• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2002

With the objective of selecting suitable breeding resource material, 10 polyvoltine and 10 bivoltine breeds were drawn from the germplasm collection of Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore, and evaluated for 3 seasons comprising one year (6 trials). Data were collected on seven traits of economic importance such as fecundity, pupation rate, cocoon yield, cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, cocoon shell ratio and filament length, and statistically analysed with two-way classification, Joint scoring method and evaluation index. Significant seasonal variations (P < 0.01) were observed in both polyvoltine and bivoltine breeds. Polyvoltines BL27, BL36 and BL54 and bivoltines CSR2, CSR4 and Daizo scored highest ranking values in all the three methods. Hybridization was initiated based on larval markings and cocoon shapes. Seasonal variations were discussed.

• 식물병연구
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.20-23
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• 2015

A sequential planting method was developed to screen rice plants with durable resistance against rice blast in a short time, and applied for several years in Korean rice breeding program. In this study, we showed the advantages of a sequential planting method compared to other pathogenicity tests. The correlation analysis among three pathogenicity tests and other factors demonstrated that durable resistance depended on the average of diseased leaf area and the number of compatible pathogens. Significant correlations were found in the nursery test but not in the field test result. In addition, we traced changes in the pathogen population during sequential planting stages through re-isolation of the pathogen. The portion of compatible pathogens was increased during sequential planting. Through this study, we provide an effective sequential planting method and direction of durable resistance in a breeding program.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제24권10호
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• pp.1421-1426
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• 2014

Although a large number of AroA enzymes (EPSPS: 5-enopyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase) have been identified, cloned, and tested for glyphosate resistance, only two AroA variants, derived from Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain CP4 and Zea mays, have been utilized to produce the commercial glyphosate-resistant crops. Here, we have used a PCR-based twostep DNA synthesis method to synthesize an aroA gene ($aroA_{A.\;metalliredigens}$) from Alkaliphilus metalliredigens, encoding a new EPSPS. Furthermore, transgenic Arabidopsis with the new $aroA_{A.\;metalliredigens}$ gene was obtained to confirm the potential of the novel aroA gene in developing glyphosate-resistant crops.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.277-280
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• 2007

Pepper fruit anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum acutatum, results in serious yield loss and affects crop quality in many Asian countries, making it a disease of economic consequence. A source resistant to C. acutatum was identified by the AVRDC within the line Capsicum chinense Jacq. PBC932. The resistant breeding line C. annuum AR is the $BC_3F_6$ generation derived from C. chinense Jacq. PBC932. The inheritance of resistance to C. acutatum was analyzed in segregating populations derived from the two crosses HN 11$\times$AR and Daepoong-cho$\times$AR. Detached mature green fruits were inoculated using microinjection method. The disease response was evaluated as the disease incidence at 7 DAI. The segregation ratios of resistance and susceptibility to C. acutatum in the $F_2$ and $BC_R$ populations derived from the two crosses fit significantly to a 1:3 Mendelian model. This indicates that the resistance of AR to C. acutatum is controlled by a single recessive gene.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.37-42
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• 2013

본 연구는 종자로부터 유도된 캘러스를 아그로박테리움을 이용해 감염하여 고체배지에서 배양하는 기존의 방법과 달리, 형질전환에 소모되는 노동력과 시간, 비용을 단축하고자 감염과 공동배양, 균제거와 캘러스 선발까지 액체배양을 시도하였다. 성숙 종자로부터 유도된 캘러스를 바로 아그로박테리움으로 감염함으로써 조직배양으로 인한 체세포 변이의 발생을 최소화하고 감염부터 그 후 캘러스선발까지 총 4단계의 시간과 비용을 최소화하였으며, 감염된 캘러스로부터 재분화 시킴으로써 형질전환 식물체를 얻는 방법을 새롭게 수립하였다. 배양과정 중 감염과 공동배양 기간을 3일로 단축시킴으로써 캘러스의 스트레스를 최소화 하였고, PCR 분석을 통해 원하는 목표 유전자가 형질전환체에 안정적으로 도입이 되는 것도 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 본 실험을 통해 얻어진 새로운 액체배양 방법은 우수한 농업적 형질을 가진 벼 품종 개발시 효율적으로 이용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.173-183
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• 2024

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether the methane (CH₄) to carbon dioxide (CO₂) ratio (CH₄/CO₂) and methane-related traits obtained by the sniffer method can be used as indicators for genetic selection of Holstein cows with lower CH₄ emissions. Methods: The sniffer method was used to simultaneously measure the concentrations of CH₄ and CO₂ during milking in each milking box of the automatic milking system to obtain CH₄/CO₂. Methane-related traits, which included CH₄ emissions, CH₄ per energy-corrected milk, methane conversion factor (MCF), and residual CH₄, were calculated. First, we investigated the impact of the model with and without body weight (BW) on the lactation stage and parity for predicting methane-related traits using a first on-farm dataset (Farm 1; 400 records for 74 Holstein cows). Second, we estimated the genetic parameters for CH₄/CO₂ and methane-related traits using a second on-farm dataset (Farm 2; 520 records for 182 Holstein cows). Third, we compared the repeatability and environmental effects on these traits in both farm datasets. Results: The data from Farm 1 revealed that MCF can be reliably evaluated during the lactation stage and parity, even when BW is excluded from the model. Farm 2 data revealed low heritability and moderate repeatability for CH₄/CO₂ (0.12 and 0.46, respectively) and MCF (0.13 and 0.38, respectively). In addition, the estimated genetic correlation of milk yield with CH₄/CO₂ was low (0.07) and that with MCF was moderate (-0.53). The on-farm data indicated that CH₄/CO₂ and MCF could be evaluated consistently during the lactation stage and parity with moderate repeatability on both farms. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the on-farm applicability of the sniffer method for selecting cows with low CH₄ emissions.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.1483-1503
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• 2011

To advance the effectiveness of the current Hanwoo improvement system, we developed a general simulation that compared a series of breeding schemes under realistic user circumstances. We call this system the Integrated General Model (IGM) and it allows users to control the breeding schemes and selection methods by manipulating the input parameters. The Current Hanwoo Performance and Progeny Test (CHPPT) scheme was simulated with a Modified Hanwoo Performance and Progeny Test (MHPPT) scheme using a Hanwoo Breeding Farm cow population of the Livestock Improvement Main Center (LOMC) of the National Agricultural Cooperatives Federation (NACF). To compare the two schemes, a new method, the Simple Hanwoo Performance Test (SHPT), which uses ultrasound technology for measuring the carcass traits of live animals, was developed. These three models, including the CHPPT, incorporated three types of selection criteria: phenotype (PH), true breeding value (TBV), and estimated breeding value (EBV). The simulation was scheduled to mimic an actual Hanwoo breeding program; thus, the simulation was run to include the years 1983-2020 for each breeding method and was replicated 10 times. The parameters for simulation were derived from the literature. Approximately 642,000 animals were simulated per replication for the CHPPT scheme; 129,000 animals were simulated for the MHPPT scheme and 112,000 animals for the SHPT scheme. Throughout the 38-year simulation, all estimated parameters of each simulated population, regardless of population size, showed results similar to the input parameters. The deviations between input and output values for the parameters in the large populations were statistically acceptable. In this study, we integrated three simulated models, including the CHPPT, in an attempt to achieve the greatest genetic gains within major economic traits including body weight at 12 months of age (BW12), body weight at 24 months of age (BW24), average daily gain from 6 to 12 months (ADG), carcass weight (CWT), carcass longissimus muscle area (CLMA), carcass marbling score (CMS), ultrasound scanned longissimus muscle area (ULMA), and ultrasound scanned marbling score (UMS).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.1519-1523
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• 2006

Through a screening and selection approach method, decamer random markers were used in a technique called random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay with 252 genomic DNAs isolated from four major Haimen chicken populations: Rugao (62), Jiangchun (62), Wan-Nan (63) and Cshiqishi (65). A total of 3-score decamer random primers (S241-S260, S1081-S1100 and S1341-S1360) were employed in the preliminary RAPD-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) assay with 50 random template DNA samples from all the populations. Four (6.67%) of the primers that produced obvious polymorphic patterns, interpretable and reproducible bands were selected and used with both the individual DNAs from each population and with pooled DNA samples of the four populations in subsequent analyses. The selected primers produced a total of 131 fragments with molecular size ranging from 835 to 4,972 base pairs (bp) when used with the individual DNAs; 105 (80.15%) of these fragments were polymorphic. With the pooled DNAs, 47 stable and characteristic bands with molecular size ranging from 840 to 4,983 bp, of which 23 (48.94%) polymorphic, were also generated. The band-sharing coefficient (BSC) calculated for the individuals in the population and among populations of bulked samples was between 0.8247 (Rugao) and 0.9500 (Cshiqishi); for pairwise populations, it was between 0.7273 (Rugao vs. Wan-Nan) and 0.9367 (Jiangchun vs. Cshiqishi) chicken populations. Using the BSC for individual and pairwise populations, the Nei's standard genetic distances between the chicken populations were determined and ranged from 0.0043 (Jiangchun vs. Cshiqishi) to 0.1375 (Rugao vs. Cshiqishi). The reconstructed dendrogram linked the Jiangchun and Cshiqishi chickens as closely related populations, followed by Wan-Nan, while the Rugao was the most genetically distant among the populations.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.1529-1535
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• 2013

The TBC1D1 plays a key role in body energy homeostasis by regulating the insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. The present study aimed to identify the association between genetic polymorphisms of TBC1D1 and body weight (BW) in rabbits. Among the total of 12 SNPs detected in all 20 exons, only one SNP was non-synonymous (c.214G>A. p.G72R) located in exon 1. c.214G>A was subsequently genotyped among 491 individuals from two rabbit breeds by the high-resolution melting method. Allele A was the predominant allele with frequencies of 0.7780 and 0.6678 in European white rabbit (EWR, n = 205) and New Zealand White rabbit (NZW, n = 286), respectively. The moderate polymorphism information content (0.250.05). Our results implied that the c.214G>A of TBC1D1 gene might be one of the candidate loci affecting the trait of 35 d BW in the rabbit.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.169-174
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• 2010

Cutlassfish (Trichiurus lepturus Linnaeus 1758) is a commercially important fish in Korea. In recent years, the catch of cutlassfish in the coastal waters of Korea has significantly declined. Its genetic characterization has been little studied. To assist conservation and management efforts, we isolated and characterized 10 microsatellite loci using an enrichment method based on magnetic/biotin capture of microsatellite sequences from a size-selected genomic library. To characterize each locus, 30 individuals from a natural T. lepturus population in the coastal waters of Jeju Island, Korea, were genotyped. All loci except two, KTh9B and KTh22A, were polymorphic, with an average of 14.3 alleles per locus (range, 10 22). The mean observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.80 (range, 0.50 0.97) a 0.82 (range, 0.68 0.95), respectively. A significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was observed at three loci (KTh6B, KTh10, and KTh16). This high variability indicates that these microsatellites may be useful for high-resolution studies of population genetics.