• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제63권6호
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• pp.799-808
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• 2017

Failure of a redundant long-span bridge is often described by innumerable failure modes, which make the structural system reliability analysis become a computationally intractable work. In this paper, an innovative procedure is proposed to efficiently identify the dominant failure modes and quantify the structural reliability for a long-span bridge system. The procedure is programmed by ANSYS and MATLAB. Considering the correlation between failure paths, a new branch and bound operation criteria is applied to the traditional stage critical strength branch and bound algorithm. Computational effort can be saved by ignoring the redundant failure paths as early as possible. The reliability of dominant failure mode is computed by FORM, since the limit state function of failure mode can be expressed by the final stage critical strength. PNET method and FORM for system are suggested to be the suitable calculation method for the bridge system reliability. By applying the procedure to a CFST arch bridge, the proposed method is demonstrated suitable to the system reliability analysis for long-span bridge structure.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.94-104
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• 2000

A kinematically admissible velocity field for near-net shape forging of a crown gear form is proposed. This takes into account the profiled shape of the teeth chosen by approximating these kinematically as radially straight taper teeth, (rectangular and trapezoidal teeth). The upper bound to the forging load, the relative forging pressure and the deformed configurations, with both the initially solid circular cylindrical and hollow billets, are predicted using the velocity field at varying incremental punch movements considering differing frictional factors. These and other results are given and commented upon.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.841-852
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• 2019

We establish the generalized Myers theorem for Finsler manifolds under integral Ricci curvature bound. More precisely, we show that the forward complete Finsler n-manifold whose part of Ricci curvature less than a positive constant is small in $L^p$-norm (for p > n/2) have bounded diameter and finite fundamental group.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.1606-1626
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• 2012

This paper investigates the performance of an amplify-and-forward (AF) two-way relaying system with antenna correlation. The system consists of two multiple-antenna sources, which exchange information via the aid of a single-antenna relay. In particular, we derive the exact outage probability expression. Furthermore, we provide a simple, tight closed-form lower bound for the outage probability. Based on the lower bound, we obtain the closed-form asymptotic outage probability and the average symbol error rate expressions at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which reveal the system's diversity order and coding gain with antenna correlation. To investigate the system's throughput performance with antenna correlation, we also derive a closed-form lower bound for the average sum-rate, which is quite tight from medium to high SNR regime. The analytical results readily enable us to obtain insight into the effect of antenna correlation on the system's performance. Extensive Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to verify the analytical results.

• 한국토양환경학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.77-84
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 고농도의 중금속 (납, 구리)으로 오염된 세 가지의 토양을 대상으로 sequential extraction 방법을 사용하여 토양과 중금속의 차이에 따른 결합 특성을 밝혀내고자 하였다. 고농도의 납과 구리로 오염된 토양을 형태별로 추출하였을 때 토양의 특성과 중금속의 종류에 따라 다른 결과를 보였다. 납은 문화동 토양에서는 Carbonate 형태가 37.7%로 가장 높았고 농토는 Amorphous Fe oxide 형태가 23.9%, 공단 토양에서는 Exchangeable 형태가 22.9%로 나타났다. 이에 비하여 구리는 세 가지 토양에서 공통적으로 Organically bound 형태가 농토에서 26.1%, 문화동 토양은 20.4%. 공단 토양에서는 24.1%로 높게 나타났고 Carbonate 형태와 Amorphous Fe oxide형태의 비율도 높게 나타났다. 또한 Crystallized Fe oxide 형태와 Residuals 형태도 납보다 높은 비율을 나타냄으로서 구리가 납보다는 토양과 강한 결합을 형성하는 것으로 생각된다. 이러한 토양과 중금속의 결합 특성은 오염 토양의 복원시 유용한 자료가 될 수 있다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.173-177
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• 1996

A novel calcium binding protein (CaBP) was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from Dunaliella salina. In the course of purification experiment, this CaBP was identified as a monomer and its molecular weight was about 21 kDand isoelectric point (pI) value was about 4.1 using isoelectrofocusing. This CaBP was able to bind Ca2+ even in the pressence of an excess MgCl2 and KCI both in solution. In the SDS-PAGE, the Ca2+-bound form was slower than the Ca2+-free form in the nondenaturing PAGE. This means that the CaBP undergoes conformational change in the Ca2+-bound condition. Furthermore, UV absorption spectrum and fluorescence intensity of this CaBP was investigated. UV absorption peak was appeared at about 258 nm and decreased somewhat in Ca2+-bound condition. In the measurement of fluorescence, maximum intensity was appeared at 303 nm and decreased in Ca2+-bound state, similarly as UV absorption spectrum. These show distinct changes upon Ca2+-binding, which indicate of structural and/or dynamic changes largely reminiscent of other members of the EF-hand Ca2+-binding protein family.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.1017-1029
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• 2019

In this paper, blows-up and global solutions for a class of nonlinear divergence form parabolic equations with the abstract form of $({\varrho}(u))_t$ and time dependent coefficients are considered. The conditions are established for the existence of a solution globally and also the conditions are established for the blow up of the solution at some finite time. Moreover, the lower bound and upper bound of the blow-up time are derived if blow-up occurs.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.185-197
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• 2007

한계해석법인 상 하계법은 점착성, 점착성-마찰성, 마찰성분만 가지는 지반에서의 주로 얕은 터널에 대한 안정수를 구하기 위해 발전되어 왔다. 그러나 점성이 없고 마찰성분만 존재하는 지반에서의 비교적 깊은 터널에 대한 이러한 해석법의 연장은 현재까지 그 연구가 드물게 진행되어왔다. 따라서 본 연구는 이러한 상황에서의 터널붕괴하중을 구하기 위한 근사적인 해석법으로 응력불연속장에 근거하는 하계법과 동적 파괴메카니즘에 근거하는 상계법을 각각 제안하였다. 이러한 해석법에 의한 터널붕괴하중은 수치해석과 기존의 경계해석법과 비교되었으며 특히, 터널 수평축 상에 위치하는 유한지반요소들에 대한 유한요소해석 결과와 잘 일치됨을 보여 주었다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.168-175
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• 2015

추계 대청호 퇴적물에서 가장 많이 존재하는 인의 형태는 환원환경이 되면 용출될 수 있는 Al-bound와 Fe-bound 인으로 나타났다. 총인, Al-bound와 Fe-bound 인은 가두리 양식장이 분포하였던 회남 지점과 대청댐 앞에서 높게 나타났다. 그 이유는 가두리 양식장 같은 인위적인 활동보다는 세립질 퇴적물의 이동과 연관이 있는 것으로 판단된다. 대청호 퇴적인의 농도는 그 어느 존재형태도 타 인공호수에 비해 높지 않았다. 그러나 보다 더 객관적인 비교를 위해서 존재형태별 연속추출법을 표준화해야 할 것이다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제29권12호
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• pp.2399-2402
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• 2008