• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 1977

작물생육(作物生育)과 토양물리성(土壤物理性)과의 관계(關係)를 구명(究明)코져 우리나라의 대표적(代表的) 밭토양(土壤)인 상주(尙州) 사양토(砂壤土), 연곡(延谷) 양토(壤土), 화동(華東) 미사질(微砂質) 식양토(埴壤土)를 갖이고 수분함량(水分含量)과 가비중(假比重)을 달리하여 Core를 만들어서 토양(土壤)의 경도(硬度)와 완두뿌리의 신장속도(伸長速度)를 측정(測定)하였던 바 그 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 토양경도(土壤硬度)는 가비중(假比重)이 증가(增加)할수록 커지며, 수분함량(水分含量)이 많을수록 가비중(假比重) 증가(增加)에 따른 경도변화(硬度變化)는 적어진다. 2. 동일(同一)한 수분함량(水分含量)에서 뿌리의 신장(伸長)과 가비중(假比重)과는 고도(高度)의 상관(相關)을 보여 주었으며 그 기울기는 수분함량(水分含量)이 적을수록 컸다. 3. 완두뿌리의 신장(伸長)은 경도(硬度)(Yamanaka 경도계(硬度計) 및 침경도계(針硬度計))가 증가(增加)할수록 감소(減少)되었으며, 두 인자(因子)간에는 고도(高度)의 유의(有意)한 상관(相關)이 있었다. 4. 완두생육에 있어서 최저(最低) 뿌리 신장속도(伸長速度)를 0.3mm/hr(최대신장속도(最大伸長速度)의 약(約) ${\frac{1}{4}}$에 해당(該當))라고 보면 금속침(金屬針)에 의한 토양경도(土壤硬度) $21kg/cm^2$, Yamanaka경도(硬度) 24mm이 완두재배(栽培)에 있어 한계경도(限界硬度)라고 볼 수 있다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권9호
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• pp.1426-1432
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• 2013

본 연구는 제과분야에서의 쌀가루의 이용도를 높이기 위하여 쌀가루를 이용하여 쿠키를 제조하였으며, 볶은콩가루를 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 및 20% 대체하여 제조한 반죽 및 쌀쿠키의 품질특성을 측정하였다. 볶은콩가루의 수분함량은 습식쌀 가루보다 낮기 때문에 쌀가루와 혼합할 때 반죽과 쿠키의 수분함량을 감소시켰다. 반죽과 쌀쿠키의 색도는 L값은 감소하였고, a값과 b값은 반죽과 쿠키의 윗면 모두에서 유의적으로 증가하였다. 반죽과 쌀쿠키의 밀도는 볶은콩가루를 첨가하면 밀도가 낮아지는 경향을 보였으며, 쿠키의 밀도는 반죽에 비해 31.373~41.026% 감소하였다. 반죽과 쿠키의 경도는 볶은콩가루의 첨가량이 증가할수록 유의적으로 증가하였다. 쌀쿠키의 퍼짐성도 볶은콩가루에 의해 낮은 값을 보였고, 쌀반죽의 수분함량은 대체로 감소하였다. 9% 첨가군은 전반적인 기호도와 목넘김의 부드러움 항목에서, 12% 첨가군은 삼킨 후 입자의 남음에 대한 높은 선호도를 보였다. 쌀쿠키의 밀도변화(${\Delta}bulk$ density)와 경도변화(${\Delta}hardness$)의 관계에서 볶은콩가루첨가에 따라 밀도차를 감소시키는 반면 경도차는 증가시키는 방향으로 나타나 조직이 바삭거리는 방향으로 변화하였다. 본 연구결과를 통해 쌀쿠키 제조 시 볶은콩가루의 이용으로 바삭거리는 쿠키의 물성을 조절할 수 있는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.312-320
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• 1994

Effect of the laser shot number on the particulates density of the pulsed laser deposited YBa2Cu3O7-x thin films and the laser irradiated surface morphology of the YBa2Cu3O7-x bulk target have been investigated. Until 100 laser shots of cumulative irradiation, the films has the particulates density of ~103 mm-2. However, after 100 laser shots, the density was increased more than 10 times. This results has been explained by the change of particulate ejection path with the development of conical structure at the target surface.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2005

This study investigated the electrochemical recovery of palladium in a HCl solution that is used for palladium leaching. The high acidity of HCl solution and the low concentration of Pd ions increased the cathodic overpotential and reduced the limiting current density. Lowering the current density produced dense deposits; however, they were under high tensile stress. Raising the temperature affected both the densification and the stress, which enabled the attainment of dense Pd deposits under low stress. Lowering the current density and raising the temperature up to 70$^{\circ}C$ was recommended for the recovery of palladium as sound bulk Pd deposits. Current efficiency was over 85% at the initial stage of recovery may decrease the current efficiency, since a low Pd ion concentration results in a low limiting current density.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.17
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• pp.349-352
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• 2004

The improvement of critical temperature $(T_c)$, critical magnetic field $(H_c)$, and critical current density $(J_c)$ of superconductor is important for practical applications. In this study, the additives such as metal oxides were used to improve the preparation conditions of $YBa_2Cu_3O_x$ superconducting bulk samples and depending on additives the properties of $YBa_2Cu_3O_x$ superconductor were studied. The effects of additives to the density, grain alignment, and porosity of samples that affect the critical current density of superconductor also have been investigated.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2023년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.45-46
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• 2023

CLC is used as a filling material for many buildings, and according to energy saving design standards, CLC also requires insulation performance. However, it shows lower insulation performance compared to organic insulation, so additional research is needed. Therefore, in this study, the insulation properties of CLC were analyzed by incorporating EPS beads with high insulation performance into CLC. In this experiment, EPS beads and blast furnace slag were replaced, and W/B was fixed at 33%. The EPS Bead mixing ratio was divided into 5 levels: 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 (%), and the experimental items were measured for apparent density and thermal conductivity. As a result of the experiment, the apparent density and thermal conductivity tended to decrease as the mixing ratio of EPS beads increased. It is judged that the density decreased due to the low density and the micropores inside, and the thermal conductivity also decreased.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.23-29
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• 2009

A sand-cone method is commonly used to determine the density of the compacted soils. This method uses a calibration container to determine the bulk-density of the sand for use in the test. The density of the test or compacted soil is computed on the assumption that the calibration container has approximately the same size or volume and allows the sand to fall approximately the same height as a test hole in the field. However, in most cases the size or shape of test hole is not exactly the same as the calibration container. There is certain discrepancy between sand particle settlement or arrangement in the laboratory calibration and in the field testing, which may cause an erroneous determination of in-situ density. The sand filling process is simulated in the laboratory and its effect on the determination of density is investigated. Artificially-made holes with different heights and bottom shapes are prepared to simulate various shapes of the test hole in the field. The sands with different gradations are used in the testing to examine how sand grain size influences the determination of density in the field.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회B
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• pp.2061-2066
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• 2007

Recently, ultra-lightweight materials with open, periodic cell structures take much attention owing to its potential for multi-functionality such as load bearing, thermal dissipation, and actuation. This paper presents experimental results on the hydraulic and heat transfer characteristics for the Wire-woven Bulk Kagome(WBK) composed of aluminum 1100 wires. The overall pressure drop and heat transfer of the WBK specimen have been experimentally investigated under forced air convection condition. The pressure loss and heat transfer performance of the aluminum WBK are compared with other heat dissipation media. It was shown that heat transfer depended on relative density and surface area density. Comparison with metal foams and other heat dissipation media such as packed beds, lattice frame materials, louvered fins, and other materials suggests that the aluminum WBK competes favorably with the best available heat dissipation media in heat transfer performance.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.298-304
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• 2010

In order to calculate the aerosol bulk densities of $PM_{1.0}$ and $PM_{10}$, aerosol mass and number concentrations were measured for the period of December 2008~April 2009. $PM_{1.0}$ and $PM_{10}$ mass concentrations were measured using a cascade impactor (Micro-Orifice Uniform Deposit Impactor, MOUDI) while their volume concentrations were calculated based on number concentrations from an environmental dust monitor (EDM). Normal aerosol size distribution fitting functions were retrieved for number size distribution since aerosols < $2.5{\mu}m$ were measured from the EDM. Strong correlation was found between $PM_{1.0}$ mass and volume concentrations obtained with a $R^2$ of 0.95. The calculated average bulk densities of $PM_{1.0}$ and $PM_{10}$ were $1.97{\pm}0.33g/cm^3$ and $2.15{\pm}0.18g/cm^3$, respectively.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2008

Recently, ultra-lightweight materials with open, periodic cell structures take much attention owing to its potential for multi-functionality such as load bearing, thermal dissipation, and actuation. This paper presents experimental results on the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics for the Wire-woven Bulk Kagome (WBK) composed of aluminum 1100 wires. The overall pressure drop and heat transfer of the WBK specimen was experimentally investigated under forced air convection condition. The pressure loss and heat transfer performance of the aluminum WBK were compared with other heat dissipation media. It was shown that heat transfer characteristics depended on relative density and surface area density. Comparison with metal foams and other heat dissipation media such as packed beds, lattice frame materials, louvered fins, and others suggests that the aluminum WBK competes favorably with the best available heat dissipation media in heat transfer performance.