• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제60권4호
• /
• pp.391-396
• /
• 2017

Objective : To investigate the neuroprotective effects of Ginkgolide B (GB) against ischemic stroke-induced injury in vivo and in vitro, and further explore the possible mechanisms concerned. Methods : Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) mice and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-treated N2a cells were used to explore the neuroprotective effects of GB. The expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was detected via Western blot and qRT-PCR. Results : GB treatment (4 mg/kg, i. p., bid) significantly reduced neurological deficits, water content, and cerebral infarct volume in tMCAO mice. GB also significantly increased Bcl-2/Bax ratio, reduced the expression of caspase-3, and protected against OGD/R-induced neuronal apoptosis. Meanwhile, GB caused the up-regulation of BDNF protein in vivo and in vitro. Conclusion : Our data suggest that GB might protect the brain against ischemic insult partly via modulating BDNF expression.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.145-156
• /
• 2023

Objectives : This study aimed to select candidate herbal medicines to be used in preclinical studies of cerebral infarction using the network pharmacology research method. Methods : Oral bioavailability (OB), drug likeness (DL), Caco-2, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability were employed in this study's network pharmacology analysis method to choose compounds with potential efficacy. The following formulas were utilized for the values of each variable used in this study: OB ≥ 20%, DL ≥ 0.18, Caco-2 ≥ 0, and BBB ≥ -0.3. The relationships between target proteins and diseases that are assumed to be involved in the chosen bioavailable chemicals were built in a network manner using the aforementioned factors, and proteins thought to play a significant role were identified. Results : Sudan III was obtained as a result of selecting compounds related to ischemic stroke in consideration of pharmacokinetic characteristics such as digestion and absorption and practicality using the TCMSP database. Medicinal herbs Gardeniae Fructus (GF) contains sudan III, and it was confirmed that compounds in GF were highly related to brain diseases, and the mechanism involved through the KEGG pathway was confirmed. GF, which has sudan III related to ischemic stroke and is also involved in other neurological diseases, is expected to be used for ischemic stroke treatment. Conclusions : GF has been predicted to have potential for ischemic stroke treatment, and can be used for future preclinical studies.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.29-38
• /
• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of the study is to determine the neuroprotective effect of modified Boyanghwano-tang(mBHT), a traditional Korean medicine, on the transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Methods : Focal ischemia and reperfusion were induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) for 90 min, followed by 144 h reperfusion in rats. mBHT(200mg/kg body weight, p.o.) was administrated in rats once a day during reperfusion. At the end of treatment, brain infarction was measured by TTC staining, and histological change was observed by H&E staining. The expressions of Bax, Bcl-2 and cytochrome c in ischemic brains were determined by immunofluorescent analysis. Results : mBHT significantly reduced the cerebral infarct volumes of the MCAO rats. mBHT also attenuated the neuronal cell death and the expressions of pro-apoptotic molecules, bax and cytochrome c in ischemic brains. Further, mBHT significantly increased the survival time of ischemeic rats and the expression of anti-apoptotic molecule, Bcl-2 in ischemic brains. Conclusions : Our results suggest that mBHT is neuroprotective and may prove to be useful adjunct in the treatment of ischemic stroke.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제46권2호
• /
• pp.275-282
• /
• 2022

Background: Stroke is a neurological disorder characterized by brain tissue damage following a decrease in oxygen supply to brain due to blocked blood vessels. Reportedly, 80% of all stroke cases are classified as cerebral infarction, and the incidence rate of this condition increases with age. Herein, we compared the efficacies of Korean White ginseng (WG) and Korean Red Ginseng (RG) extracts (WGex and RGex, respectively) in an ischemic stroke mouse model and confirmed the underlying mechanisms of action. Methods: Mice were orally administered WGex or RGex 1 h before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), for 2 h; the size of the infarct area was measured 24 h after MCAO induction. Then, the neurological deficit score was evaluated and the efficacies of the two extracts were compared. Finally, their mechanisms of action were confirmed with tissue staining and protein quantification. Results: In the MCAO-induced ischemic stroke mouse model, WGex and RGex showed neuroprotective effects in the cortical region, with RGex demonstrating superior efficacy than WGex. Ginsenoside Rg1, a representative indicator substance, was not involved in mediating the effects of WGex and RGex. Conclusion: WGex and RGex could alleviate the brain injury caused by ischemia/reperfusion, with RGex showing a more potent effect. At 1,000 mg/kg body weight, only RGex reduced cerebral infarction and edema, and both anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic pathways were involved in mediating these effects.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
• /
• pp.67-68
• /
• 2003

Cerebral ischemia, the most prevalent form of clinical stroke, is a medical problem of the first magnitude. Substantial efforts are being made to develop drugs which will protect the brain from the neurodegeneration that follows ischemic stroke. However, no medical treatment is currently approved for the treatment of stroke to reduce brain infarction or neurological disability beyond tissue plasminogen activator. (omitted)

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제39권4호
• /
• pp.300-302
• /
• 2006

"Stunning" represents prolonged contractile depression of any muscular component after alleviation of severe ischemia, as shown in reperfusion following acute myocardial ischemia or ischemic stroke. Clinically, it presents with no or delayed recovery past to thrombolytic therapy but its pathogenic mechanism is not fully uncovered yet. We describe a unique case of a 63-year-old woman, who was undertaken endovascular coiling for the aneurysms, deteriorated several hours later without known cause, and showed delayed clinical improvement over the next 3 days following thrombolysis. Immediate post-thrombolysis magnetic resonance imaging scan showed no apparent abnormality except for high signal intensity within the corresponding hemisphere. Reversible but delayed nature of " brain stunning" can be explained by these images and it seems to be caused by a certain type of reperfusion injury.

• 대한자기공명의과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한자기공명의과학회 2000년도 제5차 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.15-15
• /
• 2000

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.69-78
• /
• 2016

허혈성 뇌졸중은 뇌혈관의 혈전이나 색전에 의해 뇌 혈류가 감소하게 되어 뇌 조직이 기능을 못하는 질환으로, 질환의 특성상 뇌혈관의 폐색 여부를 확인하는 것이 중요하기 때문에 질환의 진단에 있어서 의료 영상이 필수적으로 활용된다. 그 중에서도 뇌 자기공명영상은 뇌의 구조적인 정보들을 얻을 수 있어 질환을 진단하는데 그 지표로 널리 활용되고 있다. 하지만 허혈성 뇌졸중과 같은 응급 질환의 경우 빠른 진단과 처치에 도움이 될 수 있는 지능적인 시스템이 요구됨에 비해, 기존의 의료 영상 저장 시스템으로는 신속하고 직관적인 영상 정보 제공이 어렵다. 즉, 기존의 시스템은 피상적인 메타 데이터를 이용하여 의료 영상을 관리하고 있어 의료 영상에 내재된 주요 의미적 정보를 고려하지 못하고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 뇌 자기공명영상이 내포하고 있는 주요 의미적인 정보인 뇌의 해부학적 구조와 같은 영상 정보를 제공할 수 있도록 하는 템플릿 중심의 영상 매핑 기법을 제안하고자 한다. 제안하는 기법은 방대한 양의 영상을 대표할 수 있는 대표 영상(템플릿)을 선정하여 의미적 특징과 대표 영상(템플릿) 사이의 대응성을 정립하고, 전문가(의사)에 의해서만 분석될 수 있는 영상 사이의 의미적 연관성을 표면화 시켜 의미 기반의 영상 관리를 가능케 한다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제50권3호
• /
• pp.173-178
• /
• 2011

Objective : The rat middle cerebral artery thread-occlusion model has been widely used to investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms of stroke and to develop therapeutic treatment. This study was conducted to analyze energy metabolism, apoptotic signal pathways, and genetic changes in the hippocampus of the ischemic rat brain. Methods : Focal transient cerebral ischemia was induced by obstructing the middle cerebral artery for two hours. After 24 hours, the induction of ischemia was confirmed by the measurement of infarct size using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. A cDNA microarray assay was performed after isolating the hippocampus, and was used to examine changes in genetic expression patterns. Results : According to the cDNA microarray analysis, a total of 1,882 and 2,237 genes showed more than a 2-fold increase and more than a 2-fold decrease, respectively. When the genes were classified according to signal pathways, genes related with oxidative phosphorylation were found most frequently. There are several apoptotic genes that are known to be expressed during ischemic brain damage, including Akt2 and Tnfrsf1a. In this study, the expression of these genes was observed to increase by more than 2-fold. As energy metabolism related genes grew, ischemic brain damage was affected, and the expression of important genes related to apoptosis was increased/decreased.Conclusion : Our analysis revealed a significant change in the expression of energy metabolism related genes (Atp6v0d1, Atp5g2, etc.) in the hippocampus of the ischemic rat brain. Based on this data, we feel these genes have the potential to be target genes used for the development of therapeutic agents for ischemic stroke.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.734-742
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution and correlation of stroke risk factor according to age with stroke patients. This study was based on clinical data registered in Daejeon Oriental Medical Hospital from November 2006 to December 2010. Study subjects consisted of 779 patients with stroke within 1 month and they were classified according to age and existence of past history such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart diseaseand stroke family history. Stroke family history was distributed differently according to age unlike past history and in their 50's showed a particularly high rate. There was not statistically significant correlation between stroke family history and past history except for only between stroke family history and diabetes mellitus in the patients in their 80's and more. There was statistically significant correlation between hypertension and diabetes mellitus and especially in the patients in their 60's and 70's. There was statistically significant correlation between hypertension and ischemic heart disease and especially in the patients in their 80's and more. There was statistically significant correlation between diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart disease in the patients in their 60's. There was statistically significant correlation among hypertension, diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart disease, but stroke family history and past history had independence, so management and research for this subject should be required further and further.