• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.1640-1651
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 브러시 스트로크 프로파일을 이용한 새로운 스트로크 기반 표현기법을 소개한다. 우리가 제안하는 알고리즘은 이미지 검색기법에 기반하고 있으며 단순하지만 다양한 페인팅 스타일을 생성할 수 있는 유연성과 확장성이 있는 알고리즘 이다. 이를 위해 우리는 실제 스트로크 데이터를 수집하여 구축한 확장 가능한 데이터베이스를 사용한다. 그리고 인력영상을 데이터베이스에 있는 스트로크의 조합으로 재생산 한다. 이때 적합한 스트로크를 결정하는 검색 프로세스와 검색된 스트로크를 캔버스에 그릴지 말지를 판단하는 판단 프로세스를 알고리즘에 포함시킨다. 또한 우리는 물리적인 시뮬레이션 없이 사용할 수 있는 시각적 효과가 좋은 효율적인 브러시 스트로크 모델 및 표현기술을 제안한다. 제안된 알고리즘은 다양한 사용자 파라미터를 제어함으로써 다양한 회화적 작품의 변이를 만들어 낼 수 있고 스트로크 데이터베이스의 구성을 변경함으로써 다양한 회화적 매체의 스타일을 갖는 결과물을 생산할 수 있는 확장성 있는 프레임워크를 제공한다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.887-894
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the oral health education and oral health care in the implant wearers. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was conducted by 253 patients in 14 different dental hospitals and clinics in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do from July 1 to September 30, 2012. The instrument was adapted from Kang and Lee, Yu and Shim, and Ko and Jang on the basis of the previous study. The questionnaire consisted of 12 questions including general characteristics of the subjects(4 questions), oral health education(3 questions), behavior and attitude of tooth brushing(3 questions), and use of auxiliary supplies(2 questions). Results: 1. 38.3% of the patients received the dental care education for the first time. The most common education method was demonstration by dental hygienists(28.9%). 26.2% of the patients wanted to know the right toothbrushing method. 2. The best toothbrushing methods were rolling method(28.9%) and Leonard's method(28.9%). 19.4% of the patients changed the toothbrushing method after education. 22.5 percent brushed their natural teeth and implant teeth by a different maneuver. 3. The interdental brush was the most commonly used product(35.8%) and most of the patients the interdental brush once a day(36.6%). 4. There was a significant difference between the frequency of toothbrushing and method(p<0.05). 5. There was a significant difference between the separate brushing of implant and natural teeth by the frequency of toothbrushing and method of education(p<0.05). 6. Use of interdental brush had an influenced on education method(p<0.05). Conclusions: Regular dental checkup and use of interdental brush can improve the oral care for the implant wearers. Regular use of interdental brush can prolong the life span of implant tooth and keep the patients' teeth in good condition.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2002

This paper presents a brush stroke direction creation method to distill painterly expressions from picture images. In actual paintings, each brush stroke has the same directionality in one segmented area. but directionality changes in the area of image border edges. This study employed the following methods to implement the directionality of the brush stroke area by: (1) detecting edge in input images, (2) region splitting and merging based on quad-tree division method, and (3) composing a direction map to create brush strokes with the same directionality in the segmented area. The results of the implementation enabled the simulation of the directionality of the stroke area shown in actual paintings.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제9권8호
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• pp.1045-1053
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 MHN(Maximum Homogeneity Neighbor) 필터링을 이용한 회화적 렌더링의 브러시 스트로크생성 알고리즘을 제안한다. 기존의 입력 영상의 기울기(gradient)를 브러시 스트로크의 생성에 이용하는 연구와 달리 영상을 구성하는 픽셀의 동질성(homogeneity)에 기반을 두어 스트로크를 생성하였다. 이를 위해 입력 영상에 MHN 필터를 적용하여 하나의 브러시 스트로크로 그려질 수 있는 동질성 영역을 추출하고 추출된 영역으로부터 최소자승법으로 브러시 스트로크의 중심축을 계산한 후, 팽창함수를 정의하여 브러시 스트로크를 생성하였다. 이 방법은 기존의 경사도 기반 스트로크 생성 방법을 복잡한 입력영상에 적용했을 때 발생하는 문제점인 스트로크 방향의 비일관성을 해결할 수 있다. 또한 두께가 일정하지 않은 브러시 스트로크를 표현할 수 있어 결과 영상의 회화적 느낌을 높일 수 있다.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.118-124
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare three surgical scrub methods-4% chlorhexidine gluconate(CHG) with brush, 4% CHG without brush, and waterless scrub using 1% CHG and 61% ethanol combination(alcohol-based agent)-for antimicrobial efficacy. Method: "Glove-juice technique" was used to evaluate microbial hand counts before surgical scrubs, 1 min and 3 hr after surgical scrubs. Result: Waterless scrub using CHG and ethanol combination resulted in a 4.8-log reduction at 1 min and 4.0-log reduction at 3 hr. CHG without brush resulted in a 4.7-log reduction at 1 min and 3.3-log reduction at 3 hr. The traditional scrub using CHG with brush resulted in a 3.6-log reduction at 1 min and 0.8-log reduction at 3 hr. The waterless scrub and CHG without brush showed significantly higher log reduction(p<.05) than CHG with brush at 1 min and 3 hr after surgical scrub. Waterless scrub showed greater log reductions than CHG without brush, but there was no statistical difference between the two groups. Conclusion: Waterless scrub using alcohol-based agent showed more persistent and immediate antimicrobial efficacy than either CHG with brush or CHG without brush.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.58-63
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• 2010

A new contact force estimation technique is proposed. Keeping the contact force at a certain level between finishing tool and the object is essential since the quality of the finished surface is very sensitive to the contact force during the finishing process. However, the contact force measurement cannot be obtained by simply installing load cells under machine table or in the middle of tool linkage. The reason is that the weight of the machine table and the tool linkage are much heavier than the force to be measured. To that end, a method for estimating disturbance is proposed for a system that is similar to the mechanism of the finishing machine, and the same method is applied to estimate the contact force of the brush-type finishing machine. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, a small scale test set-up has been built and the method has been tested.

• 분석과학
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.196-209
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• 2019

As a traditional method to apply fingerprint powder, brush method ("dusting") can create a risk to the health of crime scene investigators due to the inhalation toxicity of harmful and fine powders. Therefore, as a new method of applying powders, we tried to evaluate the potential of a chamber method for the development of latent fingerprint using fans in a closed chamber with a fixed capacity that can prevent the powders from being blown outside and exposed to the users, by comparing with the development results of the conventional brush method. Fingerprints on glass and plastic (PET) were extracted with black powder and green fluorescent powder, and the sharpness and minutiae of the developed fingerprints were compared for each method. The results of the black powder showed similar results, but the effect of the chamber method was slightly decreased when the green fluorescent powder was used. In order to improve the development with the green fluorescent powder, the mixture (50 : 50) of the fluorescent powder with the silica gel was tested and the results were similar to those of the brush method. It is expected that the chamber method has a high potential as a new powder application method considering the health of the crime scene investigator after fine tuning of development conditions with additional studies.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.164-173
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• 2005

회화적 렌더링은 색상, 방향, 크기 그리고 모양 등 브러시 스트로크의 특징을 결정하는 파라미터들에 의해서 다양한 결과를 만들어 낼 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 참조 데이터를 이용하여 소스 영상에 가장 적합한 브러시 스트로크 생성에 관한 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 색상은 실제로 화가들이 사용한 팔레트 색상을 생성하여 이용하였다. 팔레트를 생성하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 특정화가(특히, 고흐)의 작품에서 주로 사용된 색상을 참조하였으며 소스 영상에서 사용된 색상과 생성된 팔레트 색상을 비교하여 가장 비슷한 색상으로 색상을 변환하여 브러시 스트로크의 색상을 결정하였다. 방향은 반 고흐 스타일 같은 동적인 방향성을 가지는 브러시스트로크를 표현하기 위해 소스 영상의 에지방향을 참조 데이터로 사용하여 에지 주변의 브러시 스트로크의 방향을 보간하는 방법을 적용하였다. 크기는 그리고자 하는 대상의 크기에 따라 각 레이어 별로 폭이 큰 브러시에서 작은 브러시 순으로 결정하였다. 마지막으로, 모양은 소용돌이치는 듯한 반 고흐 스타일을 표현하기 위해 스플라인 곡선을 적용하였다. 이런 방법으로 만들어진 브러시 스트로크는 영영 분할된 각 레이어별로 적용하였으며 렌더링 후에 각 레이어를 합성하였다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제49권12호
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• pp.655-661
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• 2016

Polymer brush is a soft material unit tethered covalently on the surface of scaffolds. It can induce functional and structural modification of a substrate's properties. Such surface coating approach has attracted special attentions in the fields of stem cell biology, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine due to facile fabrication, usability of various polymers, extracellular matrix (ECM)-like structural features, and in vivo stability. Here, we summarized polymer brush-based grafting approaches comparing self-assembled monolayer (SAM)-based coating method, in addition to physico-chemical characterization techniques for surfaces such as wettability, stiffness/elasticity, roughness, and chemical composition that can affect cell adhesion, differentiation, and proliferation. We also reviewed recent advancements in cell biological applications of polymer brushes by focusing on stem cell differentiation and 3D supports/implants for tissue formation. Understanding cell behaviors on polymer brushes in the scale of nanometer length can contribute to systematic understandings of cellular responses at the interface of polymers and scaffolds and their simultaneous effects on cell behaviors for promising platform designs.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.193-200
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• 2018

Purpose: In this study, the life of the motor is investigated by performing the accelerated life test with the brush wear of the industrial cleaner motor as the main failure mode. Methods: The accelerating stress factor of the accelerated life test is a voltage, which can increase the number of revolutions of the motor to accelerate the brush wear due to the friction between the brush and the commutator. Also, the accelerating stress level was determined after determining the maximum allowable level of the voltage through the preliminary test. Results: The motor failure time at each accelerating stress level was predicted by regression analysis with brush wear length as performance degradation data. The main failure mode, which is brush wear, of the motor was reproduced by this test. The shape parameter of the Weibull distribution was confirmed to be the same statistically at all accelerating stress levels by the likelihood ratio test. Conclusion: The life of the motor was investigated by performing the accelerated life test with the brush wear of the industrial cleaner motor as the main failure mode. Through the accelerating test method of the cleaner motor, various life expectancy and life expectancy of the acceleration factor are predicted.