• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.233-240
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• 2015

Although the effects of the rice bran have recently been investigated, there is no information regarding platelet physiology available. However, it is well known that fermented natural plants have a beneficial effect on cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate whether fermented rice bran extract (FRBE) with several plants (Artemisia princeps, Angelica Gigantis Radix, Cnidium officinale, and Camellia sinensis) affected agonist-induced platelet aggregation, and if so, what the underlying mechanism of its activity was. We performed several experiments, including in vitro platelet aggregation, intracellular calcium concentration and adenosine triphosphate release. In addition, the activation of integrin ${\alpha}_{II}b{\beta}3$ was determined using fibrinogen binding. Thrombus formation was also evaluated in vivo using an arterio-venous shunt model. The FRBE inhibited collagen-induced platelet aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner. FRBE significantly and dose dependently attenuated thrombus formation using rat arterio-venous shunt. FRBE suppressed the intracellular calcium mobilization in collagen-stimulated platelets. We also found that FRBE inhibited extracellular stimuli-responsive kinase 1/2, p38-mitogen-activated protein kinases and c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation. These results suggested that FRBE inhibited collagen-induced platelet aggregation, which was mediated by modulation of downstream signaling molecules. In conclusion, FRBE could be developed as a functional food against aberrant platelet activation-related cardiovascular diseases.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.276-281
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• 2011

The optimum condition for the extraction and purification processes of phytic acid from defatted rice bran was examined. The phytic acid was efficiently extracted when the defatted rice bran was treated with 10 volumes of 0.5% HCl for 1 hr. For the neutralization of acid-treated extract, 0.5% NaOH was the most acceptable. To purify phytic acid, Diaion HP20 resin was used to remove impurities from the extract. The flow-through was then loaded onto ion exchange columns packed with various resins and among them, Amberlite IRA-416 resin showed highest recovery yield. When the phytic acid was absorbed onto Amberlite IRA-416 resin and then eluted with 0.5% NaOH, 89% of applied phytic acid was eluted. Most proteins were removed from the purified phytic acid and total protein content of the phytic acid was 0.14%(w/w).

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.105-110
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• 2011

This study was carried out to examine the electron donating ability (EDA), nitrite scavenging, tyrosinase inhibition, ACE inhibition and fibrinolytic activity of culture extracts from Fomitella fraxinea which was grown added rice bran, pine needles and turmeric in brown rice. Electron donating ability was higher in the extract by hot water than ethanol. Nitrite scavenging activity was the highest from ethanol extract of culture products added to the pine needles, showed the scavenging activity was approximately 50%. Tyrosinase inhibition activity was highest in the extract by hot water, showed inhibition rate of rice bran was 72.49%, pine needles 87.34% and turmeric powder 82.75%, respectively. ACE inhibition activity were very low effective at all water and ethanol extracts. Fibrinolytic activities were similarly strong in the rice bran, pine needles and turmeric powder. Especially, when the rice bran and turmeric powder were added, showed the activities were increased about 10% than plasmin. Therefore, it may be used for the food and cosmetic industry as natural source of bioactive compound after further investigation such as in vivo experiment.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.614-620
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• 2018

A rice bran physically treated to increase the residual gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) content (200 mg/100 g) or its hot-water extract (200 mg/100 g) was added into a white pan bread, and changes in the physical properties including color, and volume and texture changes during storage at room temperature were examined. The addition of bran powders had negative effects on bread quality and storage stability whereas that of rice bran extract (RBE) improved the storage stability of bread. The lightness of bread crumbs decreased but the volume of bread slightly increased after addition of the RBE. The increase in crumb hardness during storage was retarded by the RBE addition. The residual concentration of GABA in bread was increased 38-fold when 20% of RBE was added. The addition of RBE to white pan bread improved the resistance to staling and health-promoting function because of GABA.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.463-469
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• 2014

Sorghum has been consumed as one of the important staple food in the semiarid tropics of Africa and Asia. Sorghum is rich in starch, protein, essential vitamins and minerals and grows relatively well in dry climate regions when it compared with other staple food crops. Sorghum has taken an increased interest due to several studies that report about the beneficial effects of sorghum on human health. In the present study, we investigated the antioxidative and activity of extract of milling by-products (hull and bran) of Korean sorghum cultivar, 'Hwanggeaumchal' as well as its grain. Hull extract showed the highest total polyphenol contents ($29.7{\pm}0.2mg\;GAE/100g$) and major four pigments content ($322.6{\pm}14.5mg/100g$). From results of 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, hull extract ($IC_{50}$, $6.3{\pm}0.1{\mu}g/mL$) was also showed the strongest antioxidative effects. Bran and grain showed similar polyphenol, pigments contents and antioxidative effects. We determined cell viability by MTT assay and evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity by measuring nitric oxide (NO) of hull, bran and grain methanol extract (0.5% HCl v/v) on RAW 264.7 cells. Hull extract treatment was significantly decreased NO production with dose-dependant manner. Apigeninidin as one of the major pigment of hull was showed inhibitory activity against NO production without cytotoxicitiy. Therefore, sorghum milling by-products can be used as a good source of antioxidative and anti-inflammatory agents.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.680-683
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• 2001

The apparent metabolisable energy (AME) and N-corrected ME (AMEn) of deoiled rice bran (DORB) were determined with adult quails at 6 and 10- week of age. The DORB obtained from two types of extraction process, Batch (DORB-B) and the Continuous (DORB-C), was each included in a practical type of the reference diet at 20 or 40% level. The analysed crude protein, ether extract, total ash, calcium, phosphorus, glucose and starch content of DORB-B and DORB-C were found at 19.0, 0.79, 17.05, 0.11, 1.92, 2.3, 11.22, and 15.02, 1.56, 13.0, 0.40, 2.76, 2.16, 19.0, respectively. The level of inclusion of DORB in diet appeared to exert a significant effect on the AME and AMEn values. When bioassayed at 20% inclusion level the DORB was found to have a significantly (p<0.01) lower value than that obtained at 40% inclusion level. However, no significant effect of age of quails on the AME values of DORB was evident. The ME bioassays with quails gave significantly (p<0.01) higher AME values for DORB-C than DORB-B thereby indicating that the continuous system of solvent extraction of rice bran is superior to the batch system from this point of view. The AME value of DORB predicted from its chemical composition also revealed that the DORB-C contained approximately 15% more energy than that in DORB-B.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.302-308
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• 2011

As a part of our ongoing program on finding biologically active components from natural source we found three known constituents from the EtOH extract of the wheat bran. The known compounds were identified as tachioside (1), pinellic acid (2) and tryptophan (3). The structure and relative stereochemistry were determined from MS, 1D and extensive 2D NMR techniques as well as by comparison of their data with the published values. All isolates were tested their inhibitory effects on the adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. The effect of compounds from wheat bran on 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation were measured by Oil Red O staining. These results demonstrate that tachioside (1) and pinellic acid (2) decreased lipid content in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by inhibiting lipogenesis. These compounds had shown antiobesity activities.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.225-229
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• 1996

To find out the optimum mixing level of wheat bran to improve the quality of 1st cut Alfalfa silage, this trial was canied out at two-year's Alfalfa monoculture field of the National Livestock Research Institute, Suwon, Korea, from May 1955 to Oct. 1995. The results are as follows. I. According to the increase of wheat bran mixing level, DM content was high from 23.19%(nil) to 35.70%(40% mixing), pH of silage were low from 5.51(nil) to 4.45(40% mixing). but there were not significant at 20% mixing or more(P>0.05). 2. Also it was appeared to the same trend at Lactic acid content and in the Flieg's score of silage it was highest as 59 in the 20% mixing level. 3. In chemical component of silages there were not significant at 20% mixing or more in crude protein, crude fiber and ashes content, 30% mixing or more in ether extract and 10% or less in NFE content(P>0.05). 4. TDN, NEL and StE contents were low as adding level was increased. respectively, but there were not significant(P>O.OS). As mentioned above the results, desirable mixing level of wheat bran to lstcut Alfalfa to improve the quality of silage was 20% of fresh weight.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.9
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• pp.71-81
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• 1968

Defatted rice bran is mixed with diluted acid solution, the mixture is agitated some hrs. at constant temparature. After the mixture is filtered, thus filtrate is obtained. This filtrate is phytin extract solution. (Test-1) The alkali is added to this filtrate and filtered out, then the precipitation of phytin is obtained. (Test-2) At the test-1, the effect of kind of acid, conc. of acid, amount of extract sol'n., time of extraction, temp. of extraction, to the extract amount of phytin is tested. Consequently, the following facts are known. 1. Amount of phytin extract is greater HCI extraction than $H_{2}SO_4$ extraction. 2. At 0.3% HCI, the amount of phytin extract is greatest of all HCl extraction. 3. The sufficient amount of acid solution is 8-10 times of amount of defatted rice bran. 4. The time of extraction at room temperature is sufficient 8-12 hrs. 5. When extract temperature is $20-30^{\circ}C$, the amount of phytin extraction is greater of all temp. 6, When defatted rice bran 20 g is shanken with 160 ml of 0.3% HCl for 10 hr. at room temp., in this case the amount of phytin extract is 11.34% of defatted rice bran, it is 93% of theoretical yield. At the test-2 the effect of kind of precipitation agent, degree of nutralization to the amount of phytin prcipitation is tested. 1. Degree of nut. is best at pH 6.8-7.0. 2. When use of $Ca(OH)_2$ the amount of phytin precipitation is more than use of KOH, NaOH, or $NH_{4}OH$. 3. At pH 6.0-7.2, the solubility of phytin is followed. K-phytate > $NH_{4}-phytate$ > Na-phytate > Ca-phytate 4. When phytin extract solution is nutralized with $Ca(OH)_2$ to pH 7.0, the amount of phytin precipitation is 94.78% of theoretical yield.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.812-819
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• 2013

Forty two Malpura lambs (21 d old) were divided into three groups of 14 each consisting of 8 females and 6 males. Lambs were allowed to suckle their respective dams twice daily up to weaning (13 wks) and offered free choice concentrate and roughage in a cafeteria system. The lambs in control group were fed conventional concentrate mixture, in RBO group concentrate mixture fortified with 4% industrial grade rice bran oil and in Ca-soap rice bran oil (as in RBO group) was supplemented in the form of calcium soap. The concentrate intake decreased($p{\leq}0.05$) in RBO group as a result total dry matter, crude protein and metabolizable energy intake decreased compared to control whereas Ca-soap prepared from the same rice bran oil stimulated the concentrate intake leading to higher total dry matter, crude protein and energy intakes. The digestibility of dry matter ($p{\leq}0.05$), organic matter ($p{\leq}0.05$) and crude protein ($p{\leq}0.05$) was higher in RBO group followed by Ca-soap and control whereas no effect was observed for ether extract digestibility. Higher cholesterol ($p{\leq}0.05$) content was recorded in serum of oil supplemented groups (RBO and Ca-soap) while no effect was recorded for other blood parameters. Rice bran oil as such adversely affected and reduced the body weight gain ($p{\leq}0.001$) of lambs in comparison to control whereas the Ca-soap of rice bran oil improved body weight gain and feed conversion efficiency in lambs. Fat supplementation decreased total volatile fatty acids ($p{\leq}0.05$) and individual volatile fatty acid concentration which increased at 4 h post feeding. Fat supplementation also reduced ($p{\leq}0.05$) total protozoa count. Ca-soap of rice bran oil improved pre slaughter weight ($p{\leq}0.05$) and hot carcass weight ($p{\leq}0.05$). It is concluded from the study that rice bran oil in the form of calcium soap at 40 g/kg of concentrate improved growth, feed conversion efficiency and carcass quality as compared to rice bran oil as such and control groups.