• 한국해양학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.54-60
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• 1979

가리비(scallop)는 한해성인 대형 조개류로서 우리나라 동해안에 분포하고 있으나, 영일만이나 영흥만과 같은 만 또는 그 부근에 특히 많은편이다. 가리비는 패주로서 중요할 뿐만 아니라 패각은 대규모 굴(oyster)양식의 부착기질로서도 중요하다. 우리나라에 있어서는 가리비 양식의 필요성이 크나, 양식의 기본문제가 되는 종묘생산 뿐만아니라, 이를 위한 기초연구들이 되어 있지 않다. 가리비의 양식적지라고 생각되는 우리나라 동해안을 대상으로 양식을 위해 현재까지 조사된 것은 1973년에 본대학 천해양식학연구실과 수산진흥원 포항지원의 공동조사 자료의 일부를 이등 (1977)이 발표한 것 뿐이며, 그 내용 중 부유유생에 관한 것은 4월 22일부터 6월 18일 까지 사이에 6회를 조사한 것 뿐이다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.219-230
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• 2010

Computer simulation has been widely used to design and optimize the operation of wastewater treatment plants since 1980. For secondary clarifiers, the simulation has been a tool to optimize the performance by providing dimensions for flocculation well. However, there has been no attempt to find the optimized geometrical parameters in circular secondary clarifier using simulation tools. In this study, three SVIs (Sludge Volume Indexes), two well types (feed and flocculation wells), 8 SWDs (Side Water Depths) and 9 bottom slopes were variables for simulation. Diurnal inflow and associated MLSS (Mixed Liquor Suspended Solid) concentrations were used for input loadings. When flocculation well was installed, 48% less concentration at lowest ESS (Effluent Suspended Solid) concentrations was produced and the diurnal ESS concentration range had been reduced by 52%. From these results, flocculation well must be installed to produce lower and stable ESS from circular secondary clarifiers. Under same loading conditions with $300m{\ell}$/g of SVI, The lowest ESS was produced when SWD was 4.5m with 4% of bottom slope. Therefore, SWD and bottom slope must not be deeper than 4.5m and must be near 4%, respectively, in circular clarifier with flocculation well to produce the lowest ESS concentration.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.66-74
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• 2020

In this paper, the author's team has carried out a comparative experimental study on the corrosion characteristics of Q235 steel commonly used in large-scale storage tanks under the specific bottom water environment found with Russian and Daqing crude oil. It was found that there is a certain degree of uniform or local corrosion on the tank floor depending on the kind of bottom water. The bottom water corrosion of Daqing crude oil is a uniform corrosion caused by carbon dioxide. While the Russian crude oil bottom water corrosion is clearly local corrosion caused by co-corrosion of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, here the corrosion rate is obviously higher than that caused by Daqing crude oil. There are two modes of storage tank inspection and maintenance that have been currently adopted by Chinese refining and chemical enterprises: a regular inspection mode and a API581-2016 risk-based detection mode. These modes have been effectively combined to form an intelligent tank inspection and maintenance mode, software tools to support this intelligent inspection and maintenance management have been developed.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2010

2012 여수 엑스포 부지인 신항해역의 생물해양학적 환경특성과 이를 조절하는 물리 화학적 요인의 경시적인 변동특성을 파악하기 위해 1개 정점을 대상으로 2006년 4월부터 2007년 12월까지 일주일 간격을 원칙으로 현장조사를 실시하였다. 수온은 표층에서 $6.8{\sim}27.8^{\circ}C$, 저층에서 $6.3{\sim}25.9^{\circ}C$의 범위를, 염분은 표층에서 12.8~33.0 psu의 범위를, 저층에서 25.2~33.6 psu의 범위를 보였다. 강우가 집중된 하계에 급격하게 염분이 낮아지면서 표·저층사이에 강한 염분약층이 형성되었다. 용존무기질소(DIN)는 표층에서 $1.36{\sim}82.7{\mu}M$, 저층에서 $1.27{\sim}25.2{\mu}M$의 범위를, 인산성 인은 표층에서 $0.06{\sim}2.13{\mu}M$, 저층에서 $0.07{\sim}1.38{\mu}M$의 범위를, 규산성 규소는 표층에서 $1.68{\sim}52.0{\mu}M$, 저층에서 $1.37{\sim}30.7{\mu}M$의 범위를 나타내었으며, 영양염류는 계절적으로 강우량이 많은 시기와 저수온기에 높고, 춘계와 추계에 크게 감소하였다. N/P ratio는 표층에서 4.43~325, 저층에서 3.57~321의 범위로 변동하였으며, 강우가 집중되는 시기에 급격히 증가하고, 그 외 시기에는 16 내외의 값을 나타내었다. $Chlorophyll{\alpha}$는 표층에서 $0.46{\sim}65.0{\mu}g$ $L^{-1}$, 저층에서 $0.71{\sim}15.0{\mu}g$ $L^{-1}$의 범위를 나타내었으며, 저수온기에는 낮은 농도로 유지되다 고수온기에 생물량이 급격히 증가하였다. 주성분분석과 중회귀분석 결과, 본 연구해역의 물리 화학적 및 생물학적 요인의 경시적인 변동은 염분의 변화로 표현되는 담수유입에 의해 크게 지배되는 구조를 보이고, 공급된 무기영양염은 식물플랑크톤의 흡수 동화를 통해 비교적 효율적으로 조절되고 있으며, 또한 저수온기에는 무기화과정과 영양염 순환을 통해 재생산된 영양염이 이 해역의 환경구조에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단되었다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.199-204
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• 2010

화력발전 후 발생되는 석탄회의 발생량은 점차 증가하고 있으나, 석탄바닥재의 재활용에 대한 연구가 충분하지 않아 재활용이 잘 되지 않고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구는 석 탄바닥재와 모래의 혼합비율을 달리한 상토로 lysimeter를 제작한 후에 잔디를 재배하고 용탈실험을 수행해 석탄바닥재가 골프장 사질토양의 토양개량재로 적합한지 여부를 검정하기 위해 수행하였다. 석탄바닥재와 모래를 일정비율(석탄바닥재 0, 10, 20, 30, 50%)로 혼합하여 조성한 lysimeter에 일정량의 관수를 실시하고 용탈수를 채취한 결과 석탄바닥재 처리수준이 증가할수록 용탈수량은 유의성있게 감소해 석탄바닥재 처리가 모래토양의 보수력을 높이는데 효과가 있음을 알 수 있다. 그리고 시비 후 3일 간격으로 용탈수를 채취해 분석한 결과 석탄바닥재의 처리 수준이 증가할수록 용탈수의 pH는 증가하였으나, 관수량에 대한 용탈수량, $NO_3$-N, $NH_4$-N 및 K의 용탈량은 유의성 있게 감소하였다. 또한 용탈수의 EC는 석탄바닥재의 처리수준이 증가할수록 용탈초기부터 끝까지 지속적으로 유지되는 것으로 조사되었다. 이들 결과는 석탄바닥재가 사질토양의 보수 보비력 및 산성토양을 개량하는데 효과적임을 의미 한다. 그러나 석탄바닥재 pH가 9.03의 알칼리성이고, 처리수준이 증가할수록 투수성이 불량해지고 토양에서 $PO_4$-P의 흡착량이 증가하는 문제점도 조사되었다. 본 연구 결과 석탄바닥재를모래에 20% 이하의 적정 비율로 혼합하면 보수 보비력이 낮은 골프코스의 사질토양을 개량할 수 있는 토양개량재로 재활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2004

The Yellow Sea Warm Current (YSWC) and the Yellow Sea Cold Bottom Water (YSCBW) are two protruding features, which have strong influence on the community structure and distribution of zooplankton in the Yellow Sea. Both of them are seasonal phenomena. In winter, strong north wind drives southward flow at the surface along both Chinese and Korean coasts, which is compensated by a northward flow along the Yellow Sea Trough. That is the YSWC. It advects warmer and saltier water from the East China Sea into the southern Yellow Sea and changes the zooplankton community structure greatly in winter. During a cruise after onset of the winter monsoon in November 2001 in the southern Yellow Sea, 71 zooplankton species were identified, among which 39 species were tropical, accounting for 54.9 %, much more than those found in summer. Many of them were typical for Kuroshio water, e.g. Eucalanus subtenuis, Rhincalanus cornutus, Pareuchaeta russelli, Lucicutia flavicornis, and Euphausia diomedeae etc. 26 species were warm-temperate accounting for 36.6% and 6 temperate 8.5%. The distribution pattern of the warm water species clearly showed the impact of the YSWC and demonstrated that the intrusion of warmer and saltier water happened beneath the surface northwards along the Yellow Sea Trough. The YSCBW is a bottom pool of the remnant Yellow Sea Winter Water resulting from summer stratification and occupy most of the deep area of the Yellow Sea. The temperature of YSCBW temperature remains ${\leq}{\;}10^{\circ}C$ in mid-summer. It is served as an oversummering site for many temperate species, like Calanus sinicus and Euphaisia pacifica. Calanus sinicus is a dominant copepod in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea and can be found throughout the year with the year maximum in May to June. In summer it disappears in the coastal area and in the upper layer of central area due to the high temperature and shrinks its distribution into YSCBW.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.362-369
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• 2004

수층과 사질 퇴적층이 이루는 경계면이 평탄할지라도 고주파수 (30∼120 ㎑) 음파의 반사손실은 퇴적물의 입도와 입사파의 파장에 따라 거친 경계면에서의 반사 효과를 갖게 된다. 경계면 거칠기 영향은 음향학적 거칠기 (acoustical roughness, g/sub R/)로 표현하며 사질 퇴적물의 경우 g/sub R/∼ O(1)이고 주파수에 따른 종속성을 가진다. 따라서 입도분포에 따른 반사손실의 편차 (deviation)와 주파수에 따른 종속성을 포함하는 개선된 해저면 반사손실 모델 (HYBRL 모델, Hanyang University Bottom Reflection Loss model)을 제안한다. 그리고 주파수 종속성과 해저면 물성이 갖는 편차를 포함하는 반사손실 모델을 검증하기 위해 수조실험과 해상실험을 실시하였다. 수조실험 및 해상실험에서 측정된 해저면 반사손실 결과 사질 퇴적물에서 모델의 특성을 잘 반영한다.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2003

The behavior and characteristics of heavy metals at different streams in a MSWI(Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator) with a capacity of 100tonnes/day were investigated by measuring the concentration of heavy metals and gases and analyzing their leaching data from ashes. Metal components of Cr, Cu, Cd and Pb were in higher concentrations in the fly ashes collected after the water spray tower than in the bottom ashes. It was due to condensation by a lower temperature with water spray cooling. Metal contents in the bottom ash became higher for finer particles as expected. The mass balance of heavy metals in different stream was estimated from the analyzed data in bottom ash and collected dusts at different locations. For the lower volatility of metals such as Pb, Cu, Cr, 88-97% of them remained in the bottom ash, while Cd and Hg escaped from the combustor with remaining in bottom ash of 18.4 and 0.8%, respectively. In most cases the leaching rate of fly ash showed higher values than that of bottom ash, with the their average acidities of 9.8 and 11.9 respectively.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회(2)
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• pp.842-845
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• 2005

A method for the numerical simulation of two-dimensional free-surface flow resulting from the propagation of regular gravity waves over topography with arbitrary bottom shape is presented. The method is based on the numerical solution of the Euler equations subject to the fully nonlinear free-surface boundary conditions and the appropriate bottom, inflow and outflow conditions using a hybrid finite-differences and spectral-method scheme. The formulation includes a boundary-fitted transformation, and is suitable for extension to incorporate large-eddy simulation (LES) and large-wave simulation (LWS) terms for turbulence and breaking wave modeling, respectively. Results are presented for the simulation of the free-surface flow over two different bottom topographies, with constant slope values of 1:10 and 1:20, two different inflow wave lengths and two different inflow wave heights. An absorption outflow zone is utilized and the results indicate minimum wave reflection from the outflow boundary. Over the bottom slope, lengths of waves in the linear regime are modified according to linear theory dispersion, while wave heights remain more or less unchanged. For waves in the nonlinear regime, wave lengths are becoming shorter, while the free surface elevation deviates from its initial sinusoidal shape.

• 농촌계획
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2022

Recently, Korea aimed to increase water use efficiency by implementing integrated management according to the water management unification policy. Considering the enormous use of water resources in the agricultural sector, it is necessary to efficiently conserve water in terms of demand management by intensifying the stakeholders' involvement and awareness campaigns. The existing agricultural water management system in Korea is based on a top-down approach by which the government agencies directly plan budgets and policies to be enforced on and implemented by farmers, with little to no involvement of farmers in the decision-making process. However, this process has hindered the desired water resources management and the water conservation goal at the field level. Moreover, the limited research on water governance operations focusing on agricultural water creates a knowledge gap, particularly in Korea. Thus, it is necessary to investigate water governance cases with successful implementations in agricultural and rural areas to identify the factors applicable to domestic governance in Korea. In addition, a more systematic governance model should be established by identifying the subjectivity of the stakeholders' involvement in agricultural water governance. Therefore, this study proposed a new bottom-up model for agricultural water governance, which aims to raise the problem of autonomous water governance while promoting stakeholders' voluntary participation in agricultural water management and reflecting farmers' involvement in the decision-making process. Moreover, if agricultural water governance is expanded nationwide by reflecting agricultural and water resource policies in the future, it is believed that positive effects can be achieved in increasing utilization efficiency and securing sustantiality through agricultural water saving.