• Title/Summary/Keyword: brain disease treatment

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Analysis for Heart Disease and Predictive Predictions Factor (심장질환 및 뇌졸중 예측 및 요인 분석)

  • You-Sik Hong;Chang-Pyoung Han
    • The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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    • v.24 no.5
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    • pp.111-116
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    • 2024
  • These days, the number of patients committing suicide due to depression and stress is rapidly increasing. In addition, if stress and depression persist for a long time, it can cause heart disease, brain disease, and high blood pressure. Arteriosclerosis, known as the main cause of cerebrovascular disease, is a dangerous disease in which cholesterol accumulates in blood vessels, narrowing them. However, no matter how much modern medicine has developed, stroke patients are in a very difficult situation with no special medicine or treatment. In this paper, to solve these problems, we proposed a smart electronic acupuncture device that treats patients' diseases based on electronic acupuncture. In addition, an algorithm for predicting the risk of health status of stroke patients and a posture recognition algorithm were proposed and a computer simulation experiment was performed.

Longterm Benefit and Unmet Needs in Enzyme Replacement Therapy of Gaucher (고셔병 환자에서 효소대체치료의 장기적 효과와 한계)

  • Kim, Yoo-Mi
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.42-47
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    • 2014
  • Gaucher disease is a multisystemic disorder arising from a deficient activity of the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase, which leads to accumulation of glycosylceraide and other glycolipids in the regiculoendothelial system. The characteristics of Gaucher disease are anemia, thrombocytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly, and skeletal disease. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) has been proven to prevent progressive manifestations of Gaucher disease and effective in improving anemia, thrombocytopenia, bone markers and biomarkers. However, some patient needs still remain unmet because of the inaccessibility of certain sites including brain, bone and various organs. ERT could not Improve the irreversible lesion such as liver fibrosis, hepatopulmonary syndrome, and necrosis or infarction of bone and other organs. Adult patients with Gaucher disease should be screened for longterm complication such as bone disease, pulmonary hypertension, gallstone, and cancer, especially in patients with splenectomy. Parkinsonism and polyneuropathy was also reported among patients with type 1 Gaucher disease, but ERT does not improve neurological function. We need to review the benefits and unmet needs of ERT in Gaucher disease.

Current Radiopharmaceuticals for Positron Emission Tomography of Brain Tumors

  • Jung, Ji-hoon;Ahn, Byeong-Cheol
    • Brain Tumor Research and Treatment
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.47-53
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    • 2018
  • Brain tumors represent a diverse spectrum of histology, biology, prognosis, and treatment options. Although MRI remains the gold standard for morphological tumor characterization, positron emission tomography (PET) can play a critical role in evaluating disease status. This article focuses on the use of PET with radiolabeled glucose and amino acid analogs to aid in the diagnosis of tumors and differentiate between recurrent tumors and radiation necrosis. The most widely used tracer is $^{18}F$-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). Although the intensity of FDG uptake is clearly associated with tumor grade, the exact role of FDG PET imaging remains debatable. Additionally, high uptake of FDG in normal grey matter limits its use in some low-grade tumors that may not be visualized. Because of their potential to overcome the limitation of FDG PET of brain tumors, $^{11}C$-methionine and $^{18}F$-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (FDOPA) have been proposed. Low accumulation of amino acid tracers in normal brains allows the detection of low-grade gliomas and facilitates more precise tumor delineation. These amino acid tracers have higher sensitivity and specificity for detecting brain tumors and differentiating recurrent tumors from post-therapeutic changes. FDG and amino acid tracers may be complementary, and both may be required for assessment of an individual patient. Additional tracers for brain tumor imaging are currently under development. Combinations of different tracers might provide more in-depth information about tumor characteristics, and current limitations may thus be overcome in the near future. PET with various tracers including FDG, $^{11}C$-methionine, and FDOPA has improved the management of patients with brain tumors. To evaluate the exact value of PET, however, additional prospective large sample studies are needed.

A Case Report of a Patient with Parkinson's Disease Treated with Acupuncture and Exercise Therapy (침 및 운동 치료로 호전된 파킨슨병 환자 1례에 대한 증례보고)

  • Park, Miso;Park, SangSoo;Lee, Seung Hyun;Hur, WangJung;Yoo, Horyong
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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    • v.43 no.5
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    • pp.1018-1028
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    • 2022
  • Objectives: Parkinson's disease is characterized by progressive, irreversible damage to dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, as well as motor and non-motor symptoms. This disease currently has no dependable disease-modifying treatment. In this paper, we describe the treatment of a 67-year-old female with Parkinson's disease using acupuncture and exercise therapy. Case Presentation: Clinical symptoms and the United Kingdom Parkinson's Disease Society Brain Bank Diagnostic Criteria were used to diagnose the patient with Parkinson's disease. Over a 12-week period, the patient visited a Korean medicine hospital 18 times and was treated with acupuncture and exercise therapy in addition to anti-Parkinson's drugs. Before and after treatment, clinical examinations were performed using tools such as the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, Fall Efficacy Scale, Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire, Berg Balance Scale, and Non-Motor Symptoms Scale. Furthermore, functional near-infrared spectroscopy was used to assess cortical hemodynamics. All clinical examination results improved after 12 weeks of intervention. In particular, improvements on the Total Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale and Part III of this scale demonstrated large, clinically important differences. Conclusion: This case suggests that combining acupuncture and exercise therapy could produce an effective treatment for Parkinson's disease patients.

Three Clinical Reports of Medullary infarction (연수경색 환자 3례에 대한 임상적 고찰)

  • Ryu, Hyung-Cheon;Seo, Cheol-Hun;Choi, Chang-Won;Lee, Young-Soo;Kim, Jong-Seok;Kim, Hee-Chul;Kim, I-Gon
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.252-264
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    • 2005
  • This concerns three patients diagnosed as lateral medullary infarction from cerebral infarction of the brain stem and hospitalized. They were diagnosed and treated for 手足??(paralysis of extremities), 痺症(bi syndrome), 麻木(numbness), 不仁(akinesia), 眩暈(Vertigo) through Oriental Medicine. Improvement in both sense disorder and motor disorder was seen and is therefore reported here. To detect symptoms of a brain stem disorder clinically, pathological symptoms must be isolated and the patient must be screened through radiological and neorological examination. If this is properly and carefully done from the first stage, and according to this diagnosis, with the cycle of the disease considered, a treatment plan can be laid. Modem Medicine offers easy diagnosis for cerebro-vascular disease, but the treatment is less effective than that offered by Oriental Medicine. This report is given with a plea for further research and more reportage of clinical cases of cerebro-vascular disease treated through Oriental Medicine.

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Therapeutic effects of selective p300 histone acetyl-transferase inhibitor on liver fibrosis

  • Hyunsik Kim;Soo-Yeon Park;Soo Yeon Lee;Jae-Hwan Kwon;Seunghee Byun;Mi Jeong Kim;Sungryul Yu;Jung-Yoon Yoo;Ho-Geun Yoon
    • BMB Reports
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    • v.56 no.2
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    • pp.114-119
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    • 2023
  • Liver fibrosis is caused by chronic liver damage and results in the aberrant accumulation of extracellular matrix during disease progression. Despite the identification of the HAT enzyme p300 as a major factor for liver fibrosis, the development of therapeutic agents targeting the regulation of p300 has not been reported. We validated a novel p300 inhibitor (A6) on the improvement of liver fibrosis using two mouse models, mice on a choline-deficient high-fat diet and thioacetamide-treated mice. We demonstrated that pathological hall-marks of liver fibrosis were significantly diminished by A6 treatment through Masson's trichrome and Sirius red staining on liver tissue and found that A6 treatment reduced the expression of matricellular protein genes. We further showed that A6 treatment improved liver fibrosis by reducing the stability of p300 protein via disruption of p300 binding to AKT. Our findings suggest that targeting p300 through the specific inhibitor A6 has potential as a major therapeutic avenue for treating liver fibrosis.

Statistical Techniques based Computer-aided Diagnosis (CAD) using Texture Feature Analysis: Applied of Cerebral Infarction in Computed Tomography (CT) Images

  • Lee, Jaeseung;Im, Inchul;Yu, Yunsik;Park, Hyonghu;Kwak, Byungjoon
    • Biomedical Science Letters
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.399-405
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    • 2012
  • The brain is the body's most organized and controlled organ, and it governs various psychological and mental functions. A brain abnormality could greatly affect one's physical and mental abilities, and consequently one's social life. Brain disorders can be broadly categorized into three main afflictions: stroke, brain tumor, and dementia. Among these, stroke is a common disease that occurs owing to a disorder in blood flow, and it is accompanied by a sudden loss of consciousness and motor paralysis. The main types of strokes are infarction and hemorrhage. The exact diagnosis and early treatment of an infarction are very important for the patient's prognosis and for the determination of the treatment direction. In this study, texture features were analyzed in order to develop a prototype auto-diagnostic system for infarction using computer auto-diagnostic software. The analysis results indicate that of the six parameters measured, the average brightness, average contrast, flatness, and uniformity show a high cognition rate whereas the degree of skewness and entropy show a low cognition rate. On the basis of these results, it was suggested that a digital CT image obtained using the computer auto-diagnostic software can be used to provide valuable information for general CT image auto-detection and diagnosis for pre-reading. This system is highly advantageous because it can achieve early diagnosis of the disease and it can be used as supplementary data in image reading. Further, it is expected to enable accurate medical image detection and reduced diagnostic time in final-reading.

The effects of Rhizoma Acori Graminei water extract in Alzheimer's Disease Model induced by pCT105 (pCT105로 유도된 치매모델에서 석창포(石菖蒲) 수추출액(水抽出液)이 미치는 영향)

  • Choi, Hyuk;Kim, Sang-Ho;Lee, Dae-Yong;Ahn, Dae-Joong;Kang, Won-Hyung;Lyu, Yeoung-Su
    • Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.173-194
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    • 2002
  • Alzheimer's disease(AD) is a geriatric dementia that is widespread in old age. In the future AD will be the largest problem in public health service. From old times, Much medicines have been used for treatment of dementia, but there is no medicine having obvious effect. AD is one of brain retrogression disease. So We studied on herbal medicine that have a relation of brain retrogression. From old times, In Oriental Medicine, Rhizoma Acori Graminei has been used for disease in relation to brain retrogression. We studied on the effects of anti-Alzheimer in pCT105-induced neuroblastoma cell lines by Rhizoma Acori Graminei extract As the result of this study, In RAG group, the apoptosis in the nervous system is inhibited, the repair against the degerneration of Neuroblastoma cells by CT105 expression is promoted. These results indicate that RAG possess strong inhibitory effect of apoptosis in the nervous system and repair effect against the degeneration of Neuroblastoma cells by CT105 expression.

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An Overview of Psychoneuroimmunology (정신신경면역학 개관)

  • Kim, Do Hoon
    • Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.147-151
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    • 2008
  • This review briefly summarizes the relevant knowledge of psychoneuroimmunological basis for neuroimmunology, with particular emphasis on bidirectional neural-immune interactions. The immune system and the nervous system maintain extensive communication, including hardwiring of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves to lymphoid organs. Immune system is modulated by various neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine, norepinephrine, substance P and histamine. Neuroendocrine hormones such as corticotrophin-releasing hormone(CRH) or substance P regulate cytokine balance. The immune system modulates brain activity including sleep and body temperature. Recent studies have revealed that psychological factors which influence immunity and immune-related disease may modulate brain-to -immune interaction. But, we still await the scientific research and evidences to prove whether or how behavioral or treatment intervention of stress can influence the development, progress or prevention of a specific disease.

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Advancements in the treatment of pediatric acute leukemia and brain tumor - continuous efforts for 100% cure

  • Ju, Hee Young;Hong, Che Ry;Shin, Hee Young
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • v.57 no.10
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    • pp.434-439
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    • 2014
  • Treatment outcomes of pediatric cancers have improved greatly with the development of improved treatment protocols, new drugs, and better supportive measures, resulting in overall survival rates greater than 70%. Survival rates are highest in acute lymphoblastic leukemia, reaching more than 90%, owing to risk-based treatment through multicenter clinical trials and protocols developed to prevent central nervous system relapse and testicular relapse in boys. New drugs including clofarabine and nelarabine are currently being evaluated in clinical trials, and other targeted agents are continuously being developed. Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells are now attracting interest for the treatment of recurrent or refractory disease. Stem cell transplantation is still the most effective treatment for pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, in order to reduce treatment-related death after stem cell transplantation, there is need for improved treatments. New drugs and targeted agents are also needed for improved outcome of AML. Surgery and radiation therapy have been the mainstay for brain tumor treatment. However, chemotherapy is becoming more important for patients who are not eligible for radiotherapy owing to age. Stem cell transplant as a means of high dose chemotherapy and stem cell rescue is a new treatment modality and is often repeated for improved survival. Drugs such as temozolomide are new chemotherapeutic options. In order to achieve 100% cure in children with pediatric cancer, every possible treatment modality and effort should be considered.