• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.1217-1224
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• 2006

The registration data of 15 populations from nine major swine breeding farms were investigated to check levels of inbreeding and the current status of pedigree structures of breeding stocks. The average rate of inbreeding per generation was 0.208%, 0.209%, 0.098%, 0.307% and 0.071% for farms D, S, K, H, and Y in Duroc, 0.071%, 0.188%, 0.685%, 0.336%, and 0.449% for farms S, H, C, J, and W in Landrace, and 0.243%, 0.123%, 0.103%, 0.165%, and 0.286% for farms D, S, G, H, and J in Yorkshire, respectively. The average inbreeding rate was highest for Landrace, intermediate for Yorkshire, and lowest for Duroc farms. In Landrace and Yorkshire populations there were few immigrant animals per generation. In Duroc, however, there were quite large numbers of immigrant animals per generation compared to other breeds. The effective population sizes calculated from the average rate of inbreeding were distributed between 73.0 and 708.7. Specific values were 204.8, 239.7, 508.8, 163.0 and 708.2 for farms D, S, K, H, and Y in Duroc, 708.7, 266.5, 73.0, 148.9, and 111.3 for farms S, H, C, J, and W in Landrace, and 205.5, 406.0, 486.9, 302.6 and 175.0 for farms D, S, G, H, and J in Yorkshire, respectively. The values were acceptable for natural selection for fitness and inbreeding depression. The results showed that there was no cause for concern over the current inbreeding level of major swine breeding farm populations and the inbreeding level was within an acceptable range.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 1998년도 21세기 한반도 농업전망과 대책(한국작물학회.한국육종학회 공동주관 심포지움 회보)
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• pp.336-352
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• 1998

The horticultural seed industry has made great progress in the last fifty years of its history after the independence of this country. The industry has accomplished self-sufficiency in major vegetable seeds and has even gained international competitive edge in certain crop seeds, particularly in hybrid cultivar development. However, the industry is facing a crisis at present coming from excessive competition among the domestic seed companies as well as the foreign currency crisis of the country. Several major seed companies have already been acquired by multinational corporations. Many people in the country as well as agriculturists are concerned about this situation. Although it is true that the industry is undergoing hard times, this crisis can be turned into a chance for making new progress depending on the joint efforts of the groups responsible, i.e., private companies, public institutions, and policy makers. Therefore, we have to turn this crisis into an opportunity for self-reform and progress. We should not be discouraged or give up. We Propose some ideas for the Progress of the seed industry. Public institutions and policy makers should do such things in cooperation as 1) training human resources for future breeders, 2) securing a wide range of genetic resources and improvement of the management system, 3) basic science research including biotechnology, 4) releasing breeding stocks from germplasm enhancement through use of exotic accessions, 5) support for breeding region- or use-specific cultivars, and 6) collection of foreign agricultural information for breeding cultivars for overseas markets. Eventually the responsible group for the final development of commercial cultivars, production, sales and management is private companies. Therefore, private companies also should have to do their best to develop competitive cultivars with a missionary spirit and endeavor for both domestic and overseas markets in cooperation with public institutions. Management based on competition, professionalism and rationalism is also urged. We are going to conclude with optimism that we can make a new vault of progress once the private and public sectors closely cooperate for the development of Korean horticultural seed industry by overcoming this crisis.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.347-351
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• 2000

Rye has been a major winter forage crop in Korea. Varietal improvement of rye has been practiced either by hybrid or population breeding systems. Hybrid breeding offers important advantages over population breeding since it is normally a cross-pollinated crop. The hybrid breeding in rye has been possible since cytoplasmically inherited forms of male sterility (CMS) and corresponding nuclear restorer genes were found. The objectives of this research were to develop the maintainer and restorer lines of Korean inbred lines and to estimate the effect of 'Pampa' type of CMS cytoplasm on yield and its related characteristics. For easy discrimination of male-sterile status of plants, anther scoring and the restore index system in which seed-setting and pollen quantity of viability were taken into account were established. High significant correlation between pollen quantity and pollen viability was found. For "Pampa" cytoplasm, four of 14 Korean inbred lines tested turned out to be a maintainer but no restorer was found. But for "235b" CMS cytoplasm, seven inbred lines acted as complete restorers. The Korean inbred rye lines acted mainly as maintainers in "Pampa" cytoplasm but acted mainly as restorer in "235b" cytoplasm. The 'Pampa' cytoplasm inducing male sterility reduced cohn length and plant height and increased the number of tiller, so forage yield and grain yield were enhanced. However, heading date was slightly delayed compared to the normal cytoplasm.elayed compared to the normal cytoplasm.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.914-921
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• 2021

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality in young bulls, steers and heifers produced by crossing Limousin bulls with Holstein-Friesian cows, fattened semi-intensively and slaughtered at 18 months of age. Methods: Thirty-one young calves were reared in a conventional production system, and were fed milk replacer, hay and concentrate. At 6 months of age, the animals were divided into groups based on gender, and were fed a total mixed ration composed of grass silage, concentrates I and II in a semi-intensive production system. At the end of the fattening period (18 months), the animals were slaughtered, carcass quality was evaluated, and samples of musculus longissimus thoracis were collected to determine the proximate composition and quality of meat. Results: Bulls were characterized by the highest percentage share of the most valuable cuts in the carcass, and three-rib sections from bull carcasses had the highest lean meat content with low intramuscular fat content (0.93%). No significant differences in carcass conformation, dressing percentage or the percentage share of round in the right half-carcass were found between bulls vs. steers and heifers. Heifers and steers had higher carcass fat content than bulls, which had a positive influence on the sensory properties of beef. In comparison with the meat of bulls, the meat of steers and heifers was characterized by more desirable physical properties and sensory attributes (water-holding capacity, shear force, color lightness, aroma, juiciness, tenderness, flavor). Conclusion: Under the semi-intensive production system, heifers and steers had higher carcass fat content than bulls, which had a positive effect on the sensory properties of beef. Bulls are better suited for intensive systems, which contribute to improving the quality of their meat. The results of this study may encourage producers to breed steers and heifers for beef.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.102-109
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• 2022

This study was conducted to test the significant difference of fertility variation among families and to select superior families for acorn production in the breeding seedling seed orchards (BSSOs) of Quercus acuta and Quercus glauca. The seed orchards were located in Jeju island and established by seedlings raised from selected parents for genetic testing in 2006. In the spring of 2021, the numbers of female and male flower were counted from 5 to 10 individuals per family in the BSSOs. To test statistical significance of which parameter is not satisfied through the normality test, we used a nonparametric analysis. Correlation analysis was performed to quantify the association between female and male flower production. As the results, the significant difference of flower production among families was found in both seed orchards. The averages of female flower production were 65.3 and 181.9 in Q. acuta and Q. glauca. The positive Spearman's rank correlation was existed between male and female flower production. Broad-sense heritability on female and male flower production were 0.191 and 0.147 in Q. acuta, and 0.285 and 0.068 in Q. glauca, respectively. Sexual asymmetry (e.g., maleness index) between female and male, and contribution variation among families (e.g., parental balance) were analyzed to find reasonable alternatives in the management of seed orchards. Effective population size of seed crops was predicted as a concept of status number. Loss of gene diversity (accumulation of group coancestry) would not be alarming in the BSSOs. Our results would be helpful to select breeding materials for establishing new seed orchards and to supply genetically improved seeds of evergreen oaks, which is one of the backbones of the strategy of carbon sink in the 2050 Carbon Neutrality of Korea Forest Service.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.196-206
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• 2018

고구마는 식량뿐만 아니라 전분을 비롯하여 카로티노이드, 비타민C, 비타민E, 안토시아닌과 같은 저분자 항산화물질을 생산하는 중요한 산업용 뿌리작물로 건조 등 조건 불리지역에 적용이 가능한 최고의 전분작물로 각광받고 있다. 이러한 관점에서 중국, 일본을 비롯한 세계 각국에서 오믹스 기반 유용유전자 발굴 및 활용에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 또한 2014년부터 한 중 일 고구마연구협의회(TRAS)를 중심으로 Xushu 18(6배체) 고구마 유전체 해독 연구가 진행되고 있으며 거의 완성단계에 이르고 있다. 향후 고구마 유전체 해독이 완성되면 오믹스 기반 연구결과와 더불어 전분대사, 항산화물질 대사, 환경스트레스, 기능성 등의 기작에 관여하는 유용유전자 분리 및 활용 연구의 활성화에 기여할 것이며 6배체 고구마 유전체 해독 연구는 식물 유전체 해독에 있어 가장 문제시되는 다배수체 식물의 유전체 해독 문제해결에 가장 큰 기여를 할 것으로 기대 된다. 본 논문은 현재까지 연구된 고구마 생명공학 연구 현황과 조건 불리지역 분자육종 전망에 대해 기술하였다. 이러한 연구 동향 분석은 고구마를 활용한 글로벌 식량, 에너지, 환경문제 해결을 위한 실용화 연구에 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.73-87
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• 2004

시화간척지에 도래하는 물새류는 70종에 최대개최수 합계가 169,351개체이었다. 군집별로는 오리류가 22종, 도요류 20종, 백로류 9종 및 갈매기류 5종순으로 나타났다. 월별 개체수는 3월이 95,465개체로 가장 많았으며, 2월과 11월에도 70,000개체 이상으로 높게 나타났지만, 4월~6월에는 7,000개체 이하로 나타났다. 연중 1회 최대 출현개체수에서 최우점종은 58,627개체로 34.6%를 점유한 고방오리(Anas acuta)로 나타났다. 다음으로 24.5%인 청둥오리(Anas platyrhynchos), 13.6%인 흰죽지(Aythya ferina), 6.1%인 괭이갈매기(Larus crassirostris), 5.0%인 흰뺨검둥오리(Anas poecilorhyncha) 및 2.69%인 검은머리흰죽지(Aythya marila)순이었다. 시화간척 지에는 노랑부리백로(Egretta eulophotes), 저어새(Platalea minor), 노랑부리저어새(Platalea leucorodia), 혹고니(Cygnus olor), 큰고니(Cygnus cygnus) 및 검은머리물떼새(Haematopus ostralegus) 등의 희귀조류가 서식 및 번식하고 있었다. 주로 시화호의 수변부에서 먹이활동을 하고 있었으며, 수변부 뒤쪽의 간척지(배후습지)를 휴식 및 서식공간으로 활용하고 있었다. 특히 검은머리물떼새는 칠면초(Suaeda japonica)와 퉁퉁마디(Salicornia herbacea) 등이 자라고 있는 간척지를 번식지로 이용하고 있었다. 시화호가 매립과 간척, 수변부에 조성되는 해안도로, 송전철탑 건설 및 농지확보를 위한 방조제 조성 등으로 물새류의 서식 및 번식지가 훼손되고 있는 시점에서, 이곳에 도래하는 물새류를 번식조류, 통과조류 및 겨울철새로 구분하여 각각에 대한 보전 방안이 마련되어야 한다. 특히, 먹이원 확보, 서식지인 수변부와 번식지인 수변부 뒤쪽의 배후습지의 유지 및 외지섬, 형도, 음섬과 시화 상류갯골이 연계되는 생태계 벨트 구축 등에 의한 물새류 보전이 필요하다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제33권s01호
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• pp.86-97
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• 1988

Sesame(Sesamum indicum L.) is probably the most ancient oilseed crop known in the world. The seed of sesame is used in a variety of ways as food. The whole seed may be eaten raw, either roasted or parched, or fed to birds and stock. Sesame oil is used as a salad or cooking oil, in shortening, margarine and in the manufacture of soap. Minor uses are as a fixative in the perfume industry and formerly as a carrier for fatsoluble substances in pharmaceuticals such as penicillin. One of the minor constituents of sesame oil, sesamin, is used for its synergistic effect in pyrethrin insecticides, in addition of a small quantity of this substance markedly increases the effectiveness of fly sprays. The meal remaining after oil extraction can be used as and animal feed-stuff or as manure. In general sesame meal is considered to be equal to cottonseed or soybean meal as a protein supplement for livestock and poultry. It is especially high in certain amino-acids such as methionine, which is low in soybean meal, and thus can be combined with it or similar meal to form a more balanced ration. An attempt to summarize the literature review on quality improvement of sesame was made to discuss the accomplishments of the past and perspectives in the future. The reviews on quality improvement of sesame were mainly discussed in connection with the cultural practices and genetic informations in current status. The emphasis focussed on environmental variation of quality in cultural practices, such as harvest time, variety by location, climatic condition, fertilizer application, and growth regulator treatment. On the genetic variation of quality, it was discussed on variety background, mutation breeding, correlations, and inheritance of quality related characteristics. It also was discussed on relationship between quality and plant traits, storage condition or period, and seed coat color. Moreover, current research status were reviewed on some minor elements such as sesamin, oxalic acid, and trypsin inhibitor. As a results of the review, the lack of an effort to quality improvement in each utilization area was indicated as a problem area. More active efforts for the improvement of quality were also insufficient to incorporate the available genes for quality in breeding method or collection and analysis of breeding materials. Therefore, researches in the future would be recommended to emphasize on these problem areas.

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.89-108
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• 2006

본 연구는 21세기 IT 산업을 주도할 유비쿼터스 시대에 대비하여 IT 인력 양성을 대표하는 국내 대학의 유비쿼터스 기술 및 서비스 인력의 양성실태를 파악하고자한 것이다. 이에, 유비쿼터스 기술 및 서비스 인력에 대한 체계적인 분류체계를 개발하고, 국내 대학의 유비쿼터스 기술 및 서비스 관련 인력 양성 실태를 분석하여 시사점 및 대안을 제시하였다. 유비쿼터스 기술 관련 인력은 유비쿼터스 환경 하에서의 정보의 흐름에 따라 분류하였고, 유비쿼터스 서비스 관련 인력은 유비쿼터스 사용자의 관점에서 분류하였다. 본 연구의 결과물은 유비쿼터스 인력을 양성하기 위한 산 학 연 관의 협력 프로그램을 개발하는데 도움을 줄 것이며, 향후 유비쿼터스 인력의 수급 전망을 분석하는데 참고 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.333-343
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• 2015

본 연구는 국내에서 아직 미흡한 조류 번식지 예측 모형을 이용해 참매의 서식지 예측 및 대체번식지로서 이용 가능한 지역을 선정하고, 향후 참매 번식 가능지역을 대상으로 보호관리 지역을 확대할 수 있는 근거를 제시하기 위한 방안이다. 참매의 번식지는 현장조사에서 확인된 둥지(N=10)를 이용하였으며, 출현지점은 제3차자연환경조사를 통해 확인된 참매출현지점(N=23)을 활용해 분석하였다. 모형변수로는 지형인자 4가지, 자연환경인자(식생) 3가지, 거리인자 7가지, 기후변수 9가지를 활용하였다. 활용변수 중 Random sampling을 통해 확보된 비출현 좌표와 출현좌표간 비모수 검증을 통해 최종 환경변수를 선정하였다. 유의성 검증을 통해 선택된 변수는 번식지 대상 10가지, 출현지점 대상 7가지였으며, 이 변수를 활용해 최종 서식지 예측 모형(MaxEnt)을 구축하였다. 모델 구축결과 번식에 활용된 각 변수별 모형 기여도는 온도의 계절적 변동, 혼효림 과의 거리, 입목밀도, 경급의 순이었으며, 출현지점에 활용된 각 변수별 모형 기여도는 온도의 계절적 변동, 수계와의 거리, 경작지와의 거리, 경사도의 순이었다. 번식지점을 대상으로 한 모델링은 기후환경과 숲 내부에서 번식하는 참매의 특성이 반영된 것으로 판단된다. 예상서식지는 충청북도 중부 이북지역으로 예상되었으며, 그 면적은 $189.5km^2$(2.55%)였다. 충북 이남지역은 청주와 충주 등의 비교적 큰 도시가 발달되어 있는 반면 충청북도 북부지역의 경우 산림과 경작지가 고루 발달되어 있어 번식에 있어 일정한 세력권과 먹이원이 필요한 참매로서는 번식에 유리한 지역일 것으로 판단된다. 출현지점 대상으로 한 모델링은 면적이 $3,071km^2$(41.38%)으로 확인되었으며, 이는 출현지점을 대상으로 하여 단순이동 관찰 및 계절적인 변동 미고려 등의 한계가 있기 때문에 번식지점을 대상으로 한 모델링보다 광범위한 서식예상지역을 예측하였다. 결과에서 확인된 예측지점은 번식지를 대상으로 하였을 경우 정밀한 서식예측이 가능하나, 둥지의 특성상 확인되는 지점이 적고, 참매의 행동영역을 반영하지 못하는 단점이 있다. 반면 출현지점을 대상으로 하였을 경우 더 광범위한 지점에 대한 결과 도출이 가능하였으나, 단순 이동이나 지속적인 이용실태를 반영하지 못하기 때문에 정밀도에서는 다소 떨어진다고 할 수 있다. 다만 이러한 결과들을 통해 참매의 서식지를 예측할 수 있으며, 특히 정밀한 번식지역의 예측자료는 환경영향평가나 개발계획 수립시 서식지 모형 결과를 도입하여 반영할 필요성이 있다.