• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.179-185
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• 2012

When manufacturing die casting mold, generally, the casting layout design should be considered based on the relation among injection system, casting condition, gate system, and cooling system. Also, the extent or the location of product defects was differentiated according to the various relations of the above conditions. In this research, in order to optimize casting design of an automobile part (Gear Box) Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) was performed by using the simulation software (Z Cast). The simulation results were analyzed and compared with experimental results. During the mold filling, internal porosities caused by air entrap were predicted and reduced remarkably by the modification of the gate system and the configuration of overflow. With the solidification analysis, internal porosities caused by the solidification shrinkage were predicted and reduced by the modification of the gate system. For making a better production die casting tool, cooling systems on several thick areas are proposed in order to reduce internal porosities caused by the solidification shrinkage.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.199-206
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• 2014

목 적 : 최근 영상유도 방사선치료의 급증에 따라 영상유도장치의 정도관리를 철저히 시행할 필요가 있다. 특히 영상유도 방사선치료는 장치의 정확성을 기본 전제로 하기 때문에 이에 대한 정도관리가 필수적으로 행해져야 한다. 본원에서는 영상유도장치의 정도관리를 기존의 팬텀(Phantom)보다 효율적인 팬텀을 자체 제작하여 정확하고 효율적인 정도관리를 이행하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 영상유도장치의 정도관리 항목으로 매우 중요한 5가지를 설정하고, 그 항목에 대하여 효율적이고 정확한 정도관리가 이루어 질 수 있는 팬텀(AMC G-Box)을 자체 제작하였다. 정도관리 항목은 Iso-center와 영상유도장치의 중심 일치성, 구현된 영상의 실측 정확성, 4 방향의 중심일치성, 영상유도 이동의 정확성 및 CBCT(Cone Beam CT)에서 구현된 HU(Hounsfield Unit)의 재현성으로 설정하였다. 이 항목에 대하여 $10cm{\time}10cm{\time}10cm$의 정사각형 팬텀을 1 cm두께의 아크릴로 제작하였으며 CBCT HU을 측정하기 위해 팬텀안에 각각 밀도가 다른 3개의 물질을 삽입하였다. 팬텀에는 중심과 일정한 위치를 가리키는 표식을 만들어서 중심과 일치성 검사를 할 수 있도록 하였다. 실험은 기존 각각의 팬텀을 이용한 정도관리를 실시하고, 새로 제작된 AMC G-Box로 실시한 후 그 결과 값을 비교하고 소요되는 시간과 문제점을 분석하였다. 사용된 치료기는 Varian사의 4개의 모델이고, 1주 간격으로 2회 측정하였다. 결 과 : 완성된 AMC G-Box를 이용한 영상유도장치의 정도관리를 시행하였을 때, 기존 개별로 구성된 팬텀을 이용한 정도관리 결과를 보았을 때, $0.2mm{\pm}0.1$이내에서 결과 값이 같았다. 또한 기존의 방법일 경우 최소 30분에서 45분이 소요되었으나, AMC G-Box를 이용하였을 때는 15분~20분이 소요되어 50%이상 시간을 감소하였다. 결 론 : 영상유도장치는 사용기간이 지남에 따라 일치성과 정확성이 떨어지는 경향이 있다. 따라서 관련된 정도관리를 주기적으로 철저하게 할 필요성이 있다. 특히 일치성 검사는 매일 점검해야하는 항목이다. 이러한 정도관리를 AMC G-Box를 이용할 경우 정확한 정도관리를 효율적으로 실시함으로써, 장치와 환자 치료의 안정성과 정확성을 높일 수 있었다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.141-141
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• 2017

The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is the major regulatory mechanism in a number of cellular processes for selective degradation of proteins and involves three steps: (1) ATP dependent activation of ubiquitin by E1 enzyme, (2) transfer of activated ubiquitin to E2 and (3) transfer of ubiquitin to the protein to be degraded by E3 complex. F-box proteins are subunit of SCF complex and involved in specificity for a target substrate to be degraded. F-box proteins regulate many important biological processes such as embryogenesis, floral development, plant growth and development, biotic and abiotic stress, hormonal responses and senescence. However, little is known about the F-box genes in wheat. The draft genome sequence of wheat (IWGSC Reference Sequence v1.0 assembly) used to analysis a genome-wide survey of the F-box gene family in wheat. The Hidden Markov Model (HMM) profiles of F-box (PF00646), F-box-like (PF12937), F-box-like 2 (PF13013), FBA (PF04300), FBA_1 (PF07734), FBA_2 (PF07735), FBA_3 (PF08268) and FBD (PF08387) domains were downloaded from Pfam database were searched against IWGSC Reference Sequence v1.0 assembly. RNA-seq paired-end libraries from different stages of wheat, such as stages of seedling, tillering, booting, day after flowering (DAF) 1, DAF 10, DAF 20, and DAF 30 were conducted and sequenced by Illumina HiSeq2000 for expression analysis of F-box protein genes. Basic analysis including Hisat, HTseq, DEseq, gene ontology analysis and KEGG mapping were conducted for differentially expressed gene analysis and their annotation mappings of DEGs from various stages. About 950 F-box domain proteins identified by Pfam were mapped to wheat reference genome sequence by blastX (e-value < 0.05). Among them, more than 140 putative F-box protein genes were selected by fold changes cut-offs of > 2, significance p-value < 0.01, and FDR<0.01. Expression profiling of selected F-box protein genes were shown by heatmap analysis, and average linkage and squared Euclidean distance of putative 144 F-box protein genes by expression patterns were calculated for clustering analysis. This work may provide valuable and basic information for further investigation of protein degradation mechanism by ubiquitin proteasome system using F-box proteins during wheat development stages.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.219-226
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• 2019

최근 기후변화와 도시화로 인한 수재해 문제가 증가하고 있으며, 이에 대응방안인 저영향개발(Low-Impact Development, LID) 기법에 관한 연구가 확대되고 있다. LID 기법은 도시 내의 우수유출수를 저감시켜 다양한 수재해 문제를 친환경적으로 제어하고, 도시 개발 이전의 물순환 체계로 회복시키는 기술이다. 하지만 LID 기법에 관한 정량적 데이터가 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 저류형 LID 기술인 식생화분(Planter Box)의 Curve Number (CN)값을 산정하여, 물순환(침투, 유출, 월류수) 분석을 실시하였다. Planter Box의 물순환 분석에 관한 강우강도 시나리오(60.4 mm/hr, 83.1 mm/hr, 97.4 mm/hr, 108.2 mm/hr)는 부산시 확률강우강도표(2010)를 이용하여 선정하였다. 실험 결과는 건물화분3(BPB-3)과 거리화분3(SPB-3)에서 우수저류율이 각각 43.5%~52.9%, 33.4%~39.0%로 나타났다. 또한 BPB-3에서 CN값은 평균 83이 산출되었고, Horton 침투능 곡선식 적용에 따른 우수유출효과는 17%~96%로 나타났다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.153-159
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• 2013

The power transmission system has always been considered critical for a human powered boat(or water bike) since it first showed up at Human Powered Vessel Festival. Mechanical problems, such as abrasions and other damages of the gear system for the power transmission, lead to poor durability and low efficiency of a boat. This paper described mechanical problems and a design process of power transmission system and then suggested the method to solve the problems. It is selected a module and a type of gears that are structurally stable thus can transmit the power durable. Especially the lower gear box is applied to CRP(contra rotating propeller) system for improving the structural stability and the propeller efficiency as well. As the results, the upper and lower gear box are designed and manufactured. And from the trial test, it is confirmed that the power transmission system is reliable.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.6-9
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• 2013

Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) has a helium refrigeration system (HRS) with the cooling capacity of 9 kW at 4.5 K. Main cold components are composed of 300 tons of superconducting (SC) magnets, main cryostat thermal shields, and SC current feeder system. The HRS comprises six gas storage tanks, a liquid nitrogen tank, the room temperature compression sector, the cold box (C/B), the 1st stage helium distribution box (DB#1), the PLC base local control system interconnected to central control tower and so on. Between HRS and cold components, there's another distribution box (DB#2) nearby the KSTAR device. The entire KSTAR device was constructed in 2007 and has been operated since 2008. This paper will present the maintenance result of the KSTAR HRS during the campaign and discuss the operation record and maintenance history of the KSTAR HRS.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2007년도 정기 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.525-530
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• 2007

Although just developed in recent years, curved box girder has widely used in modern highway system due to their load resistance capacity as well as aesthetic considerations. According to recent literature reviews on curved box girder designs, distortional load was not considered as much as it deserves to be. In practice, the effect of distributional force is very small in straight bridge systems but yet unknown how it is in curved bridge systems. For the reason, this paper will show up an extensive parametric study on distortional behavior of curved box girder with trapezoidal section. Based on Dabrowski formulas, using finite element method, various bridges were investigated. In this study, following parameters will be included: span length, curvature radius, section height, section width, and internal section angle (web slope). From the obtained results, some initial geometric parameters are proposed for curved box girder bridges.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.55-75
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• 2021

The lightweight superstructure is beneficial for bridges in remote areas and emergency erection. In such weight-sensitive applications, the combination of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) as a material and box-beams as a structural system have enormous scope. This combination offers various advantages, but as a thin-walled structure, their designs are often governed by buckling criteria. FRP box-beams lose their stability either by flange or web buckling mode. In this paper, the web buckling behavior of simply supported FRP box-beam subjected to transverse load has been studied by modeling full box-beam to consider the effect of real state of stress (stress variation in length direction) and boundary conditions (rotational restraint at web-flange junction). A parametric study by varying the sectional geometry and fiber orientation is carried out by using ANSYS software. The accuracy of the FE models was ensured by verifying them against the available results provided in the literature. With the help of developed database the influential parameters (i.e., αs, βw, δw and γ) affecting the web bucklings are identified. Design trends have been developed which will be helpful to the designers in the preliminary stage. Finally, the importance of governing parameters and design trends are demonstrated through pedestrian bridge design.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.569-588
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• 1992

This study examined the relationship between the experience of stressful life events and somatic symptoms of urban women. Data were collected by interviewing 200 women from June to July 1, 1991. Vsable data work obtained from 162 of the women. Modified version of a stressful life events measurement tool developed p.5. Lee (1984) and the Somatic Discomfort Inventory by Wittenborn were used to measure the variables. Data were processed by an 5.p.5.5. program and analyzed. statistically for percentage, T-test, ANOYA and Pearson Correlation coefficient. Result of the Study are as follows : 1) The group total mean score of stressful life events was 92.66 $\pm$ 10.41. The higher scores in the $\boxDr$Test and school$\boxUl$ of the Extrapersonal factor, in the $\boxDr$Health problems$\boxUl$ of the Intrapersonal factor and $\boxDr$Conflict and differences within the family$\boxUl$ of the Interpersonal factor, factors. which a suggested by Neuman's model. 2) The group total mean score for somatic symptoms was 100.41$\pm$9.74. The higher scores were for the factors of $\boxDr$Fatigue (1.94)$\boxUl$, $\boxDr$Menopause (1.74)$\boxUl$, $\boxDr$Muscular system(1.67)$\boxUl$ and $\boxDr$Sleeping (1.67)$\boxUl$ 3) The mean scores of stressful life events were higher in the 40~60 age group, for middle school graduates(P＜.05), career women and those in nuclear families (P＞.05). 4) The mean scores of somatic symptoms were higher in the 45~60 age group, for middle school graduates, non career women and women with 5 or more children(P＜.05). 5) There was a positive correlation between the scores of stressful life events and somatic symptoms (r＝.585 P＜.05). The higher the level of stressful life events the higher the score of somatic symptoms, the results were consistent with the Extrapersonal, Intrapersonal and Interpersonal stress factors of Neuman's Health Care Systems. This research assessed the stressful life events of women, who play the most important role in the family for illness prevention and health promotion and suggested the importance of programs in the Primary Health Services to build basic coping resources.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 1999년도 추계종합학술대회
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• pp.199-203
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• 1999

본 논문은 MPEG-2 AAC 멀티채널 오디오 및 MPEG-4 오디오의 다중객체 부호화를 위한 DSP 시스템의 설계 및 구현에 관하여 기술한다. DSP로서는 TI 사의 최근 제품인 고성능의 TMS320C6701 (이하 6701로 함) 2개를 사용하였고, DSP 보드는 PC에 장착하여 프로그램을 다운로드하고 시스템을 제어할 수 있게 하기 위하여 PCI 인터페이스를 함께 구현하였으며, 부호화기 및 복화기로서 함께 사용할 수 있는 구조로서 설계하였다. 또한 멀티채널 오디오를 디지털 신호로 변환하고 다중화하여 직렬신호로서 입력하고, 다시 역으로 출력하기 위한 시스템을 별도로 외부에 구현하였으며, 접속 인터페이스로서 ADI (Alesys Digital audio Interface)론 사용하여, ADI 인터페이스를 지원하는 멀티채널오디오 장비론 입출력 시스템으로 사용할 수 있도록 하였다. 현재의 결과로서는 MPEG-2 AAC 4채널 오디오를 2개의 DSP를 사용하여 실시간으로 안정되게 부호화 할 수 있으며, 1개의 DSP로도 8채널까지의 복호화가 가능함을 확인하였다.