• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.333-343
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• 2015

This research aims at identifying the goshawk's possible and replaceable breeding ground by using the MaxEnt prediction model which has so far been insufficiently used in Korea, and providing evidence to expand possible protection areas for the goshawk's breeding for the future. The field research identified 10 goshawk's nests, and 23 appearance points confirmed during the 3rd round of environmental research were used for analysis. 4 geomorphic, 3 environmental, 7 distance, and 9 weather factors were used as model variables. The final environmental variables were selected through non-parametric verification between appearance and non-appearance coordinates identified by random sampling. The final predictive model (MaxEnt) was structured using 10 factors related to breeding ground and 7 factors related to appearance area selected by statistics verification. According to the results of the study, the factor that affected breeding point structure model the most was temperature seasonality, followed by distance from mixforest, density-class on the forest map and relief energy. The factor that affected appearance point structure model the most was temperature seasonality, followed by distance from rivers and ponds, distance from agricultural land and gradient. The nature of the goshawk's breeding environment and habit to breed inside forests were reflected in this modeling that targets breeding points. The northern central area which is about $189.5 km^2$(2.55 %) is expected to be suitable breeding ground. Large cities such as Cheongju and Chungju are located in the southern part of Chungcheongbuk-do whereas the northern part of Chungcheongbuk-do has evenly distributed forests and farmlands, which helps goshawks have a scope of influence and food source to breed. Appearance point modeling predicted an area of $3,071 km^2$(41.38 %) showing a wider ranging habitat than that of the breeding point modeling due to some limitations such as limited moving observation and non-consideration of seasonal changes. When targeting the breeding points, a specific predictive area can be deduced but it is difficult to check the points of nests and it is impossible to reflect the goshawk's behavioral area. On the other hand, when targeting appearance points, a wider ranging area can be covered but it is less accurate compared to predictive breeding point since simple movements and constant use status are not reflected. However, with these results, the goshawk's habitat can be predicted with reasonable accuracy. In particular, it is necessary to apply precise predictive breeding area data based on habitat modeling results when enforcing an environmental evaluation or establishing a development plan.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.67-71
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• 2010

Output traits centered on improved plant-based products will find their way to consumers in such ways as nutritionally enhanced foods, therapeutic proteins for disease treatment and vaccines, bio-industrial products, modified oil quality and biofuels. Significant progress in biotechnology has occurred over the last several decades. The importance of output traits development and production using biotechnology will impact not only agribusiness, but also pharmaceutical and food industries. The objective of this paper is to review briefly the current status of output traits development in crop plants using nutrients and pharmaceuticals as examples.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.536-557
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• 2020

Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV) is a distinct member of the Polerovirus genus of the Luteoviridae family. SCYLV is the major limitation to sugarcane production worldwide and presently occurring in most of the sugarcane growing countries. SCYLV having high genetic diversity within the species and presently ten genotypes are known to occur based on the complete genome sequence information. SCYLV is present in almost all the states of India where sugarcane is grown. Virion comprises of 180 coat protein units and are 24-29 nm in diameter. The genome of SCYLV is a monopartite and comprised of single-stranded (ss) positive-sense (+) linear RNA of about 6 kb in size. Virus genome consists of six open reading frames (ORFs) that are expressed by sub-genomic RNAs. The SCYLV is phloem-limited and transmitted by sugarcane aphid Melanaphis sacchari in a circulative and non-propagative manner. The other aphid species namely, Ceratovacuna lanigera, Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominalis, and R. maidis also been reported to transmit the virus. The virus is not transmitted mechanically, therefore, its transmission by M. sacchari has been studied in different countries. SCYLV has a limited natural host range and mainly infect sugarcane (Sachharum hybrid), grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), and Columbus grass (Sorghum almum). Recent insights in the protein-protein interactions of Polerovirus through protein interaction reporter (PIR) technology enable us to understand viral encoded proteins during virus replication, assembly, plant defence mechanism, short and long-distance travel of the virus. This review presents the recent understandings on virus biology, diagnosis, genetic diversity, virus-vector and host-virus interactions and conventional and next generation management approaches.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.703-709
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• 2015

A breeding pair of the Black-faced Spoonbill Platalea minor was firstly recorded on Chilsando Islands, Younggwang, Jeollanamdo Province in 1991. Since the mid 2000s, breeding population on the breeding sites has gradually increased. This study was conducted to identify breeding status and nest site characteristics of the species from May to August, 2013 on Chilsando Islands. We recorded number of nests, length and width of the nest base, slope around the nests, nest materials, distances from the nearest nest, presence of nest cover and nesting area. In 2013 breeding season, 25 of 49 nests produced at least one successful fledging. A total of 55 youngs were successfully fledged and number of fledging per nest was 2.20 individuals. Nesting area was $77.8m^2$ and $93.4m^2$ for Sansando and Yuksando Islet, respectively. Soil and soil mixed with tree root were preferred for substrate of nest base over rock and Brassica napus was dominantly selected as nest materials by Black-faced Spoonbills. Nest characteristics of 22 nests in Sasando and Yuksando Islet varied $49.59{\pm}6.53cm$(mean${\pm}$SD) for length of nest base, $41.00{\pm}5.82cm$ for width of nest base, $20.85{\pm}9.96^{\circ}$ for slope above the nest, $34.09{\pm}17.75^{\circ}$ for slope below the nest and $130.82{\pm}84.17cm$ for distances from the nearest nest. Fifteen pairs (68.2%) occupied where nest cover existed. Nest cover were located in front of the nest for 5 pairs, back of the nest for 9 pairs and both front and back of the nest for 1 pair.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.317-322
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• 2011

We determined the nuclear DNA content (genome size) of over 35 accessions each of bamboo and rattan species from Southeast Asia. The 2C DNA per nucleus was quantified by flow cytometry. The fluorescence of nuclei isolated from the leaves and stained with propidium iodide was measured. The genome size of the bamboo species examined was between 2.5 and 5.9 pg DNA per 2C nucleus. The genome size of the rattan species examined ranged from 1.8 to 10.5 pg DNA per 2C nucleus. This information will be useful for scientists working in diverse areas of plant biology such as biotechnology, biodiversity, genome analysis, plant breeding, physiology and molecular biology. Such data may be utilized to attempt to correlate the genome size with the ploidy status of bamboo species in cases where ploidy status has been reported.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.249-249
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• 2004

This study was conducted to investigate optimal insemination timming as a scanning changes of follicular development by synchronization of ovulation(Ov-synch.) treatment for timed artificial insemination of deer. Sixty-nine elk does were inserted CIDR into virginia for 14 days from 16 to 29 September(breeding season). (omitted)

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.65 no.6
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• pp.1169-1179
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• 2023

Korean native pigs (KNPs) have been one of the traditional livestock primarily raised in rural areas of Korea for centuries. KNPs have adapted to the climate and geography of the Korean Peninsula for a long time, exhibiting excellent adaptability even in challenging environments. For these reasons, the preservation and purification of KNPs are crucial in securing unique genetic resources. Therefore, this review covers the characteristics, production status, commercial value and potential breeding directions of KNPs. Unfortunately, there is still a long way to go for the improvement of KNPs. It is crucial to acknowledge the current challenges, identify the issues, and dedicate efforts to the breed's improvement. Each section of this comprehensive review will play an important role in integrating related research and data into the overall findings. In-depth discussions on the genetic diversity, productivity, genetic conservation, ecological roles, and sustainability of KNPs will be crucial components in the future of KNP business.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.148-155
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• 1988

Holstein cows being raised in the Kangweon district were examined on the breeding status and occurrence of reproductive disorder. The results obtained were as follows; 1. The cows above six years old in the alpine area were raised more than those in high level zone and plate zone. 2. A total of 1,350 Holstein cows were examined on the breeding status. They were 71.9% conceived cows, 7.9% of uncertain1$\frac{1}{2}$ regnancy, 7.0 of physiological vacancy and 13.3 of reproductive disorder. 3. The percentage of cows conceived by 1, 2, 3 and more than 4 times of A.I. was 49.9, 29.2, 13.3 and 7.6, respectively. 4. In the nutritional condition of infertile coes, excellent, good, fair and poor were 6.7, 30.2, 34.1 and 29.1, respectively. In the good and fair nutritional condition, the cows of ovarian syndrome were 15.6% of persistent corpus luteum, and 11.7% of follicular cystic ovary and lutein cystic ovary, respectively. 5. Among 179 inferTile cows, distributions of reproductive disorder were 43.0, 39.1, 3.9, 3.9 and 10.1% in ovary, uterus vagina, oviduct and others, respectively. Ovary showed higher percentage than any other reproductive organs. Among the ovarian syndromes, follicular cystic ovary, lutein cystic ovary and persistent corpus luteum were 28.6, 28.6 and 23.4%, respectively. 6. A cow group of six and seven-year old showed the highest percentage(21.0% and 23.3%) among the age groups in infertile cows. In the syndrome of reproductive disorder, catarrhal endometritis, latent endometritis, follicular cystic ovary and lutein cystic ovary were 14.5, 14.0, 12.3 and 12.3%, respectively. 7. Infertile cows with complex syndrome of genital disease was 31.8%.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.12 no.1 s.30
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• pp.67-74
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• 2006

This survey was carried out in order to obtain and apply the basic information on levels of raising skill, recognition of mutual infection between animal and human field of skill training, registration of animal pedigree, mating places, difficulties of raising, channel of marketing, and prospects of raising by socio-ecological status. Data were randomly gathered from 713 peoples, who composed of 398 men and 315 women, from March to August, 2005. As the results, questionnaires were analyzed that relatively 'the level of breeding skill is middle(43.9%)'. The average score for skill level is 1.81$\pm$0.79 when 4 points were used as a full mark. The recognition of mutual infection between human and animal is answered that 'many respondents don't know very well(62.6%)'. The questionnaire answered largely that 'the field of raising skill training is trimming and grooming(29.2%)'. The respondents recognized that 'The pedigree registration of pet is not essential(52.7%)'. The pet breeders answered that 'the mating for reproduction was conducted mainly in pet shops(34.3%)'. The breeders indicated mostly that 'the difficulties of raising were technical skills of raising(53.5%)'. The respondents answered that 'the deal of marketing of animal was mainly achieved through neighbors and close relatives(42.8%)'. The many questionnaires were recognized that 'breeders have a good prospect for the pet industry in the future(51.5%)'.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.113-125
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• 2011

Seabirds have adapted to life in marine environments. More than 25% of the bird species observed in South Korea are seabirds, using the coast area of Korean peninsula as a stop-over and wintering, and breeding site. The aims of this review are to provide information about migratory and resident Korean seabirds and to discuss the methods that are currently employed to monitor the marine environment. In Korea, it has been reported that more than 400,000 individuals of seabirds breed on Nando Islet, Chilbaldo Islet, Guguldo Islet, Sasudo Islet, Hongdo Islet and Dokdo Islet. In 2010, approximately 160,000 seabirds also visited South Korea during the winter. Two of the main treats were introduced wildlife and habitat destruction by humans. Seabirds are monitored mainly at the population and individual levels. The assessment of population sizes and biomagnifications of pollutants are performed preferably at the community and population levels. Behaviour, growth, morphological characteristics, and breeding success is analyzed at the individual level and employed to gauge the health of the marine environment. In addition, we could suggest that molecular technique of seabirds successfully adopted to investigate the effects of pollutants and toxins in the marine environment.