• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2006

In order to detection of the intestinal parasites, fecal samples were taken from broiler (n=290), parent stock (n=168) and laying hen (n=114) in Jeonbuk province. The prevalence and identification of intestinal parasites were determined by the fecal examination using the floatation method and microscopical examination, respectively. The detection rate of parasite-eggs from 3 flocks (total=572) was 44.9%. In the breed and type of breeding, infection rate of parasite-eggs was detected 65.5% as broiler (floor breeding, 290 chickens), 20.2% as parent stock (floor breeding, 168 chickens) and 28.9% as laying hen (cage breeding, 114 chickens), in order. In the concern of mixed infection such as single and double, the rate were 40.7% and 4.2%, respectively. Six kinds of infective eggs were isolated 257 fecal sample from 3 flock. They were classified 74.7% as Eimeria spp, 18.1% as Ascaridia galli and 6.0% as Capillaria spp and 0.4% as Heteratkis gallinarum, Railleina spp or Trichostrongylus spp, single or in combination.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.213-219
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• 1999

Microsatellite allele analysis has been used for individual identification and paternity test. In the present study, the biological father of three puppies was determined by using microsatellite allele amplification analysis. The mother bitch of the litter was a Poongsan dog. The three stud dogs that could have inseminated the bitch, by being in the same residence, were a white Poosan dog, a mixed breed, and a white Jindo dog. DNA was obtained from all the relevant dogs by buccal swabbing. Four loci of tetranucleotide repeat microsatellite were PCR-amplified, and analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining. The results of genotyping unambigously assigned the Poongsan dog as the biological father. There was no evidence of superfecundation. Therefore, the present study demonstrated the usefulness of microsatellite allele analysis as a simple, efficient method of paternity test in dogs.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.82-89
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• 1993

In order to detection of the intestinal parasites, fecal samples were taken from broiler (n=262), laying hen(n=244), parent stock(n=207) and native stock(n=287) in Chonbuk province. The prevalence and identification of intestinal parasites were determined by the fecal examination using the floatation and /or sedimentation methods and microscopical examination, respectively. The results were obtained as follows : 1. The detection rate of parasite-eggs from 4 flocks(total=1,000) was 65.7%. 2. In the breed and type of breeding, infection rate of parasite-eggs was detected 84.0％ as native stock (floor breeding, 241 chicken), 79.7％ as parent stock (floor breeding, 165 chickens), 73.3% as broiler(floor breeding, 192 chicken) and 24.2% as laying hen(cage breeding, 59 chicken), in order. 3. In the concern of mixed infection such as single, double and triple, the rate was 55.1%, 8.7% and 1.9%, respectively. 4. Ten kinds of infective eggs were isolated from 657 fecal sample of 4 flock. They were classified 51.l% as Eimeria spp., 12.7% as Ascaridia galli, 5.1% as Capillaria spp., 4.1% as Strongyloides avium, 2.3% as Heterakis gallinarum, 0.5% as Hymenolepis spp., 0.3% as Railleina spp. and 0.2% as Syngamus spp., Trichostrongilus spp., or Choanoteania spp., single or in combination.

• Mycobiology
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2021

Agaricus bisporus, commonly known as the button mushroom, is widely cultivated throughout the world. To breed new strains with more desirable traits and improved adaptability, diverse germplasm, including wild accessions, is a valuable genetic resource. To better understand the genetic diversity available in A. bisporus and identify previously unknown diversity within accessions, a phylogenetic analysis of 360 Agaricus spp. accessions using single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping was performed. Genetic relationships were compared using principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) among accessions with known origins and accessions with limited collection data. The accessions clustered into four groups based on the PCoA with regard to genetic relationships. A subset of 67 strains, which comprised a core collection where repetitive and uninformative accessions were not included, clustered into 7 groups following analysis. Two of the 170 accessions with limited collection data were identified as wild germplasm. The core collection allowed for the accurate analysis of A. bisporus genetic relationships, and accessions with an unknown pedigree were effectively grouped, allowing for origin identification, by PCoA analysis in this study.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2004

가축의 개체식별은 일반적으로 암호화된 코드를 부여한 이표를 활용하고 있으며 또한 생체에서 친자확인 검증을 위해 개체 혈액형 등이 활용되어 왔다. 그러나 생체 상태에서의 완벽한 개체 확인을 위한 수단으로 최근 유전자감식 기법이 널리 활용되고 있다. 이때 사용되는 유전자 표지는 소의 품종에 따라 매우 다양하게 발현되어 개체 확인 정확도를 높이기 위해 한우 집단에서 대상 유전자 표지의 유전자형 발현 양상을 분석하여 최적의 표지 유전자 표지를 설정하는 것이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구는 한우의 원산지 추적 및 개체식별 검증 시스템에서 절절히 사용할 수 있도록 생체 유전자 감식기법에 소요되는 유전자 표지(genetic marker)를 개발하기 위해 수행되었다. 공시재료로는 후보 유전자 표지의 광범위한 한우집단 발현특성의 분석을 위해 국가 후대검정 집단 740두를 활용하였으며 도축되기 전 단계의 생축에서 분석된 유전자형과 도축 후 유통과정에서 분석된 유전자형을 이용한 개체 확인 여부의 검증을 위해 국내 브랜드한우 농가로부터 출하된 4두를 분석에 공시하였다. 후보 유전자 표지는 염색체 1번과 14번에서 확인되어 보고된 16종의 초위성체 DNA의 염기서열 정보를 이용하였다. 한우집단에서 나타난 각각의 대상 유전자 표지의 유전자형 분석결과를 보면 대립유전자는 최소 3개에서 최대 12였으며 이형접합체 발현율은 0.022∼0.824였다. 유효대립유전자수는 각각의 대상 유전자마다 3∼7의 범위를 보였으며 이들 중 6개의 유전자 표지를 설정하여 개체 확인을 실시할 경우 100%에 가까운 정확도가 나타난 것으로 추정되었다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.464-470
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• 2017

성염색체에 위치하는 5 개의 초위성체 마커(INRA30, TGLA325, UMN0803, UMN0905, UMN0929) 를 이용하여 재래소 3품종과 외래소 7품종(칡소, 한우, 제주흑우, 홀스타인, 일본화우, 샤롤레, 앵거스, 헤어포드, 시멘탈, 한우X 샤롤레 교잡종)의 유전적 특징을 확인하였다. 상업적으로 판매되는 소고기의 잘못된 원산지 표기를 통해 부당한 경제적 이득을 취하고자 하는 문제를 해결하기 위한 방법으로 소고기 샘플을 빠르고 저비용으로 확인 하기 위한 방법으로 사용하기 위해 좌위 또는 품종 특이적 대립유전자를 탐색하고 좌위별 대립유전자수, 대립유전자빈도, 이형접합도 그리고 다형정보량(PIC)을 구하여 이들 10품종의 유전적 다양성을 평가하였다. STRUCTURE 분석을 통한 군락의 분류 및 유전적 균일성 분석에서 재래소 품종과 외래소 품종으로 두개의 주요 그룹으로 나뉘어진다. 이러한 결과들은 재래소와 외래소 품종의 특이적인 유전적 차이를 나타낸다. 또한 Nei's 표준 유전적 거리로 나타난 neighbor-joining tree에서도 독립적인 계통유전학적인 위치를 보여주었다. 이러한 결과는 국내 재래종과 외래품종 사이의 유전적 거리, 품종의 역사 및 그들의 지리적 기원 사이에 명백한 차이를 나타내는 증거로 사료된다. 이러한 결과들로 이들 성염색체의 초위성체 마커들에 의해 소 품종들의 유전적 다양성과 연관성은 과학적인 기초자료로 활용되고 재래소와 외래품종 소고기를 구별할 수 있는 DNA 마커들로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 그러므로 이러한 마커들은 효율적인 이력추적 시스템을 만드는데 사용되어 원산지 표시 위반을 억제하는데 유용할 것이다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.115-125
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• 2022

Objective: Intramuscular fat (IMF) is a critical economic indicator of pork quality. Studies on IMF among different pig breeds have been performed via high-throughput sequencing, but comparisons within the same pig breed remain unreported. Methods: This study was performed to explore the gene profile and identify candidate long noncoding RNA (lncRNAs) and mRNAs associated with IMF deposition among Laiwu pigs with different IMF contents. Based on the longissimus dorsi muscle IMF content, eight pigs from the same breed and management were selected and divided into two groups: a high IMF (>12%, H) and low IMF group (<5%, L). Whole-transcriptome sequencing was performed to explore the differentially expressed (DE) genes between these two groups. Results: The IMF content varied greatly among Laiwu pig individuals (2.17% to 13.93%). Seventeen DE lncRNAs (11 upregulated and 6 downregulated) and 180 mRNAs (112 upregulated and 68 downregulated) were found. Gene Ontology analysis indicated that the following biological processes played an important role in IMF deposition: fatty acid and lipid biosynthetic processes; the extracellular signal-regulated kinase cascade; and white fat cell differentiation. In addition, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-protein kinase B, and mammalian target of rapamycin pathways were enriched in the pathway analysis. Intersection analysis of the target genes of DE lncRNAs and mRNAs revealed seven candidate genes associated with IMF accumulation. Five DE lncRNAs and 20 DE mRNAs based on the pig quantitative trait locus database were identified and shown to be related to fat deposition. The expression of five DE lncRNAs and mRNAs was verified by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The results of qRT-PCR and RNA-sequencing were consistent. Conclusion: These results demonstrated that the different IMF contents among pig individuals may be due to the DE lncRNAs and mRNAs associated with lipid droplets and fat deposition.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2015

최근, 한국의 소비자들이 건강에 대한 관심이 증가하면서 단일불포화 지방산이 풍부해 건강에 긍정적인 영향을 줄 수 있는 오리고기의 수요가 급격하게 증가하고 있다. 하지만 대부분의 종 오리는 수입에 의존하고 있는 실정이기 때문에, 토종오리의 개발 및 보급이 필요한 실정이며, 이는 종자주권의 확립 및 농가 소득 증대에도 매우 필요한 일이라 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 24개의 microsatellite 마커를 확보하였으며, 이들 마커의 대립유전자수는 1~16개, 이형접합도는 0~0.865, 다형성은 0~0.841로 확인되었다. 이들 마커를 이용하여 임의 집단에서 동일개체 출현빈도를 계산한 결과는 임의 집단 $1.64{\times}10^{-16}$, 전형매 집단 $2.60{\times}10^{-7}$, 반형매 집단 $1.30{\times}10^{-12}$으로 높은 개체식별률과 친자확인도를 확인할 수 있었다. 하지만 이들 마커를 이용한 계통분석 결과, 토종오리와 실용오리 집단을 정확하게 구분하기에는 어려운 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서 추가연구를 통해 토종오리의 순종화 및 더 정확한 토종오리와 실용오리 집단 구분이 가능한 마커 개발이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권8호
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• pp.1075-1081
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• 2014

CRBP1 (cellular retinol binding protein 1) and CRBP3 (cellular retinol binding protein 3), are important components of the retinoid signaling pathway and take part in vitamin A absorption, transport and metabolism. Based on the role of vitamin A in chicken laying performance, we investigated the polymorphism of CRBP1 and CRBP3 genes in 349 chickens using single strand conformation polymorphism and DNA sequencing methods. Only one polymorphism was identified in the third intron of CRBP1, two polymorphisms were detected in CRBP3; they were located in the second intron and the third intron respectively. The association studies between these three SNPs and laying performance traits were performed in Erlang mountainous chicken. Notably, the SNP g.14604G>T of CRBP1 was shown to be significantly associated with body weight at first egg (BWFE), age at first egg (AFE), weight at first egg (WFE) and total number of eggs with 300 age (EN). The CRBP3 polymorphism g.934C>G was associated with AFE, and the g.1324A>G was associated with AFE and BWFE, but none of these polymorphisms were associated with egg quality traits. Haplotype combinations constructed on these two SNPs of CRBP3 gene were associated with BWFE and AFE. In particular, diplotype H2H2 had positive effect on AFE, BWFE, EN, and average egg-laying interval. We herein describe for the first time basic research on the polymorphism of chicken CRBP1 and CRBP3 genes that is predictive of genetic potential for laying performance in chicken.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.315-320
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• 2016

Porcine beta-defensin-1 (PBD-1) gene plays an important role in the innate immunity of pigs. The peptide encoded by this gene is an antimicrobial peptide that has direct activity against a wide range of microbes. This peptide is involved in the co-creation of an antimicrobial barrier in the oral cavity of pigs. The objective of the present study was to detect polymorphisms, if any, in exon-1 and exon-2 regions of PBD-1 gene in Large White Yorkshire (LWY) and native Ankamali pigs of Kerala, India. Blood samples were collected from 100 pigs and genomic DNA was isolated using phenol chloroform method. The quantity of DNA was assessed in a spectrophotometer and quality by gel electrophoresis. Exon-1 and exon-2 regions of PBD-1 gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the products were subjected to single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. Subsequent silver staining of the polyacrylamide gels revealed three unique SSCP banding patterns in each of the two exons. The presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was confirmed by nucleotide sequencing of the PCR products. A novel SNP was found in the 5'-UTR region of exon-1 and a SNP was detected in the mature peptide coding region of exon-2. In exon-1, the pooled population frequencies of GG, GT, and TT genotypes were 0.67, 0.30, and 0.03, respectively. GG genotype was predominant in both the breeds whereas TT genotype was not detected in LWY breed. Similarly, in exon-2, the pooled population frequencies of AA, AG, and GG genotypes were 0.50, 0.27, and 0.23, respectively. AA genotype was predominant in LWY pigs whereas GG genotype was predominant in native pigs. These results suggest that there exists a considerable genetic variation at PBD-1 locus and further association studies may help in development of a PCR based genotyping test to select pigs with better immunity.