• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2001

본 논문은 솔잎혹파리 피해임지에서 수목의 외형적인자(수고, 수관폭, 흉고직경, 지하고)와 shigometer를 이용한 전기 저항치 ($k{\Omega}$)의 관계를 조사하였다. 외형적인자와 저항치간의 관계는 수고, 수관폭, 흉고직경은 높은 상관관계가 있었고, 지하고는 뚜렷한 관계가 나타나지 않았다. 수고, 수관폭, 흉고직경은 큰 수목이 전기저항치가 낮았고(수목의 활력이 높음) 작은 수목이 전기저항치가 높았다(수목의 활력이 낮음). 솔잎혹파리 피해임지의 고사목과 생존목을 비교하면 고사목이 생존목에 비하여 수관폭과 흉고직경의 크기는 작았고, 지하고는 높았다. 전기저항치를 3등급으로 구분 한 결과(< $14{\Omega}$, 생존가능성 양호, $14{\sim}20{\Omega}$, > $20k{\Omega}$고사 가능성 있음), 외형적인자의 크기는 낮은등급(< $14{\Omega}$)에서 수고, 수관폭, 흉고직경이 컸으며, 지하고는 낮았다. 조사한 외형적인자와 수세와의 관계를 직선회귀 방정식으로 산출한 결과 Y=-0.572${\times}$수고-1.163${\times}$수관폭-0.242${\times}$흉고직경+0.757${\times}$지하고+25.765이였으며 이들의 회귀식은 5%의 수준에서 유의성이 인정된다.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2005

Marine structures are often in contact with inner or outer fluid as stern, ballast and oil tanks. The effect of interaction between fluid and structure has to be taken into consideration when we estimate the dynamic response of the structure appropriately. Fatigue damages can also be sometimes observed in these tanks which seem to be caused by resonance. Thin walled tank structures in ships which are in contact with water and located near engine or propeller where vibration characteristics are strongly affected by the added mass of containing water. Therefore it is essentially important to estimate the added mass effect to predict vibration characteristics of tank structures. But it is difficult to estimate exactly the magnitude of the added mass because this is a fluid-structure interaction problem and is affected by the free surface, vibration modes of structural panels and the depth of water. I have developed a numerical tool of vibration analysis of 3-dimensional tank structure using finite elements for plates and boundary elements for fluid region. In the present study, the effect of added mass of containing water, the effect of structural constraint between panels on the vibration characteristics are investigated numerically and discussed. Especially a natural frequencies by the fluid interaction between 2 panels and a breath mode of the water tank are focused on.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 하계학술대회 논문집 G
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• pp.3265-3267
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• 1999

Capacitance-type alcohol gas sensors using porous silicon (PS) layer as sensitive film were fabricated to measure low alcohol gas concentration. Though sensors using porous silicon layer have show high sensitivity by large internal surface area, there is still much room for improvement to measure low breath alcohol concentration especially at room temperature. In this work, to discuss the response properties against exposure to organic vapor for breath alcohol measurements on the basis of experimental results. we measured the variation of the capacitance for the range of 0 to 0.5% alcohol concentration, and observed the improvement of sensitivity by illumination of UV light. In addition, the effect of CO2 and N2 gases involved commonly in exhaling breath was estimated, and the same procedure against methanol vapor was executed to compare qualitatively with the capacitance characteristics by alcohol vapor.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• 제18권E4호
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• pp.181-190
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• 2002

A novel portable device for the direct measurement of alveolar breath carbon monoxide (CO) was developed. The major components of the device include a mouthpiece, non-rebreathing two-way valve, Teflon tube, and CO dosimeter. An alveolar CO measurement can be completed within 1.5 min when using the proposed device and measurement protocol. Measurements could be read to the nearest 0.1 ppm. Humidity did not influence the CO measurements taken by the CO dosimeter, plus there were no problems associated with the recovery and carryover of CO through the device. The criterion for significance in statistical analyses was p< 0.05. The average recovery was 103 and 99% for recovery and carryover experiments, respectively. Test results using the proposed alveolar CO measurement system reflected a good reproducibility. This reproducibility was also supported by the finding that the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of the data sets were less than 7％ for the loss experiment and less than 8% for the carryover experiment. Consequently, it would appear that the proposed device can be effectively applied to measure CO levels found in breath, thereby overcoming several disadvantages associated with the conventional bag and adsorbent tube sampling methods.

• 센서학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.300-304
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• 2011

Exhaled breath gases include gases generated in the body. When there is disease in the body, exhalation can include gas components from the disease. If we can find these specific elements through analysis of the exhalation gases, this can be an effective way to diagnose the disease. The lung has a close relationship with exhalation. Lung cancer refers to malignant tumors which originate in the lungs. Exhalation from the lung causes direct jets of gas to be ejected through the mouth and nose, so by analyzing these jets it may be possible to diagnose lung cancer. In our study we attempt to diagnose lung cancer from patient's exhaled gases. Exhalation of lung cancer patients was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy(GC-MS) and the expiratory gas was also measured using a sensor system. The system was designed to use a metal oxide sensor and solid phase micro extraction(SPME) fiber. The GC-MS analysis of the healthy subject's and cancer patient's exhalation gases both showed the presence of decane in the breath of patients with lung cancer. In addition, the results from the sensor system showed significant difference between the lung cancer patients and the healthy subjects.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.231-237
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study to provide preliminary data to effective halitosis control. Methods : A survey was carried out the self-perception of causative factors of halitosis in 98 female college students in Chungnam province. In addition, the levels of oral gas and breath gas were measured by use of the B&B checker, and an analysis was made of the correlation between halitosis and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Results : 1. Subjective halitosis awareness degree different degree of dryness, 'None', 'some', 'little' people who feel as the 'little fly' (68%), 78.3%, 70% was higher (p<0.05), halitosis interest 'very worried', 'worry', 'normal' person with a' not at all 'to 58.3% higher (p<0.01). 2. In regard to OCD severity, 49.0%, 34.7% and 16.3% were found to be mild, moderate and severe respectively. Halitosis tended to be severe in proportion to OCD severity, which was statistically significant (p<0.05). 3. Oral gas had a positively correlation with breath gas (r=0.329, p<0.01), but had a negative one with OCD severity (r=0.204, p<0.05). Conclusions : Symptoms of oral dryness and halitosis interest were associated with self-perception of halitosis. The levels of oral gas and breath gas were in inverse proportion to OCD severity. Hereat, it needs to analyze psychogenic factors properly as regards the diagnosis or treatment of halitosis.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.137-143
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• 2019

The aim of this study was analyzed the setup error of breast cancer patients in intensity modulated radiation therapy(IMRT) with deep inspiration breath holding(DIBH) and was analyzed the dose distribution due to setup error. A total of 45 breast cancer cases were performed a retrospective clinical analysis of setup error. In addition, the re-treatment planning was carried by shifting the setup error from the isocenter at the treatment. Based on this, the dose distribution of PTV and OARs was compared and analyzed. The 3D error for small breast group and medium breast group and large breast group were 3.1 mm and 3.7 mm and 4.1 mm, respectively. The difference between the groups was statistically significant(P=0.003). DVH results showed HI, CI for the PTV difference between standard treatment plan and re-treatment plan of 14.4%, 4%. The difference in $D_5$ and $V_{20}$ of the ipsilateral lung was 5.6%, 13% respectively. The difference in $D_5$ and $V_5$ of the heart of right breast cancer patients was 6.8%, 8% respectively. The difference in $D_5$, $V_{20}$ of the heart of left breast cancer patients was 7.2%, 23.5% respectively. In this study, there was a significant association between breast size and significant setup error in breast cancer patients with DIBH. In addition, it was found that the dose distribution of the PTV and OARs varied according to the setup error.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제33권
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• pp.287-307
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• 2013

One cat caused a big wave in Russian literature. This cat revived the heroine of Russian classics. Her light breath was scattered in the world, in the cloudy sky and in the cold spring wind about one hundred years ago. And the cat gave an opportunity of turning to Russian classics to Russian readers. Thanks to this cat, a Russian dreamer changed his typical thinking, as well as many ordinary readers start to read works of creator of this wonderful cat. Pelevin accomplished these works with one cat, which he has made. Of course "Nika" is not only caused to make readers to return to Russian classics. I think, the cat and "Nika" are the symbols of writer's purpose in Russian literature. In this study the understanding of "Nika" is following the steps of realization of writer's purpose. In the second chapter it is analyzed to the textual relationship between "Nika" and "Light breath". Apart from existing analyses to be emphasized the succession of thematic aspect of two works as well. Existence of observers to each heroine stress this succession of thematic aspect of two works. In the third chapter it is analyzed the use of technique of mystification in "Nika". This intentional use of mystification has been demanded to read a "Nika" from another point of view(internal speculation of hero-narrator). The purpose of writer was to expose the cognitive error of a human being. I think this purpose was effectively explained by Pelevin's Buddhist world view which was introduced in his several works.

• 대한치위생과학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to establish an effective strategy for smoking cessation programs of adult by examining the relationship between smoking and oral characteristics in 166 men in their 20s in Ulsan and Busan. As a result, there was a difference in dental fear (χ²=4.72, p<0.01), tooth stain (χ²=10.22, p<0.01) and others perception of bad breath (χ²=7.35, p<0.01). Smokers had 2.03 times more dental fear, 3.26 times more tooth stain, and 2.51 times more other perception of bad breath higher than non smokers. Therefore, effective smoking cessation education should be continuously operated in order to prevent 20-year-old men from leading to lifetime smoking.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.62-67
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• 2002

목적: 국내 소아에서 유당 흡수장애 유병률이 변화하는 연령을 파악하고 생리적 용량의 db당부하 호기 수소검사 시 유병률을 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 1998년 5월부터 1998년 8월까지 서울의 초등학교 및 유치원 한 곳, 어린이집 두 곳의 건강한 소아를 대상으로 표준 유당부하 호기내 수소검사는 생후 25개월에서 96개월까지 총 129명(남아 75명, 여아 52명), 생리적 용량의 유당부하 호기내 수소검사는 생후 25개월에서 84개월까지 총 126명(남아 72명, 여아 51명)에서 시행하였다. 호기 검체는 공복시 기저치, 유당부하 60분, 120분 후에 각각 수집하여 Model 12i Microlyzer (Quintron, USA)를 이용하여 분석하였다. 결과: 1) 표준 유당부하 호기내 수소검사에서 유당 흡수장애의 유병률은 생후 25~36개월에서 7%, 생후 37~48개월에서 19%, 생후 49~60개월에서 35%, 생후 61~72개월에서 55%, 생후 73~84개월에서 82%, 생후 84~96개월에서 80%였다. 2) 표준 유당부하 호기내 수소검사에서 유당불 내성의 유병률은 생후 25~36개월에서 0%, 생후 37~48개월에서 9%, 생후 49~60개월에서 17%, 생후 61~72개월에서 22%, 생후 73~84개월에서 41%, 생후 84~96개월에서 70%였다. 3) 생리적 용량의 유당부하 호기내 수소검사에서 생후 25개월부터 84개월까지 총 126명의 소아중 한 명에서만 유당 흡수장애를 보였으며 유당불 내성은 한명도 없었다. 결론: 한국인 소아의 유당 흡수장애 유병률은 생후 37개월부터 60 개월에 증가하며 생후 72개월 이후에는 성인의 유병률에 도달하게 된다. 유당 흡수장애군에서도 생리적 용량의 유당을 포함한 우유의 섭취는 임상적으로 문제가 되지 않음을 확인할 수 있었다.