• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.621-628
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• 2016

Hypertension can be caused by various factors while the predominant causes include increase in body fluid volume and resistance in the circulatory system that elevate the blood pressure. Consumption of probiotics has been proven to attenuate hypertension; however, the effect is much strain-dependent. In this study, a newly isolated Lactobacillus casei (Lb. casei ) strain C1 was investigated for its antihypertensive properties in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) suspension of 11 log colony-forming unit (CFU) was given to SHR (SHR+LAB, n=8), and phosphate buffer saline (PBS) was given as a control in SHR (SHR, n=8) and in Wistar rats as sham (WIS, n=8). The treatment was given via oral gavage for 8 weeks. The results showed that the weekly systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and aortic reactivity function were remarkably improved after 8 weeks of bacterial administration in SHR+LAB. These effects were mostly attributed by restoration of wall tension and tensile stress following the bacterial treatment. Although not statistically significant, the level of malondialdehye (MDA) in SHR+LAB serum was found declining. Increased levels of glutathione (GSH) and nitric oxide (NO) in SHR+LAB serum suggested that the bacterium exerted vascular protection through antioxidative functions and relatively high NO level that induced vasodilation. Collectively, Lb. casei strain C1 is a promising alternative for hypertension improvement.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.152-157
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of soybean on blood glucose and lipid concentrations, and antioxidant enzyme activity in type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM) patients. We divided patients into two groups and fed them, respectively, a basal diet(control group) and a basal diet with 69 g/d of soybean(soybean group) for 4 weeks. Pills with roasted soybean powder were provided to the soybean supplementation group three times a day. Macronutrients intake except dietary fiber was similar between the two groups. No significant differences were observed in dietary intakes or body weight before and after the supplementation. Energy composition ratio of C:F:P was 65:19:16 in the control group, 64:20:16 in the soybean group. The blood parameters of subjects before supplementation, such as fasting blood glucose, postprandial glucose level, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol and $HbA_1C$ were not different between the two groups. After supplementation, fasting blood glucose(p<0.001), postprandial glucose level(p<0.001) and serum triglyceride level(p<0.05) were significantly reduced in the soybean group in comparison with the control group. The total cholesterol level was not significantly different between the control and the supplemented group after 4 weeks of treatment. TBARS levels of the soybean group were not significantly different from those of the control group. The activities of catalase(p<0.01) and glutathione peroxidase(p<0.05) were significantly higher in the soybean group compared to the control group. The results of this study suggest that soybean supplementation would be helpful to control blood glucose and serum lipid in diabetic patients. Also, soybean showed an antioxidant activity that may contribute to enhance the effect of antioxidant defense. This activity contributes to protection against oxidative damage in type 2 DM patients. Soybean may have potential use in the disease management of patients with DM.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.61-67
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• 1970

In view of the importance of sulfhydryl groups in producing a chemical protection against ionizing radiation, an attempt was made to evaluate the changes of intrinsic non-protein sulfhydryl (NP-SH) and non-Protein disulfide(NP-SS) of the lung and liver tissues of rabbits following the whole body X-irradiation with 900 r either in single or fractionated $(300\;r{\times}3)$ dose. NP-SH was measured by Ellman's method, and NP-SS was measured by the electrolytic reduction method described by Dohan. Experiment was performed at 1,3,5,24 and 48 hours post·irradiation, and the results were compared with the control. The results thus obtained are summarized as follows; 1) Intrinsic levels of NP-SH and NP-SS of normal rabbits were $0.77{\pm}0.10$ and $0.61{\pm}0.07\;{\mu}mol/gm$ wet weight in liver, and $0.28{\pm}0.03$ and $0.54{\pm}0.03$ in lung tissues respectively. 2) NP-SH of liver after single X-irradiation showed no significant change in general, but at 48 hours post·irradiation, it was elevated comparing with the normal value. 3) Levels of NP-SS in liver was decreased than the normal value in the irradiated groups, and the lowest level was observed at 3 hours after single X-irradiation and at 5 hours after fractionated irradiation. 4) In lung tissues, levels of NP-SS showed no significant change from the control at earlier experimental hours, but a great decrease was observed at later Part of the experiment.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.118-124
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• 2011

최근 모든 산업분야에서 기존 소재의 물성을 뛰어넘는 우수한 기계적 특성과 기능적 특성을 만족하는 새로운 소재에 대한 필요성이 점점 증가하고 있으며, 특히 연료 절감과 이산화탄소($CO_2$)와 같은 온난화 가스 배출의 절감을 통한 환경보호가 요구됨에 따라 우주항공 산업에서는 신규 소재를 통한 구조체 경량화에 대한 중요성이 더욱 강조되고 있다. 또한, 신규 소재의 다양한 응용을 위하여 우수한 기계적 물성뿐만 아니라 여러가지 특성에 부합되는 고기능성 맞춤형 재료의 개발은 현재의 재료 과학기술의 최우선적인 목표이며, 이러한 맞춤형 재료에 가장 근접한 소재는 탄소섬 유강화 복합재료라 할 수 있다. 실제로 최근 탄소섬유강화 복합재료는 항공기 경량화를 위한 필수적인 물질로서 그 수요는 크게 증가하고 있다. 따라서, 본고에서는 항공기의 경량화를 위한 탄소섬유강화 복합재료의 필요성과 더불어 탄소섬유강화 복합재료의 기술동향에 대하여 중심으로 살펴보도록 하겠다.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2008

In today's industrial society, one observes fierce competition aiming at profit generation among companies, and the utilization of complex machineries and cutting edge science and technology constitutes a constant threat to the life, body, and health of employees. In such a context, it is precisely the purpose of the Industrial Safety and Health Act that is in force to provide protection to the life and health of employees against hazardous and harmful environment and the role of enterprises becomes more and more important in the law. The Industrial Safety and Health Act places the responsibility for preventing industrial accidents on the shoulders of the business employer by providing safety and health information relating to current employees and creating an appropriate work environment. The employer must recognize the importance of prevention of industrial accident and must possess a business philosophy that places top priority on safety when it comes to company management. In light of such practical considerations, the present study approaches to find out the influence of safety and health management on business management from a statistical sample survey point of view. By doing this, the study hopes to show that a through safety management serves to protect the life and health of employees and raise profit for businesses. What is more, the study hopes to demonstrate that promoting a sound business culture can act as fertilizer that promotes the ushering in of a bright society.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.129-154
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• 2006

Last year, over 800 Australian live cattle were imported, underwent quarantine procedure for one month in the port of Incheon and Busan and distributed to general farm house holds in Gyeongju city, Gyeongbuk province, and Gimhae city, Namhae county, Gyeongnam province. But Hanwoo association took violent actions to prevent from entering the country for fear that the imported live cattle would destroy the 'Hanwoo industry', and in turn leads to the collapse of the industry. In Australia, national animal protection body 'Animals Australia' investigated the level of cruelty involved in this trade and made a report 'The death file'. Australia governments drive to expand Its market for 'live animal exports' and it has resulted in a corresponding increase In casualties associated with the long-haul overseas trade in live livestock animals over the past years. After the stress of transportation, all the surviving cattle and sheep face death on foreign soil, many into countries which have no animal welfare laws or, at best, inadequate laws. They will usually be killed without pre-stunning and often even without adequate restraint facilities. The result is inherent and persistent suffering. West Australian(WA) Police acting on behalf of the West Australian Government and the Office of the WA State Solicitor have laid animal cruelty charges against a leading WA live export company for breaching the WA Animal Welfare Act. With the aim of eventually substituting it for the live sheep trade, the Senate Select Committee on Animal Welfare (SCCAW) recommended that the Federal Government 'promote and encourage the expansion of the refrigerated sheep meat trade to the Middle East and other countries'. Animal welfare standards have been improved time after time, there is another incident, another public outcry, another inquiry and more assurances.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.193-202
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• 2020

본 연구는 경호경비원의 조직문화에 따른 직무스트레스와 직무소진이 직무성과에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 경호경비원 320명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 이 연구를 통하여 얻은 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 조직문화에서 혁신문화는 직무스트레스에 통계적으로 .01수준에서 부적(-)인 영향을 미친다. 둘째, 조직문화는 직무성과에 직접적인 영향을 미치지 않는다. 셋째, 조직문화 가운데 시장문화는 직무성과에 통계적으로 .01수준에서 부적(-)으로 영향을 미친다. 넷째, 직무스트레스는 직무성과에 통계적으로 .001수준에서 부적(-)으로 영향을 미친다. 다섯째, 직무소진은 직무성과에 통계적으로 .001수준에서 부적(-)으로 영향을 미친다. 여섯째, 직무스트레스는 조직문화의 혁신문화와 직무성과의 관계에서 통계적으로 .01수준에서 부적(-) 매개효과가 있다. 일곱째, 직무소진은 조직문화와 직무성과의 관계에서 통계적으로 유의한 영향이 없다.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.47-56
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• 2005

A series of radiotracer experiments were employed to quantitatively compare the biokinetics of uptake from the dissolved phase (influx rates), uptake from the various types of food source (assimilation efficiency), and loss (efflux) of Ag between Potamocorbula amurensis and Macoma balthica. Simultaneously, influx rates of dissolved Cd in both clams were determined to compare with those of Ag. Effects of salinity on influx rates were evaluated in these 2 euryhaline species, as were effects of clam size. Influx rate of Ag and Cd (${\mu}g g^{-1}$ [dry wt.] $d^{-1}$) increased linearly with metal concentrations. Influx rates of Ag in both clams were 3 to 4 times those of Cd. Absolute influx rates of the 2 metals were 4 to 5 times greater in P. amurensis than M. balthica, probably because of differences in biological attributes (i.e. clearance rate or gill surface area). As salinity was reduced from 20 to 2.5 psu, the influx rate of Cd in P. amurensis increased 4-fold and that of Ag increased 6-fold, consistent with expected changes in speciation. Weight-specific metal influx rates (${\mu}g g^{-1}$ [dry wt.] $d^{-1}$) were negatively correlated with the tissue dry weight of the clams, but most rate constants determining physiological turnover of assimilated metals were not affected by clam size.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.954-963
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 공진형 무선전력전송시스템에 의해 발생되는 자기장과 전기장 강도 및 이에 의한 인체 내부 전자파 비흡수율(Specific Absorption Rate: SAR) 분포를 분석하였다. 연구에서 사용된 동작주파수는 ISM 대역에 해당하는 6.78 MHz이다. 실제 시스템을 제작하고, 시스템의 송신측에 공급되는 가용 전력을 1 W로 제한하여 전기장 및 자기장 분포를 측정하고, 동일한 규격으로 시뮬레이션한 결과와 비교하였다. 피부, 지방, 근육의 순으로 조직층이 구성된 단순인체모델을 이용하여, WPT 시스템으로부터의 거리에 따른 인체 내부의 유도 전류밀도와 SAR 분포를 구하였다. 측정과 시뮬레이션을 통해 얻어진 전자파 노출 정도를 ICNIRP(International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection)의 국제 권고기준과 비교하여 분석하였다.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2009

Temporary clamping of the portal triad is a common strategy to minimize bleeding during liver transplantation. Increasing evidences suggests that oxygen derived free radicals and reintroduction of oxygen in ischemic tissue lead to ischemic and reperfusion injury (I/R) and lead to apoptosis and necrosis. Adult Wistar rat subjected to 60 min of partial liver ischemia followed by three hour reperfusion. Eighteen Wister rats were divided into sham-operated control group (I) (n = 6), ischemia and reperfusion group (II) (n = 6), folic acid treated group (1 mg/kg body weight/daily by oral route for 7 days before induced ischemia reperfusion maneuver) (III) (n = 6). Apoptotic and necrotic hepatocytes, mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes were measured. Liver injury was assessed by alanine transaminases (ALT), aspartate transaminases (AST), liver histopathology and electron microscopy. An ischemic and reperfusion hepatocellular injury was indicated by increased serum-ALT, AST, histopathology and electron microscopy studies. Apoptotic and necrotic cells were increased which was revealed by flow cytometry in I/R group. Pre- treatment with folic acid significantly decreased serum -ALT, AST levels, apoptotic and necrotic cells after 1 h ischemia followed by 3 h of reperfusion. Histopathology and TEM studies showed markedly diminished hepatocellular injury in folic acid pretreated rats during the hepatic I/R, which reached a level comparable to saline-treated rat of sham operated group. On the basis of our findings it may be concluded that folic acid afforded significant protection from necrosis and apoptosis in I/R injury.