• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.24-27
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• 2010

Purpose: Early diagnosis of breast is of the utmost importance to improve prognosis. We have a limitation for mammography and sonography detecting small cancer. Clinical importance of Breast Specific Gamma Imaging (BSGI) has improved for that reason. So We studied performance evaluation test of count rate and resolution with high sensitivity to the low dose of BSGI. Materials and Methods: BSGI of Dilon 6800, point source of $^{99m}Tc$ from 1.85~148 MBq (0.05~4 mCi) at the intervals of 1.85~37 MBq (0.05~1 mCi) was used for the test. Performance evaluation method was performed for measuring deadtime for choosing at the 5 different point in the useful field of view (UFOV), acquired image for 60 seconds. Compared with reference of clinical uptake distribution of breast, activity increased according to the distance change 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 mm in the useful field of view. Results: Counting curve increased according to the activity from 1.85 MBq (0.05 mCi) to the 74 MBq (2 mCi), and it change flat shape over 74 MBq (2 mCi). The variation of the full width of half maximum (FWHM) to the distance is 4.05, 4.73, 5.77, 6.90, 8.00, 9.32 mm in 1.85 MBq (0.05 mCi), 4.30, 4.80, 5.90, 7.00, 8.10, 9.07 mm in 3.7 MBq (0.1 mCi), 4.90, 5.60, 6.20, 7.20, 8.20, 9.10 mm in 5.55 MBq (0.15 mCi), 5.30, 6.10, 6.60, 7.00, 7.90, 8.70 mm in 7.40 MBq (0.2 mCi). Conclusion: Distortions of image would be acquired because of the deadtime in BSGI. We found out the fact that specification of $^{99m}Tc$ reaction under 74 MBq (2 mCi) for BSGI. Second, FWHM distribution change from varied distance from the detector, clearly distinguished the location of the lesion.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.157-165
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• 1998

In Koryo Dynasty Pyonbokpo(便服抱) was worn by both sexes. There were four styles that was Yosunchollic, Dappo, Pol, Poll, of the men's Pyonbokpo(便服抱). Double breast style (重据形) was used for the adjustments of these clothes. Neckline and he-m line were substituted by rectangular collar (목판깃). The width and length of sleeves in Yosunch-ollic was tighter and shorter as general Po. Coat-string (Okgolum), side slit were used. Feminine Pyonbokpo (便服抱) had usually same style of men's one. There was one was back longer than front length. They wore it with or without a belt. Knot-button, Coat-string (Okgolum), White straight collar (DongJung), side slit were used.

• Plant Resources
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.214-223
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• 2002

The objective of this study was to understand the conservation of gene resources and provide information for mass selection' of winter bud characters among the selected populations of Kalopanax septemlobus Koidz using analysis of variance(ANOVA) tests. The obtained results are shown below; 1. Ten populations of K. septemlobus were selected for the study of the variation of winter bud characters in Korea. The results of the analysis of variance(ANOVA) tests shows that there were statistically significant differences in all of the winter bud characters among those populations. 2. Correlation analysis shows that width between Height and DBH(Diameter at breast height) characters have negative relationship with all of the characters, as ABL(Apical branch length), ABW(Apical branch width), AWBL(Apical branch winter bud length), AWBW(Apical branch winter bud width), ABT(Apical branch No. of thorns), ABLB(Apical branch No. of lateral bud) and LBL(Lateral branch length), LBW(Lateral branch width), LBT(Lateral branch No. of thorns), LBLB(Lateral branch No. of lateral bud). 3. The result of principal component analysis(PCA) for winter buds showed that the first principal components(PC' s) to the fourth principal component explains about 78% of the total variation. The first principal component(PC) was correlated with AWBW, LWBW, and LBL and the ratio of ABL/ABW and LBL/LBW out of 16 winter bud characters. The second principal component correlated with ABL, ABW, ABLB, LWBL(Lateral branch winter bud length), and LBW and the ratio of AWBL/AWBW. The third principal component correlated with ABL, ABW, LWBL, LBL, and the ratio of LBL/LBW. The fourth principal component correlated with LBL and the ratio of LWBL/LWBW(Lateral branch winter bud width), LBL/LBW. Therefore, these characters were important to analysis of the variation for winter bud characters among selected populations of K. septemlobus in Korea. 4. Cluster analysis using the average linkage method based on 10 selected populations for the 16 winter bud characters of K. septemlobus in Korea showed a clustering into two groups by level of distance 1.1(Fig. 3). As can be seen in Fig. 3, Group I consisted of three areas(Mt. Sori, Mt. Balwang and Mt. Worak) and Group Ⅱ contisted of seven areas(Suwon, Mt. Chuwang, Mt. Kyeryong, Mt. Kaji, Mt. Jiri, Muan, and Mt. Halla). The result of cluster analysis for winter bud characters corresponded well with principal component analysis, as is shown in Fig. 2.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.107-123
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• 2008

The purpose of this research is to compare and analyze the brassiere patterns sold in Shanghai and Korea and to present basic materials needed in developing the brassiere patterns in Chinese adult women market. The study subject which is to find the difference in brassiere patterns of Korea and China has been selected of 3 Korean brands and 4 Chinese brands. 1. For the brassiere patterns sold in Korea, it were using the same size for the width of Hook&Eye, space between the shoulder lace on the back, slope of wing and the location of the Keeper was similar. 2. For the cup supporting base, Chinese brassiere covers the lower part of the breast and as it is not comfortable and has a phenomenon of loosening up, there were severe puckering. For issues in the wearing experiment, amendments in patterns with the cup part was required. 3. Chinese brassieres were big differences in wing angles and for Aimer, it had the steepest trend in wings and thus the wings headed down and for Gujin, as the angle of the wing was smaller than $90^{\circ}$, it was heading upward. 4. Upon comparing the patterns of the Korean and Chinese brassiere, although most of the sizes excluding the wing angle had similar sizes, there was big differences in the wing angle. The reason why the brassiere patterns sold in China had bigger wing angle was due to the fact that more Chinese women had sway back body type than the Korean women and should reflect such difference in body size into making the brassiere patterns for each women.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.8
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• pp.137-154
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• 2001

This study was made to draft the tight fitting bodice pattern which horizontal and perpendicular stands are to be lightly set, with the consideration of characteristics of body shape in design of clothes. Measurement of body was conducted on 53 women in twenties, and observation was made on surface development pattern by adhesive tape addition method and gypsum method on three standard objects. In the study, bodice pattern was completed by using already made Somato- measurer, compared with existing bodice pattern, and the results are as follows. The result of the correlation analysis by body measurement shows that chest circumference has a relation to B$.$P-front neck point, side neck point, shoulder point, front interscye breadth point, and the item in spine scapulae point has relation to the item of back neck line, and front & back horizontal values. The degree of shoulder slant, width of armhole and of its depth, the amount of breast, back space, back length were shown to be directly measured from the body. In surface development pattern, tight-fit bodice pattern necessary to the breast volume and back space were shown to be investigated and these volume have to be given in setting up basic line for clothes design together with body measurement value. The result of sensory evaluation for appearance test on fitness shows higher value of research bodice including line of shoulder line, front and back interscye breadth, chest circumference, waist circumference, armhole circumference and of its depth, compared with the research bodice in most items. The result of this study is seen showing high effectiveness for the basic data to design the ready-made dress of high sensitivity of high value added tat.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.63 no.6
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• pp.56-68
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• 2013

A purpose of this study is to do fundamental research of construction of coat patterns in the Daehan Empire in order to make replicas of the costumes. This study is composed of literature research, investigation of artifacts, and experiment of pattern making. The results of this study are as follows. First, even if the 15th Court Dress Rules regulated color, fabric, number of flower, width of braid, and size of button, there was no regulation regarding the shape of the coat. The analysis of the photos in those periods shows that the style of the tailcoat was different from that of today in the length of the front, the shape of breast and collar. Second, six artifacts in the collection showed that the shoulder line and the sideline were located on the further rear side than the current tailcoat. This can be confirmed in the western and Japanese pattern book, and especially the pattern drafting method in the books published in Japan in 1900s is different from current one in setting base lines of front bodice and back bodice. As a result, based on several experiments, this study proposes how to make coat patterns. The shoulder line, the sideline, and the princess line should be located in the back of the dress similar to the shape of swallowtail coats of 1900s. The front bodice should be constructed without the composition line in order to add embroidery on it. The collar, which shape looks like long half moon, should form V-shape neckline in the front breast when adjusting dress. The sleeves should be constructed top and down, and it should curve more than the modern design.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.117-130
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• 2000

The purpose of this thesis is to offer basic data for clothing design which is intended to apply appropriate shape and capacity to clothes. The following are the analyzed results of an investigation which was conducted to characterize the upper half of the female body of 193 women whose ages are 18 to 25, taking part in this investigation. According to the results of analyzing young women's bust, I came to find a large individual difference of the wide varying factor numbers at the items of the side feature, the body stance, and the dart quantity. For the analysis of the female's upper body, 11 factors are used. The are as follows: Factor 1. width of the bust Factor 2. height of the bust and length of the arm Factor 3. side thickness of the bust and the upside type Factor 4. length of the bust on the front Factor 5. length of the bust on the back Factor 6. salient ratio of the breast Factor 7. width of the neck. the armhole, and measurement of the droop Factor 8. length of the shoulder Factor 9. flat ratio of the bust Factor 10. inclination of the shoulder factor 11. form of the back The shape of young women's upper bodies can be divided into four groups. The character ization of each group are as follows : Group 1 . 28.5% of the women who take part in this investigation belong to Group 1 These women have the shortest body, with a longer length of the front than the back and more thickness on the front than the back. Group 2. 21.1% of the women who take part in this investigation belong to this group. They show a longer length of the back and more thickness of the back than the front. In addition, this group is bent forward. Group 3. This group is the mast common type, showing the shortest and thickest character. 37.8% of the women who take part in this investigation have this bust character Group 4. 12.4% of the women belong to Group 4. They possess the highest and fattest character, skewing smaller necks, armholes, and waists than the other groups. This group also shows the drooping shoulders.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.437-447
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• 2010

This study compares by gender the preference about ideal female height and body parts. Data was collected through a survey of 203 males and 236 females. The results are as follows: Males and females prefer 161~165cm as the ideal female height and 176~180cm as the ideal male height. In regards to the ideal height difference between couples, both males and females prefer males to be taller, with the head of the female at the same height as the neck of the male. Males and females prefer the shorter height than the ideal height of a fashion model and Miss Korea who got the prize from the korean beauty contest. In the case of Miss Korea, there has been a demand for tall women to participate in world beauty contests. However, this study shows that young people prefer a shorter height than the society expects. Males and females think the shoulder width is ideal when it is 2 times wider than the width of a face in regards to the preference of the ideal female body parts. There is a difference between males and females in the ideal breast size. Males prefer C-cup size while females prefer B-cup size. The ideal size of waist preferred is between 60~65cm to both males and females. The ideal shape of legs preferred to both males and females is a slightly muscular shape.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.56 no.3 s.102
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• pp.107-115
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• 2006

This study is aimed to personally measure the body of physically handicapped women and compare the measurements to the results of the fifth project to investigate the measurements of the body of Koreans, identity the differences in the measurements in accordance with the subjects' handicap types and age, and find the characteristics of their physical figures, with a view to propose basic data for developing clothes suitable to the body of physically handicapped people. The findings of this study are summarized in the following: 1. There were significant differences in the measurements of the subjects' shoulder width, breast circumference, waist circumference, hip circumference, armpit circumference, left and right upper arms' circumference, length between front walls of the armpit, and length between back walls of the armpit after the subjects' handicap types were classified into paralysis of the lower half of the body, cerebral apoplexy, cerebral palsy, and amputation and the differences in the subjects' bodily measurements were compared and analyzed. 2. The shoulder width gradually increased for those in their 50s or younger while that of those in 60s or older is almost the same as that of those in their 30s. The waist circumference gradually increased in all the subjects. As a result, the present author concludes that the body of physically handicapped women increases the same way as the body of ordinary adult women does in its circumferential measurements as the subjects grow older.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.641-647
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• 2004

The research is focused on relationship between body fat percentage and physical characteristics of women in age group between 20s and 30s who experience great deal of physical change such as marriage, pregnancy, delivery, breast-feeding, and etc. The research used physical measurement of two hundreds women: 50 women in their early twenties, 50 women in their late twenties, 50 women in their early thirties, and 50 women in their late thirties. The research provides base data for women clothing industry by observing relationship between physical figure and body fat percentage rate based on obesity study on body fat percentage, physical BMI, R$\ddot{o}$hrer Index, and Vervaeck Index. Followings are conclusion of the research. The older the ages, the shorter the height and the heavier the weight. Recognizable differences in circumference, thickness, and width rather than in length are found. Also recognizable increases in average body fat percentage and average physical characteristics by age have found. By observing body fat percentage and physical measurements, it was revealed that weight has more effect on body fat percentage than height in all ages. Circumference, width, and thickness have more impact than length measurements among physical measurements. Main body or upper body has more impact than legs and arms or lower body. Body fat percentage increase rapidly by ages. 2.0% of age 20~24, 20.0% of age 25~29, 28.0% of age 30~34, and 54.0% of age 35~39 were sorted as obesity.