• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2002년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.127-130
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• 2002

The 2.5 vol% TiNi/6061Al composites were fabricated by permanent mold casting, and its microstructures and tensile test for the cold rolled composites with maximum 50% reduction ratio were investigated. In the case of TiNi fiber with 2mm interval in preform, the interface bonding of fabricated composites were good. EPMA analysis results were found the small amount of Mg, Si segregated interface of diffusion layer. Transverse section of TiNi fiber was decreased with increasing reduction ratio and 40% reduction ratio was observed microcrack from TiNi fiber. And the tensile strength of composites at 38% reduction ratio was 194MPa. In the case of over 38% reduction ratio, the decrease of the tensile strength was due to TiNi fiber rupture by excess working. The fracture mode was appeared brittle fracture with increasing reduction ratio

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2005년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.308-315
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• 2005

The capacity protection is normally related with slenderness effect of the columns, force transfer in connections between columns and adjacent elements, and shear design of columns. It is intends to prevent brittle failure of the structural components of bridges, so that the whole bridge system may show ductile behavior and failure during earthquake events. For bridge systems, this means it is necessary to assess the overstrength capacity of columns prior to proceeding with the design of foundation and superstructure. The objective of this paper is to develop a capacity design approach that applies an overstrength factor for determination of possible maximum shear force in the plastic hinge zone of reinforced concrete bridge columns. In order to estimate and determine overstrength factor, material strength was developed to investigate for actual material strength total 3,407 steel and 5,405 concrete by domestic product. Based on actual material strength, this paper was conducted on moment overstrength factors using moment-curvature analysis program. And also design recommendations for capacity design are presented to revise the annual report, KEERC 2002.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.779-784
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• 2013

Increased efficiency and improved performance associated with light-weight materials were investigated in this study. Numerous studies have investigated surface treatments to improve the fatigue strength of metals. Laser heat treatment is a promising method because the power and spot size can be easily controlled, allowing a small heat affected zone (HAZ). However, changes in the material properties can result; in particular, the material can become more brittle. In this study, a combination of laser heat treatment and vibration peening was proposed to increase fatigue strength without changing the material characteristics. SCM440H was investigated experimentally, and specimens were tested using a giga-cycle ultrasonic fatigue tester. The results show that the combination of these two processes significantly increased the fatigue strength and, furthermore, different fracture types were observed after a small and large number of cycles.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.215-231
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• 2011

As a brittle and heterogeneous material, concrete behaves differently under different stress conditions and its bulk strength is loading rate dependent. To a large extent, the varying behavioural properties of concrete can be explained by the mechanical failure processes at a mesoscopic level. The development of a computational mesoscale model in a general finite element environment, as presented in the preceding companion paper (Part 1), makes it possible to investigate into the underlying mechanisms governing the bulk-scale behaviour of concrete under a variety of loading conditions and to characterise the variation in quantitative terms. In this paper, we first present a series of parametric studies on the behaviour of concrete material under quasi-static compression and tension conditions. The loading-face friction effect, the possible influences of the non-homogeneity within the mortar and ITZ phases, and the effect of randomness of coarse aggregates are examined. The mesoscale model is then applied to analyze the dynamic behaviour of concrete under high rate loading conditions. The potential contribution of the mesoscopic heterogeneity towards the generally recognized rate enhancement of the material compressive strength is discussed.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.681-684
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• 2005

The old technique of sandblasting which has been used for paint or scale removing, deburring, and glass decorating has recently been developed into a powder blasting technique for brittle materials, capable of producing micro structures larger than 100um. A large number of Investigations on the abrasive jet machining with output parameters as material removal rate, penetrate and surface finish have been carried out and reported by various authors. In this paper, we investigated the effect of surface characteristics and surface shape of the abrasive jet machined glass surface under different blasting parameter. and finally we established a model for abrasive flow machining process, and compared with experimental results.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.225-234
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• 2010

Salt bath nitriding, which has been developed recently by domestic company, is an emerging ecofriendly surface treatment. The salt bath nitriding is accompanied by the electrolysis process in the pretreatment step, and this whole processis called Pseudo-Electrolysised Salt bath Nitriding (PESN). The PESN creates only $NH_3$ and non-toxic salts without harmful $CN^{-}$ or toxic gas such as that found in previous salt bath nitriding. In general, ion nitriding and gas nitriding create high hardness and a strong brittle white layer on the surface. However, the PESN shows a thin white and gray layer. The PESN was applied to the defense material, 3%Cr-Mo-V steel, to study the surface characteristics at $480^{\circ}C$, $530^{\circ}C$, and $580^{\circ}C$ for 4 hrs, 20 hrs, 40 hrs, and 60 hrs of nitriding time condition. As a result, the best nitriding layer was found at $530^{\circ}C$ for 40 hrs. If we improve corrosion resistance and nitriding layer depth, the PESN will be able to be applied to the defense industry parts.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2023

In this study, a diamond turning machine and a laser-assisted machining module were utilized for the complex combined cutting of aspheric shapes and fine patterns on the surface of high-hardness brittle material, silicon. The analysis of material's form accuracy and corrective machining was conducted based on key factors such as laser output, rotational speed, feed rate, and cutting depth to achieve form accuracy below 1 ㎛ and surface roughness below 0.1 ㎛. The cutting condition and corrective machining methods were investigated to achieve the desired form accuracy and surface roughness. The rotational speed of the spindle and the linear feed rate of the diamond turning machine were varied in five stages for the cutting condition test. Surface roughness and form accuracy were measured using both a contact surface profilometer and a non-contact surface profilometer. The experimental results revealed a tendency of improved surface roughness with increased rotational speed of the workpiece, and the best surface roughness and form accuracy were observed at a feed rate of 5 mm/min. Furthermore, based on the cutting condition experiments, corrective machining was performed. The experimental results demonstrated an improvement in form accuracy from 0.94 ㎛ to 0.31 ㎛ and a significant reduction in the average value of the surface roughness curve from 0.234 ㎛ to 0.061 ㎛. This research serves as a foundation for future studies focusing on the machinability in relation to laser output parameters.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.163-173
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• 2024

Fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) have a proven strength enhancement capability when installed into Reinforced Concrete (RC) beams. The brittle failure of traditional FRP strengthening systems has attracted researchers to develop novel materials with improved strength and ductility properties. One such material is that known as polyethylene terephthalate (PET). This study presents a numerical investigation of the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams externally strengthened with PET-FRP systems. This material is distinguished by its large rupture strain, leading to an improvement in the ductility of the strengthened structural members compared to conventional FRPs. A three-dimensional (3-D) finite element (FE) model is developed in this study to predict the load-deflection response of a series of experimentally tested beams published in the literature. The numerical model incorporates constitutive material laws and bond-slip behavior between concrete and the strengthening system. Moreover, the validated model was applied in a parametric study to inspect the effect of concrete compressive strength, PET-FRP sheet length, and reinforcing steel bar diameter on the overall performance of concrete beams externally strengthened with PET-FRP.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.327-351
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• 2009

본 논문은 대심도 또는 과지압 암반에서 2차지압으로 인해 발생되는 취성파괴와 관련한 실내실험을 수행하고, 취성파괴 현상을 잘 예측할 수 있는 CWFS(Cohesion Weakening Frictional Strengthening)모델을 이용한 수치해석을 수행하였다. 암석의 거동을 분석하고 손상의 함수인 암석강도정수를 도출하기 위하여 일축압축강도실험과 손상제어실힘을 수행하였다. 일축압축강도실험결과 균열개시응력은 화강암, 편마암 구분 없이 일축압축강도의 41~42% 정도로 분석되었으며, 반면 균열손상응력은 화강암은 일축압축강도의 75%, 편마암은 일축압축강도의 97%의 값으로 분석되었다. 손상제어실험결과 균열손상응력과 최대하중은 Peak하중 이후 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 점착력은 감소하고 마찰각은 증가하는 양상을 보였다. Peak하중 이전에는 탄성계수가 증가하고 Peak하중 이후에는 감소하였다. 그리고 포아송비는 손상이 진행될수록 증가하는 양상을 보였다. 일축압축강도실험과 손상제어실험의 균열개시응력과 균열손상응력의 비교분석결과 손상제어실험의 균열개시응력은 일축압축강도실험에서 얻어진 균열개시응력의 범위에서 변화하는 양상을 보였고, 균열손상응력은 일정 손상수준에서 일축압축강도실험에서 얻어진 값보다 작은 값으로 나타났다. 실내실험결과로부터 CWFS모델의 입력 파라미터를 도출하여 수치해석에 적용하여 취성파괴 발생 한계토피고를 구했다. CWFS모델을 이용한 수치해석으로부터 예측된 한계토피고와 손상지수로부터 예측된 한계토피고를 비교한 결과, 취성파괴 발생 한계토피고를 정확히 예측하지 못하는 결과를 나타냈다. 따라서 원형터널에만 적용기한 손상지수를 사용하는 것은 문제가 있다고 판단된다. 이를 개선하기 위해 터널의 형상을 고려한 형상계수를 손상지수에 적용하였다. 터널의 형상을 고려한 수정된 손상지수로부터 예측된 한계토피고는 수치해석결과와 거의 동일한 결과를 보였다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표회논문집(I)
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• pp.11-30
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• 2000

Structural properties of reinforced concrete, such as bond and shear strength, that depend on the tensile properties of concrete are much lower for high-strength concrete than would be expected based on relationships developed for normal-strength concretes. To determine the reason for this behavior, studies at the University of Kansas have addressed the effects of aggregate type, water-cementitious material ratio, and age on the mechanical and fracture properties of normal and high-strength concretes. The relationships between compressive strength, flexural strength, and fracture properties were studied. At the time of test, concrete ranged in age from 5 to 180 days. Water-cementitious material ratios ranged from 0.24 to 0.50, producing compressive strengths between 20 MPa(2, 920 psi) and 99 MPa(14, 320psi). Mixes contained either basalt or crushed limestone aggregate, with maximum sizes of 12mm(1/2in). or 19mm(3/4in). The tests demonstrate that the higher quality basalt coarse aggregate provides higher strengths in compression than limestone only for the high-strength concrete, but measurably higher strengths in flexure, and significantly higher fracture energies than the limestone coarse aggregate at all water-cementitious material ratios and ages. Compressive strength, water-cementitious material ratio, and age have no apparent relationship with fracture energy, which is principally governed by coarse aggregate properties. The peak bending stress in the fracture test is linearly related to flexural strength. Overall, as concrete strength increases, the amount of energy stored in the material at the peak tensile load increases, but the ability of the material to dissipate energy remains nearly constant. This suggests that, as higher strength cementitious materials are placed in service, the probability of nonductile failures will measurably increase. Both research and educational effort will be needed to develop strategies to limit the probability of brittle failures and inform the design community of the nature of the problems associated with high-strength concrete.