• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권sup3호
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• pp.317-321
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• 2016

Detection of micrometastasis in sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) is a very useful tool for appropriate assessment of the clinical stage of disease in breast cancer patients. Early identification of clinically relevant disease could lead to early treatment or staging approaches for breast cancer patient. Micrometastases in SLNs of women with invasive breast cancer are of great significance in this context. In this study we examined SLN biopsies considered to have small numbers of cancerous cells by real time RT-PCR. All of the samples underwent immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratin for confirmation of the presence or absence of micrometastases. BUB1b expression assay of selected patients with and without metastasis showed overexpression in the former, but not in normal breast and lymph node tissue. Our results may be taken into account in the discussion about the merits of routine use of molecular assessment in pathogenetic studies of SLNs.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권14호
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• pp.5517-5522
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• 2014

Oral contraceptive use is the most common type of contraception. More than 300 million women worldwide take oral contraceptives every day. However, there is a concern about the relationship with the incidence of cancer. This analytical retrospective study aimed to investigate the relationship between the incidence of cervical and breast cancers and oral contraceptive use in 128 Iranian patients with cervical cancer, 235 with breast cancer and equal numbers of controls. Data were collected through interviews with an organized set of questions. Details were also extracted from patient files. Data were analyzed using Student's t-test, chi-square and Fisher's exact tests, and Pearson's correlation analysis. The result revealed correlations between both cervical and breast cancers and history of contraceptive pills use. While cervical cancer significantly correlated with duration of use of pills, breast cancer had significant correlations with the type of oral contraceptive and age at first use. No significant relationships were found between the two types of cancer and age at discontinuation of oral contraceptives, patterns of use, and intervals from the last use. The use of oral contraceptives may triple the incidence of cervical cancer and doubles the incidence of breast cancer. Therefore, performing Pap smears every six months and breast cancer screening are warranted for long-term oral contraceptive users.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.1892-1903
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• 2016

Mobile social network is becoming more and more popular with respect to the development and popularity of mobile devices and interpersonal sociality. As the amount of social data increases in a great deal and cloud computing techniques become developed, the architecture of mobile social network is evolved into cloud-based that mobile clients send data to the cloud and make data accessible from clients. The data in the cloud should be stored in a secure fashion to protect user privacy and restrict data sharing defined by users. Ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE) is currently considered to be a promising security solution for cloud-based mobile social network to encrypt the sensitive data. However, its ciphertext size and decryption time grow linearly with the attribute numbers in the access structure. In order to reduce the computing overhead held by the mobile devices, in this paper we propose a new Outsourcing decryption and Match-then-decrypt CP-ABE algorithm (OM-CP-ABE) which firstly outsources the computation-intensive bilinear pairing operations to a proxy, and secondly performs the decryption test on the attributes set matching access policy in ciphertexts. The experimental performance assessments show the security strength and efficiency of the proposed solution in terms of computation, communication, and storage. Also, our construction is proven to be replayable choosen-ciphertext attacks (RCCA) secure based on the decisional bilinear Diffie-Hellman (DBDH) assumption in the standard model.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.146-153
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• 1985

개자의 육종적 개량 가능성과 재배적 개선 가능성을 검토하기 위하여 수집된 5개품종들을 파종기를 달리하여 1980~82년 까지 3 개년에 걸쳐 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 공시품종간에 추태기는 제주종, 서울종, 일본종이 빠르고 영산포종과 수원종은 늦은 편이었으며 성숙기는 수원종이 가장 늦었다. 2 . 초장은 수원종이 가장 짧았으나 협당종실수는 가장 많았으며 분지수는 서울종, 영산포종이 많은 반면 입중, 협장 및 $\ell$중에 있어서는 품종간 차이가 인정되지 않았으며 종실수량은 서울종이 248kg/10a로 높았다. 3. 유분함량은 품종간 28.8 ~32.1%의 변이를 보였으며 황갈색종피인 서울종. 영산포종. 제주종이 높은 경향이었고 탈지박중의 Glucosinolate 함량은 전체적으로 높은 경향이었다. 4. 파종기가 지연됨에 따라 추태, 개화가 지연되며 초장, 총 분지수, 수당협수가 감소하는 경향인데 추태는 수원종, 제주종, 일본종이 개화기는 제주종이 초장은 서울종, 제주종이 수당협수에서는 서울종, 수원종. 일본종이 그리고 협당입수에서는 제주종이 민감한 반응을 나타냈다. 5. 파종기 지연에 따른 입중, $\ell$중. 협장 및 유분함량이나 지방산조성 변이는 인정되지 않았다. 6 경노계수 분석 결과 수량에 대한 직접효과가 큰 형질은 총 분지수, 개화기, 수장이었고 간접효과가 큰 형질은 수장을 통한 초장이었던 반면 파종기가 지연됨에 따라 초장이나 수장 보다 개화기나 결실비율의 직접효과가 뚜렷해지는 경향이었다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.42-47
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• 1988

생약식물로서 중약한 위치를 점하고 있는 구기자의 전지정도에 따른 품질 및 수량반응을 구명하기 위하여 1982 ~ '83년 2개년에 걸쳐 "진도재래"를 공시시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 구기자의 개화반응은 맹모 - 황엽 - 낙엽 - 개화의 일련의 단계를 거쳐 개화되었고, 2. 무전지구에 비해 전지구가 간장이 길고 그에 따른 절수도 많았으며 총 유효분지수가 많아 수량에 영향을 주었다. 3. 무전지구에서는 과정이 짧아 과실이 잘고 전지구는 과정이 길고 굵은 충실한 과실이 생산되어 상품가치가 높았다. 4. 10 a 당 수량은 무전지 방치구(76kg)에 비하여 지표면 전지구와 지표면 10 cm 전지구에서 38 ~ 39%의 증수효과가 있어 구기자는 모년 무전하여 재배하는 것이 바람직하다고 사료된다. 5. 구기자 수확회수별 수량은 2회 수확으로 생산량의 85%를 수확할 수 있어 수학노력 절감이 앞으로의 과제라 하겠다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.237-249
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• 2017

The Self-Organization Feature Map as an unsupervised network is very widely used these days in engineering science. The applied network in this paper is the Self Organization Feature Map with constant weights which includes Kohonen Network. In this research, Reinforced Concrete Shear Wall buildings with different stories and heights are analyzed and a database consisting of measured fundamental periods and characteristics of 78 RC SW buildings is created. The input parameters of these buildings include number of stories, height, length, width, whereas the output parameter is the fundamental period. In addition, using Genetic Algorithm, the structure of the Self-Organization Feature Map algorithm is optimized with respect to the numbers of layers, numbers of nodes in hidden layers, type of transfer function and learning. Evaluation of the SOFM model was performed by comparing the obtained values to the measured values and values calculated by expressions given in building codes. Results show that the Self-Organization Feature Map, which is optimized by using Genetic Algorithm, has a higher capacity, flexibility and accuracy in predicting the fundamental period.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.10-13
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• 1999

The bacterial abundance, proportion of respiring bacteria, and bacterial community of southern Lake Baikal were analyzed at 1 m and 400m depths during winter. The total bacterial numbers were 5.1${\times}$105 cells ml-1 at 1 m and 2.5${\times}$105 cells ml-1 at 400 m depth, which are about half and quarter of the numbers of other lakes. The proportion of respiring bacteria was as low as 2.5% at 1 m and 1.4% at 400 m depth. Considering the amount of organic carbon which need to be degraded and low proportion of respiring bacteria, the bacteria could be assumed to have high activities. The EUB/DAPI ratios were 77 and 89% at 1 m and 400 m depths, respectively. Of the bacterial community, the other group was dominant at both depths, and gamma group of protebacteria followed next. But the beta group of proteobacteria and Cytophaga-Flavobacterium groups occupied very small proportions.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.411-431
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• 2013

A computational study of vortex-induced transverse vibrations of a cylinder with low mass-damping is presented. An Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation of the Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations (URANS), along with the Spalart-Allmaras (SA) one-equation turbulence model, are coupled conservatively with rigid body motion equations of the cylinder mounted on elastic supports in order to study the amplitude and frequency response of a freely vibrating cylinder, its flow-induced motion, Vortex Street, near-wake flow structure, and unsteady loading in a moderate range of Reynolds numbers. The time accurate response of the cylinder from rest to its limit cycle is studied to explore the effects of Reynolds number on the start of large displacements, motion amplitude, and frequency. The computational results are compared with published physical experiments and numerical studies. The maximum amplitudes of displacements computed for various Reynolds numbers are smaller than the experimental values; however, the overall agreement of the results is quite satisfactory, and the upper branch of the limit-cycle displacement amplitude vs. reduced velocity response is captured, a feature that was missed by other studies. Vortex shedding modes, lock-in phenomena, frequency response, and phase angles are also in agreement with experiments.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.608-615
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• 2021

Soil moisture control system including soil sensing and automatic water supply chain was constructed on open farmland and pot conditions. Soil moisture was controlled by the system showing over the soil moisture contents except 40% treatment. EC was gradually decreased by increasing cultivation days. On applying this system to control soil moisture, the growth and development characters of the bellflower were improved compared with control, cultivation without the automatic irrigation. Of the growth and development characters, plant height with water treatments was higher than that of control in 1st-year plants. Moreover, numbers of branch were increased by the increased soil moisture on farmland and pot condition. Capsule numbers for seed were best at 20%, 30% soil moisture treatment in 1st-year plants, and 20% to 50% treatment in 2nd-year plants. The construction of automatic soil moisture control system provide fundamental data for plant growth and development on open farmland soil condition.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2010

Species diversity is one of the most important specifications of biological societies. Diversity of organisms, measurement of variety and examination of those hypotheses that are about reasons of diversity are such as affairs that have been desired by the ecologists for a long time. In this research, diversity of plant species in forest region, numbers of 60 sample plots in 256.00 square meters have been considered in random - systematic inventory was considered. In each sample plot, four micro-plots in 2.25 square meters in order to study on herbal cover, were executed that totally 240 micro-plots were considered. At each plot six diversity indices in relation to physiographic factors (slope, geographical aspect and altitude from the sea level) were studied. The results indicate that species diversity is more in the northern direction and also species diversity in slops less than 30% has the most amounts. Factor of altitude from the sea level did not have meaningful relation with species diversity. Through study on correlation of the numbers of species in sample plots with indices and also process and role of indices in different processors of analysis, Simpson's reciprocal index was suggested as suitable index in this type of studies.