of underbelly. Factor 8. Droop of buttocks 4. Lower half shapes of middle aged women were divided into three groups and the character of each group are as followings. 〈Group 1〉65.0% of women who took part in this investigation have this type of body shape. They have long value in height items and thickness items. 〈Group 2〉16.4% of women who take part in this investigation were belonged to this group. The value in height items were not so different from group 1 but the thickness value are shorter than group 1. Women of group 2 have slime body shape. 〈Group 3〉18.6% of women were belonged to group 3. They show the shortest value in height items otherwise the longest value in thickness items. Therefore they are the smallest and the fattest group in this investigation.

• 복식문화연구
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.6-17
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this research is to define low body shapes of Plus-sized women at ages between 21 and 69 whose satisfied the Plus-sized judgment criteria took part in this study. This research also classifies different body types, and provides basic data for designing skirt's and slacks' prototypes according to each body type. Based on factor analysis of the measured data, seven key factors are grouped. And four different body types are classified based on the cluster analysis using factor marks. Type 1 refers to those who are tall in stature and balanced. This body type is characterized by trapezoid body shape when looked from the front, and slim the abdomen, bulge the belly and flat the buttocks when looked from the side. Type 2 refers to short and an obese body shapes, with trapezoid front and bulge abdomen and belly and flat the buttocks. Type 3 refers to those who are of medium height and long-legged body shapes, with rectangular front, protruding belly and buttocks. Type 4 refers to obese body shapes, with rectangular front, protruding abdomen and belly, flat the buttocks. 9 items are available to judge Plus-sized women's low body types and the hit ratio is 93.5%.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.95-108
• /
• 2019

This study aims to determine the characteristics of new senior women's torso shapes. The data was collected from the 7th Size Korea, which analyzed 412 women between the ages of 55-69. A factor analysis was performed based on 20 indices, including eight based on circumference, eight based on height and length measurements, and four based on torso flattening. The results of the factor analysis suggest five main factors: torso silhouette, longitudinal size of the body, torso flattening rate, abdominal shape, and posterior longitudinal size. The results of the cluster analysis suggest three overall types: Type 1 is the inverted triangular obese shape which is characterized by large breasts, small buttocks, a short height, and a forward-bending posture; Type 2 is the rectangular, slim shape which is characterized by a forward neck and a flat front and back of the torso, and is the most slender among the three types; Type 3 is the large rectangular, overall obese shape, which is characterized by a round shape with large breasts, waist, and buttocks, and a forward-bending posture with a protruding back, and this is the most obese type. According to the results of the cross-tabulation, women aged 55-59 showed no trend in body shape; women aged 60-64 showed an increases in the inverted triangular obese shape and the large rectangular, overall obese shape; women aged 65-69 showed an increase in the large rectangular, overall obese shape and a decrease in the rectangular slim shape. In summary, new senior women showed body shape characteristics of being short, more obese having, a bent over posture. As they grew older, the curves disappeared, and the body becomes rounder. The study found that variation in body shape exists among new senior women in the aged society.

• 한국자연치유학회지
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.63-70
• /
• 2019

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 둔부근육의 협착, 틀어진 체형, 어깨 통증이 있는 기혈순환이 나쁜 대상자들을 상대로 기혈테라피의 효과를 탐색하는 것이었다. 방법: 기혈테라피와 교정 기혈운동을 사용 하였다. 결과: 기혈테라피를 시술하기 전에 둔부 근육이 거의 움직이지 않았지만, 시술한 후에는 근육의 탄력이 회복되었고 회색으로 경화되었든 피부의 색상도 밝아지었고 항문 괄약근에도 힘이 생기었다. 대상자의 체형이 우측으로 -7°가량 틀어지면서 우측 팔이 좌측팔에 비해서 약 6 cm정도 길었었으나, 체형교정 후에는 우측 팔의 길이가 약 5 cm 정도 줄어들었고, 틀어졌던 체형이 거의 평형을 이루었다. 목 및 어깨교정 후에는 쇄골과 목의 간격이 7 cm로 간격이 넓어졌고, 승모근을 풀어준 후에는 10 cm로 넓어졌으며, 어깨통증이 많이 완화 되었다. 골반교정 후 둔부통증이 완화되었고, 고관절의 위치가 바르게 돌아왔다. 좌측으로 45°각도 틀어졌던 우측다리가 바르게 교정이 되었으며, 4 cm 정도 길었던 우측 다리의 길이도 좌우가 같아졌다. 둔부통증 및 무릎통증도 완화되었다. 골반교정 기혈운동 후에 대상자 1의 고관절의 위치가 바로 잡히어 좌측으로 45°각도 틀어졌던 우측다리가 바르게 교정이 되었고, 4 cm 정도 길었던 우측 다리의 길이도 좌우가 거의 같아졌다. 대상자2는 교정 전에는 무릎이 붙지가 않았고, 오른쪽 무릎이 왼쪽에 비해서 위로 5 cm 정도 올라갔었으며, 발목이 좌측에 비해서 30° 각도로 굽어져 있었는데, 교정 후에는 두 다리의 무릎이 안정되게 붙일 수 있게 되었고, 무릎의 높이도 같아 졌으며, 발목꺾임이 각도도 정상으로 교정이 되었다. 결론: 꾸준하게 기혈테라피와 척추교정 및 골반교정 기혈운동을 한다면 틀어졌던 체형도 바르게 회복되고, 아픈 통증도 완화되어 관련 질환들을 예방 및 치유하는데 효과가 있다고 본다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
• /
• 제19권10호
• /
• pp.16-23
• /
• 2020

Vehicle seats provide a comfortable ride for passengers by properly absorbing vibrations and shocks transmitted during driving. Vibration analyses on three models with different shapes were carried with the same material properties and constraint conditions. By varying the height of the seat-back, models 1, 2, and 3 were designed according to the inclined angle of the seat-back frame. Models 1, 2, and 3 were modeled with relatively simple designs using CATIA. The areas touching the buttocks of passengers show the most deformation. This work shows that seat durability and stability can vary depending on the shape of the seat design.

• 복식문화연구
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.153-164
• /
• 2003

For this study, 148 female adults between the ages of 20 and 60 who satisfied the plus-size judgment criteria took part in this study. Criteria were Rohrer index is higher than 1.5, bust girth larger than 90cm, and RBW(relative body weight) index higher than 110. Using anthropometric measurement values, indirect measurement values, and index values, this study analyzed frequencies, Duncan multiple range, and ANOVA to obtain information on characteristics that determine a representative body shape, by age, 1'3r Plus-sized women. The results are as follows: Physical Characteristics of Pius-Sized Women by Their Age: Women in their 20s md 30s had broader shoulders with smaller waists, with large buttocks and thighs. Among women in their 50s and 60s, body fat level increased significantly in regions such as the chest and abdomen, which made their upper body heavier.