• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.407-415
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• 1996

This paper introduces two schemes to improve the frame buffer access bandwidth. The first scheme suggests a rasterizer called SBUFRE that has Span Z Buffer and Span Z＆ Color Buffer within a rasterizer. The second scheme suggests a ZDRAM that has Z-value comparator within the DRAM. These schemes are to convert read- modify-write Z buffer compare into single write only operation that improves approximately 50% frame buffer access bandwidth.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.297-304
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• 2003

A multimedia SoC often requires a large internal buffer, because it must store the whole search window to reduce the huge I/O bandwidth of motion estimation. However, the silicon area of the internal buffer increases tremendously as the search range becomes larger. This paper proposes a new method that greatly reduces the internal buffer size of a multimedia SoC while the computational cost, I/O bandwidth, and image quality do not change. In the proposed method, only the overlapped parts of search windows for consecutive macroblocks are stored in the internal buffer. The proposed method reduces the internal buffer. The proposed method reduces the internal buffer size to 1/5.0 and 1/8.8 when the search range is ${\pm}64{\times}{\pm}$64 and ${\pm}128{\times}{\pm}$128, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2001.03a
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• pp.585-590
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• 2001

Physicochemical phenomena in soils are dependent upon pH when using electrokinetic extraction for the contaminants removal especially for heavy metals. pH variation in soils is affected on H$\^$+/ and OH￣ ions produced by electrolysis reaction and buffer capacity of soil. High amount of heavy metals are retained in the soils if the soil buffer capacity remains high enough to resist a change in pH. Therefore, accurate pH estimation of soil is important in the application of electrokinetic mechanism for decontamination and understanding of subsurface physicochemical characteristics is also required as well as considering buffer capacity for the enhanced methods application. For these, buffer capacity and pH distribution were measured for the four soils, and also compared with modeling results. The results of buffer modeling were good agreement with experimental data. It is showed that four soils were effected by buffer capacity

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2003.10c
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• pp.106-108
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• 2003

기존 TCP 기술은 높은 대역폭(High­Bandwidth) 및 큰 전송지연(High Delay)을 가진 통신에는 적합하지 못하다. TCP 기술의 성능향상을 위한 방법으로 TCP 제어 알고리즘을 수정하는 방법과 TCP Tuning 방법이 있다. 본 논문에서는 TCP Buffer Tuning 기술에 초점을 맞춰 통신망 상황에 따른 응용프로그램별로 자동화된 Buffer Tuning 기법을 제공하는 기술을 제안한다. ATBT(Automatic TCP Buffer Tuning) 에서는 송신측의 Buffer 크기를 조절하여 성능향상을 나타냈고, DRS(Dynamic Right Sizing)에서는 수신측의 Buffer 크기를 조절하여 성능향상을 도모하였다. 본 논문에서는 ATBT와 DRS의 장점을 접목하여 구현함으로써 보다 나은 성능향상을 나타내고 각 송.수신측의 모든 연결에 대해서는 Buffer를 공평하게 할당하여 메모리 사용의 효율을 높이고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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• v.31B no.8
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• pp.109-118
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• 1994

We proposed new field/frame mode selection quantization and buffer control strategy for interlaced digital HDTV image coding system. The field/frame mode selection is performed based on the mean square error and number of generated bits for each superblock. The quantization factor for each superblock is determined by the characteristics of human visual system and buffer status. The statistical characteristics of the number of generated bits for basis block and the prediction of buffer status are used for buffer control. Simulation results show that the proposed field/frame mode selection and rate buffer control. Simulation results show that the proposed field/frame mode selection and rate buffer control strategy have good subjective image quality and have stable buffer status.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.394-399
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• 1987

It is necessary for the speech samples to be stored in memory buffer before speech analyzers without a real time processor process them. In this paper, we propose an algorithm that uses the buffer efficiently, when the analog speech signal is converted to the digital samples by the analog to digital converter. In order to implement this method in real time, the buffer is divided into the starting buffer and the remaining buffer. Until a voiced speech is found, the converted samples are sequentially stored in the starting buffer, and then the buffer is shifted. When a voiced speech is found, the next samples are sequentally recorded in the remaining buffer.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.5149-5167
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• 2017

Reducing energy consumption in a wireless video sensor network (WVSN) is a crucial problem because of the high video data volume and severe energy constraints of battery-powered WVSN nodes. In this paper, we present an adaptive dynamic resizing approach for a SRAM communication buffer in a WVSN node in order to reduce the energy consumption and thereby, to maximize the lifetime of the WVSN nodes. To reduce the power consumption of the communication part, which is typically the most energy-consuming component in the WVSN nodes, the radio needs to remain turned off during the data buffer-filling period as well as idle period. As the radio ON/OFF transition incurs extra energy consumption, we need to reduce the ON/OFF transition frequency, which requires a large-sized buffer. However, a large-sized SRAM buffer results in more energy consumption because SRAM power consumption is proportional to the memory size. We can dynamically adjust any active buffer memory size by utilizing a power-gating technique to reflect the optimal control on the buffer size. This paper aims at finding the optimal buffer size, based on the trade-off between the respective energy consumption ratios of the communication buffer and the radio part, respectively. We derive a formula showing the relationship between control variables, including active buffer size and total energy consumption, to mathematically determine the optimal buffer size for any given conditions to minimize total energy consumption. Simulation results show that the overall energy reduction, using our approach, is up to 40.48% (26.96% on average) compared to the conventional wireless communication scheme. In addition, the lifetime of the WVSN node has been extended by 22.17% on average, compared to the existing approaches.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.533-537
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• 2001

${\alpha}$-lactalbumin and ${\beta}$-lactoglobulin in whey proteins were separated by high performance membrane chromatography (HPMC). The separation mechanism involved anion-exchange, and the stationary phase was anion CIM (Convective Interaction Media) DEAE, QA disk and cation exchanger SO$_3$(16${\times}$3 mm). Two types of mobile phase were used, buffer A (20 mM Tris-HCI, pH 7.3) and buffer B(buffer A + 1 M NaCl), As the amount of NaCl dissolved in buffer linearly increased, which enabled a gradient elution mode. The optimum mobile phase and operating condition (Buffer A/Buffer B = 100/0 - 30/70 vol%, gradient time 1 min, 30/70 - 10/90 vol.%, gradient time 2 min) were experimentally determined. In this experimental condition, ${\alpha}$-lacta1bumin, ${\beta}$-lactoglobulin were separated within 5 min at a mobile phase flow rate of 4 mL/min.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.36-41
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• 2000

We studied the exchange anisotropy of Ni-Fe/Co-Fe/Mn-Ir/Cu/buffer/Si multilayers using D.C magnetron sputtering technique. Generally, Ni-Fe/Mn-Ir/buffer(Cu)/Si multilayers cannot pin the ferromagnetic layer for the lower exchange biased field. We got $H_{ex}$ ex/ increased by two times, after using Cu/Ta as buffer layer to get larger grain size of Mn-Ir layer and inserting very thin Co-Fe layer between the Ni-Fe layer and the Mn-Ir layer to get improved grain-to-grain epitaxy relation at the interface between Ni-Fe layer and Mn-Ir layer. The variation of $H_{ex}$ by thickness of Mn-Ir layer in ferromagnete/Mn-Ir/buffer/Si multilayers is different to that in Mn-Ir/ferromagnete/buffer/Si multilayers, because the volume distribution of grain size of Mn-Ir layer and the exchange energy at the interface between the Mn-Ir and the ferromagnetic layers is different for stacking sequence.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.41-50
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• 2019

This study was started to study the buffer zone of Daejeon metropolitan city in order to study the policy and environment for the suitability evaluation of the use of green buffer zone. The target of the study was selected as the buffer zone of western buffer, which is frequently used in the Daejeon Metropolitan City, and a preliminary index was selected to evaluate the suitability of the green buffer zone. AHP analysis was conducted to increase the reliability of the preliminary indicators and the weight was analyzed by questionnaires to experts and practitioners. In addition, based on the existing statistical data, we rebuilt the green buffer zone and investigated the current condition, and compared and analyzed the green buffer zone and the places where they did not. The results are as follow. First, unlike the statute interpretation that construction can not be done in buffered green spaces, green buffer zones have been utilized in various ways. However, the lack of advanced citizen consciousness of the residents, the responsibility of the responsible person, and the problem of the management office alone are causing problems. Second, according to the results of AHP questionnaire analysis, functional and stability among the appropriateness indexes of green buffer zone utilization were evaluated highly. Park accessibility and utilization potential also weighed somewhat, and it was judged that the epochal trend was more important in the use of green buffer zones. Third, analysis of the status of Western green buffer zones in Daejeon showed that the utilization rate was more than half. This suggests the necessity of judging the appropriateness of the application of the green buffer zone effectively due to the change of the perception of the green buffer zone of the residents. Fourth, as a result of comparing and analyzing the site where the site is used and the site where it is not, it is found that it is used within a range that does not greatly affect each index. However, as the stability has decreased, we have decided that the utilization method is most damaging to the green zone, and we should strive to improve the stability in future. Finally, the analysis of a red clay road and a red clay road sites decreased from Class I of stability to Grade II. However, the fall figure showed a difference between the 13 % drop rate of the target location and the 5% decline rate of utilization. The difference was analyzed as the difference of width of a red clay road. This can be regarded as one of the ways of damaging the green zone to the minimum extent, which is a great advantage in selecting the future utilization plan.