• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제82권4호
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• pp.406-419
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• 1993

천연 활엽수림은 그 경제적, 조림학적 중요성에도 불구하고 아직 우리나라에서는 그에 대한 시업체계가 확립되어 있지 않아, 본 연구에서는 임목의 보육체계 확립을 위한 연구의 일환으로 가지치기 기술 개선에 있어 보다 명확한 기초자료를 얻기 위해, 굴참나무 천연림의 수관구조 및 물질생산구조를 해석하고 그 자료를 기초로 이에 대한 가지치기 방법을 검토하였던바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 먼저 가지의 착지부위 즉, 지하고는 수고 및 직경과의 관계에서 직접적인 영향을 나타내지 않았고, 지하고의 높이는 거의 비슷한 높이에서 분포하고 있었다. 그리고 엽량의 최대층과 가지량의 최대층은 거의 같은 층에 분포하고 있었으며 가지 성장량의 최대층은 이보다 상부에 나타나고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 옹이 없는 간재 생산에 대한 가지의 공헌도는 하층부에서 상층부로 갈수록 높게 나타났다. 그리고 실제 가지치기에 대한 응용 지표를 찾기 위한 방법으로 먼저 가지의 착엽 부위와 미 착엽 부위와의 비율을 수관의 형태적 지표로 삼아 적용하는 방법 모색과, 수관의 길이를 기준으로 일정한 지하고에서 가지치기를 행하는 방법에 관해 검토하고 이에따른 수관의 각 기관에 대한 제거율 등을 구하였다.

• 중소기업융합학회논문지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2014

이 논문에서는 노드 당 소비 전력의 균형을 달성하기 위해 네트워크 수명의 최적 경로 탐색 과정을 달성하기 위한 효율적인 라우팅 프로토콜을 제안한다. 제안 프로토콜은 각 중간 노드가 전력 레벨 및 자식 노드의 분기 수를 유지하고 노드에 가장 가까운 이웃 노드로 데이터를 전송한다. 제안 프로토콜은 클러스터내에 존재하는 싱크의 수명을 연장시키기 위해서 각 노드의 에너지 소비를 최소화 한다. 또한, 제안 프로토콜은 노드의 잔류 에너지와 기지국과의 거리를 기준으로 인접한 중계 노드를 선택한다. 실험 결과, 제안 프로토콜은 기존 프로토콜에 비해 네트워크 내 잔존하는 노드들의 수명을 7.5 % 의 높였다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.391-413
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• 1994

The northernmost type of the monogolian oak forests in the Russian Far East was studied in terma of syntaxonomy and synchorology. Hand-sorting method, computer program TWIN-SPAN, CANOCO and SYN-TAX III were engaged for the classification and data analysis. Correlation between plant communitie and environmental factors was analyzed by DCA (Detrended Correspondence Analysis) using NeCD (Net Contribution Degree) of species. Three plant communities were recognized: the Abieti holophyllae-Quercetum mongolicae, the Lespedezo-quercetum mongolicas and the Rosa ussuriensis-Quercus mongolica communit. They were included into the alliance Jeffersonio-Quercion monogolicae which is representative to the cool-Temperate forests mixed by conierous and broadleaved trees in southern Sikhote Alin. Human impact was signified as the most important factor to interpret the disjunction of plant communities of which DCA ordination yielded sharp contrasting objects (i.e. stands and species). In the amhi-Tonghae region, alaogous vegetation types such as the Jeffersonio-Quercion monogolicae of Russian Far East, the Quercion grosseserratae of Japanese Hokkaido and the Pino koraiensis-Quercion monogolicae of Koream peninusula were reviewed in terms of similarity of species composition and stratum structure. It is signified that the Jeffersonio-Quercion monogolicae was one of the continental types more similar to Korean alliance that to Japanese one.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.299-301
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• 1998

Stellate ganglion block is frequently effective on the pain of head and upper extremities. However, if the degree and duration of pain relief does not increase with repeated blocks, we may consider the neurolytic procedure on the stellate ganglion. A patient sufferring from the pain in the region of ophthalmic branch of left trigeminal nerve and left eyeball region had been treated with stellate ganglion block. In spite of repeated blocks, the degree and duration of pain relief did not increase. We performed the radiofrequency thermocoagulation of stellate ganglion at the operation room under fluoroscopy. Patient got pain relief immediately after the procedure without any remarkable complication except a mild ptosis, which was shown before the procedure. We may give priority to radiofrequency thermocoagulation for stellate ganglion neurolysis due to its simplicity and safty.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.190-194
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• 1993

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of concentrated sulfate on the germination rate, growth rate and the productivity of weight of kudzu (Pueraria thwnbergiana Bentham). The germination rate of kudzu seed by one or two treatment retreatment with the concentrated sulfate for minutes of 5. 10, 15 and 20 were determined respectively. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. In the time of concentrated sulfate treatment, the germination rate was the highest in the once treatment for 20 minute. and the retreatment was higher than the once treatment in the germination rate. 2. The changes of plant length by growth stage was grown gradually until for 60 day and rapidly after for 60 day. The growth rate was the highest in treatment for 15 minute than in other treatments. 3. The stem diameter. stem weight. fresh weight and root weight by the treatment with sulfate 15 minute as the treatment with once were high degree of productivity. 4. The number of branch. number of nodes and root weight by the growth stage were higher growth rate before for 90 day than after for 90 day, however stem weight and fresh weight were high degree of productivity after for 60 day.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2021

This study aims to optimize the DL-EPR test solution for duplex stainless steel S31083 using the Taguchi design. The test solution parameters applied to the Taguchi design are H₂SO₄, NaCl, KSCN concentration, and temperature. In the experimental design, an orthogonal array of 4 levels 4 factor L₁₆(4⁴) was used. Output values for the orthogonal array were used for resolution (degree of sensitization) and selective etch (I_a) values. The optimal test solution conditions were selected by comparing the normalized S/N ratio for the two reaction properties. As a result, the H₂SO₄ and NaCl were identified as the main factors influencing the sensitivity measurement, but the delta statistics showed that the KSCN concentration and temperature had relatively low influence. The optimal condition was identified as 1.5 M H₂SO₄+0.03 M KSCN+1.5M NaCl at 30 ℃. The degree of sensitization presented a tendency to depend on the heat treatment temperature and time in the optimal test solution. This investigation confirmed the possibility of optimizing the experiment solution for the DL-EPR test of stainless steel using the Taguchi technique.

• 지역연구
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.123-147
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• 1990

This paper examines the changing geography of producer service industries in the 1980s. The foci of this study are to analyze the regional distribution of each producer services, and to reveal the spatial linkage of producer services. Further this paper asserts the potential role of producer services for reducing the potential endogenous development in the periphery. During the 1981-86 period, producer service industries grew more rapidly than other service sectors and manufacturing sector. The main reason of the raid growth of producer services is attributable to an increase in demand for intermediate services from manufacturing firms. In order to compete an increasingly complex business environment, firms have expanded the amount of effort devoted to activities such as planning, coordination and control, and consequently have increased their use of producer services. The most distinctive feature of the location of producer services is spatial concentration into Seoul and surrounding region. Especially the degree of the concentration o business services into the Capital Region has been accelerating during the 1990s. The pattern of employment growth and regional distribution of producer services show a clear core / periphery disparity. Much of the regional inequality in producer services is largely due to variation in demand associated with the pattern of corporation headquarters with the pattern of corporation headquarters and branch plants location with large manufacturing firms. The analysis of spatial division of labor reflects that producer services are related to the location of headquarters in manufacturing industry. Headquarters in manufacturing firms and business service firms tend to cluster each other. Most of the headquarters spatially separated from branch offices are clustered heavily in Seoul. Especially headquarters of business services and insurance services are overwhelmingly concentrated into Seoul. The firms whose headquarters are located in Seoul have a linkage pattern on a nationwide scale. It is viewed have little potential for generating local multiplier effects and regional development. In the light of the result of this study, producer services are not likely to disperse soon to peripheral regions. Consequently the absence of policies directed at enhancing producer sevice in the periphery, concentration tendency would continue to reinforce the core's dominance at the expense of peripheral regions. From a regional perspective, the quality of a region's producer service sector is a key determinant of economic growth, since manu industrial location decisions are influenced by the differential availability of producer services among regions. Poor performance of producer services in peripheral regions seemed to be linked to the region's manufacturing base. Low-wage, standardized branch plants are not likely to induce the growth in knowledge intensive services associated with high-technology corporate headquarters. Producer services may help to create and attract new business including manufacturing firms, and also to enhance the productivity and competitiveness of local firms. Therefore the provision of service producing activities would be lead not only to generate and retain endogenous development but also to attract external firms, especially small and medium sized firms which have a lower propensity of internalized services. Hence, it may be more efficient to create and expanse new locally owned producer services rather than to attract branch plants of mult-locational firms in order to make indigenous economic development.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.216-222
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• 2005

복숭아나무 전정 과정에서 발생하는 부산물인 절지의 천연염료로서 이용성을 조사하였다. 복숭아 가지 추출물로 견과 면직물을 염색한 결과 견직물의 표면색은 매염제에 따른 차이가 있는 가운데 무염색포에 비해 색차(${\Delta}$값)가 11.63에서 30.86까지 나타났다. 면직물은 무매염시 17.71에서 황산철 매염시 40.41로 견직물 보다 염색성이 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 매염제에 따라서는 소석회와 가성소다 매염시 a값이 높게 나타났으며, 황산구리와 명반, 식초 매염시는 b값이 높게 나타났다. 세탁을 3회 실시한 뒤 표면색을 조사한 결과 매염제에 따른 차이는 다소 있었으나 전체적으로 무염색구와의 사이에 색차가 줄어든 것으로 나타나 세탁 견뢰도는 다소 약한 것으로 나타났다. pH가 다른 수세액에 의한 수세 및 일광처리 후 표면색의 변화를 조사한 결과처리 전후간에 차이가 적어 pH에 대한 견뢰도 및 일광 견뢰도는 비교적 좋은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2005

복숭아나무 전정 과정에서 발생하는 부산물인 절지의 천연염료로서 이용성을 조사하였다. 복숭아 가지 추출물로 견과 면직물을 염색한 결과 견직물의 표면색은 매염제에 따른 차이가 있는 가운데 무염색 포에 비해 색차(${\Delta}E$값)가 11.63에서 30.86까지 나타났다. 면직물은 무매염시 17.71에서 황산철 매염시 40.41로 견직물 보다 염색성이 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 매염제에 따라서는 소석회와 가성소다 매염시 a값이 높게 나타났으며, 황산구리와 명반, 식초 매염시는 b값이 높게 나타났다. 세탁을 3회 실시한 뒤 표면색을 조사한 결과 매염제에 따른 차이는 다소 있었으나 전체적으로 무염색구와의 사이에 색차가 줄어든 것으로 나타나 세탁 견뢰도는 다소 약한 것으로 나타났다. pH가 다른 수세액에 의한 수세 및 일광 처리 후 표면색의 변화를 조사한 결과 처리 전후간에 차이가 적어 pH에 대한 견뢰도 및 일광 견뢰도는 비교적 좋은 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.32-39
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• 2008

This paper reports on a realtime OS based master-slave configuration robot control system for laparoscopic surgery robot which enables telesurgery and overcomes shortcomings with conventional laparoscopic surgery. Surgery robot system requires control system that can process large volume information such as medical image data and video signal from endoscope in real-time manner, as well as precisely control the robot with high reliability. To meet the complex requirements, the use of high-level real-time OS (Operating System) in surgery robot controller is a must, which is as common as in many of modem robot controllers that adopt real-time OS as a base system software on which specific functional modules are implemened for more reliable and stable system. The control system consists of joint controllers, host controllers, and user interface units. The robot features a compact slave robot with 5 DOF (Degree-Of-Freedom) expanding the workspace of each tool and increasing the number of tools operating simultaneously. Each master, slave and Gill (Graphical User Interface) host runs a dedicated RTOS (Real-time OS), RTLinux-Pro (FSMLabs Inc., U.S.A.) on which functional modules such as motion control, communication, video signal integration and etc, are implemented, and all the hosts are in a gigabit Ethernet network for inter-host communication. Each master and slave controller set has a dedicated CAN (Controller Area Network) channel for control and monitoring signal communication with the joint controllers. Total 4 pairs of the master/slave manipulators as current are controlled by one host controller. The system showed satisfactory performance in both position control precision and master-slave motion synchronization in both bench test and animal experiment, and is now under further development for better safety and control fidelity for clinically applicable prototype.