• Title/Summary/Keyword: bonnet

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Microplane Constitutive Model for Granite and Analysis of Its Behavior (마이크로플레인 모델을 이용한 화강암의 3차원 구성방정식 개발 및 암석거동 모사)

  • Zi Goangseup;Moon Sang-Mo;Lee In-Mo
    • Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.41-53
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    • 2006
  • The brittle materials like rocks show complicated strain-softening behavior after the peak which is hard to model using the classical constitutive models based on the relation between strain and stress tensors. A kinematically constrained three-dimensional microplane constitutive model is developed for granite. The model is verified by fitting the experimented data of Westerly granite and Bonnet granite. The triaxial behavior of granite is well reproduced by the model as well as the uniaxial behavior. We studied the development of the fracture zone in granite during blasting impact using the model with the standard finite element method. All the results obtained from the microplane model developed are compared to those from the linear elasticity model which is commonly used in many researches and practices. It is found that the nonlinearity of rocks sigificantly affects the results of analysis.

ON THE SYNGE'S THEOREM FOR COMPLEX FINSLER MANIFOLDS

  • Won, Dae-Yeon
    • Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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    • v.41 no.1
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    • pp.137-145
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    • 2004
  • In [13], we developed a theory of complex Finsler manifolds to investigate the global geometry of complex Finsler manifolds. There we proved a version of Bonnet-Myers' theorem for complex Finsler manifolds with a certain condition on the Finsler metric which is a generalization of the Kahler condition for the Hermitian metric. In this paper, we show that if the holomorphic sectional curvature of M is ${\geq}\;c^2\;>\;0$, then M is simply connected. This is a generalization of the Synge's theorem in the Riemannian geometry and the Tsukamoto's theorem for Kahler manifolds. The main point of the proof lies in how we can circumvent the convex neighborhood theorem in the Riemannian geometry. A second variation formula of arc length for complex Finsler manifolds is also derived.

Pressure Locking and Thermal Binding Analysis of the RHR Motor Operated Valve (잔열제거계통 모터구동밸브의 압력잠김 및 열고착 현상 분석)

  • Song, Eun-Sil;Kim, Tae-Il;Lee, Kwang-Nam
    • Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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    • 2001.06d
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    • pp.630-635
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    • 2001
  • The stem thrust required to unwedging a gate valve is influenced by the pressure and temperature when the valve is closed and by the changes in these conditions between closure and opening. "Pressure Locking" and "Thennal Binding" refer to situations where pressure and temperature effects cause the unwedging load to be much higher than normal. A model of these phenomena has been developed. The effects of pressure and temperature are analyzed to determine the change in this disk-to-seat "interference". Flexibilities or Stiffness of the disk and body strongly influence the unwedging thrust. Calculation and limited comparison to data have been performed for the RHR motor operated valve designs and scenario. Pressure changes can increase the unwedging thrust when bonnet pressure exceeds the pressure in the adjacent piping and temperature changes can increase the unwedging thrust when a temperature change after closure produces an increase in the disk-to-seat interference.

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Influence of Value on the Women‘s Clothing Fashion -focus on the ideal images for women of England between 1820s and 1850s- (가치관이 여성복 Fashion에 미친 영향 연구 -1820-1850년 영국의 이상적 여성관을 중심으로-)

  • 이유경
    • Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.5-17
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    • 2002
  • This study aimed to investigate the relationship between ideal images of women and women's clothing fashion England between 1820s and 1850s. The age was divided into two periods, which were 1820-1836 and 1837-1850. During the first period, the ideal images of women were those of fairy, spirit, and angels, which were expressed by tight waist belt, wider and shorter skirt, top expanded sleeve, wide and flat pelerine collar, feather decoration, elaborate and curly hair style, narrow and light ballerina shoes etc.. During the second period, the ideal images for women were those of lady with modesty, quietness, and weakness. They were expressed by long and full skirt, tight or bulge over the lower arm sleeve, dropped sleeve, poke bonnet, body wrapping large shawl and sober color etc.. The result shows that the ideal images of women in 19th century England were concretely expressed by various clothing fashion including hair style, shoes, and decoration. This study sheds light on psychological, historical, and theoretical approaches to clothing.

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A Study on the FEM/GEM for Sectional Analysis of Deep Drawing Panels (딥드로잉 판넬의 단면성형 해석을 위한 유한요소법/기하학힘평형법에 관한 연구)

  • 김종필;금영덕;이종문
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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    • 1993.10a
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    • pp.212-217
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    • 1993
  • A 2-dimensional FEM/GEM program was developed for analyzing forming processes of an arbitrarily shaped draw-die, in which plane strain condition is assumed and linear line elements are employed. FEM formulation adopted a new algorithm for solving force equilibrium as well as non-penetration condition simultaneously. For the case of numerical divergence at nearly final forming stages and the initial guess in Newton-Raphson iterations, geometric force equilibrium method(GEM) is also introduced. The developed program was tested with the simulation of stamping processes of automotive bonnet inner pannel in order to verify the usefulness and validity of FEM/GEM formulation.

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A Effect of Sociocultural Environment on the Vicissitudes of Headgear -Focused on 19th Century in Europe- (사회.문화적 환경이 모자의 변천에 미친 영향 -19세기 유럽을 중심으로-)

  • 김진구;임선희;김애련
    • The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.295-307
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    • 2001
  • This study was investigated to a effect of sociocultural environment on the vicissitudes of headgear in Europe on 19th Century. Form of headgear was increasingly more functional and simple. It was needed various items with various usage. Since Industrial Revolution the french Revolution. A diffusion of sport and increase of leisure time gave rise to entrance of mass headgear with reasonability and simplicity. But female headgear was more decorative than males. Until late 19th century when female has participated in social performance, female headgear was not functional and simple form. More often female took male headgear(fedora, straw boater, cap, tc.) than bonnet when female role-awareness was changed and sport is diffused.

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Flow Analysis according to the Installation of an Aero Part in a Sports Car (스포츠카의 에어로 파츠 설치에 따른 유동해석)

  • Choi, Kyekwang;Cho, Jaeung
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.36-42
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    • 2020
  • In this study, flow analyses of a vehicle at driving were carried out after each installation of a tuning part, specifically the bonnet air ducts, the rear spoiler, and the rear diffuser. The study models were designed to comprise a total of eight cases in which each of the three parts were mounted individually or all together in vehicles. Assuming that the vehicle were driven with an average high speed of 100 km/h, the speed and pressure around the vehicle were obtained using CFD when driving. The rear diffuser that becomes the most effective among the three mounting parts has a major role in reducing air resistance.

A Study of Earthquake Design Air Operated Valve Actuator in Nuclear Power Plant (원자력 발전소 AOV 구동기 내진 설계에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Y.B.;Jang, H.;Yoon, I.S.;Kang, Y.M.
    • Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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    • 2008.11a
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    • pp.485-490
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    • 2008
  • Under localization developing for the control valve of the safety grade Q Class 1 which is established in the atomic power plant followed ASME Code and important parts (Body, Yoke, Bonnet, Actuator) design and produced. In order to verify this analyzed the earthquake stress of AOV. AOV the above of 33Hz occurred from fIrst mode, the earthquake stress occurred from inside the yield strength of the material.

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INVARIANT MEASURE AND THE EULER CHARACTERISTIC OF PROJECTIVELY ELAT MANIFOLDS

  • Jo, Kyeong-Hee;Kim, Hyuk
    • Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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    • v.40 no.1
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    • pp.109-128
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    • 2003
  • In this paper, we show that the Euler characteristic of an even dimensional closed projectively flat manifold is equal to the total measure which is induced from a probability Borel measure on RP$^{n}$ invariant under the holonomy action, and then discuss its consequences and applications. As an application, we show that the Chen's conjecture is true for a closed affinely flat manifold whose holonomy group action permits an invariant probability Borel measure on RP$^{n}$ ; that is, such a closed affinly flat manifold has a vanishing Euler characteristic.

Development of Automatic Drawing Program for Hemming Unit by AutoCAD (AutoCAD를 이용한 자동차용 헤밍 유닛의 자동작도 프로그램 개발)

  • Kim, D.S.;Song, Y.J.;Chung, H.;Kim, Y.B.;Hahn, Y.H.
    • Transactions of Materials Processing
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    • v.16 no.3 s.93
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    • pp.163-171
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    • 2007
  • Due to the complicated character of the hemming process for automobile panels, it is very difficult to setup a consistent and reliable die design guide rule that require subtle decision of experienced experts and multiple trials during hemming die design and making. In this paper an automatic die design system of hemming units is pursued by presenting some algorithms, in which geometric data and constraints of the hemming units were converted to formula. The geometries and kinematics of all part for two kinds of hemming units, 2-link type and 4-link type were analysed kinematically to build the design algorithm. The algorithms were verified by automatic drawing used AutoCAD VBA program in example for the hemming unit design of a bonnet.